沉水下者上，半沉者次之。磨汁用或研粉干之。
辛，苦，微温，无毒。下气补肾，益精壮阳。除恶气而定霍乱，暖腰膝而止转筋，解麻
痹而
泻。
生天竺国。皮青色，叶似橘，经冬不凋。海南、交、广亦有之。有青桂、鸡骨、马蹄、
煎香等异，大抵其木沉水者
为真。今药肆所用尽伪也。
辛，温，无毒。入手太阴、足少阴、阳明。温脾胃而止霍乱，辟邪恶而杀虫 ；消 癖
而除
发灰白之痘疮，除虚寒之呕哕。虚寒呕逆者，急服之。有实火者，忌服。
生东海及昆仑。二三月花开，紫白色。七月成实，小者为公丁香，大者为母丁香云。
小儿吐乳，同陈皮煎服。（验方第一。）
小儿吐泻。同上。（第二。）
一切呕逆，虚寒，同
即母丁香。
辛，温，无毒。除风水毒肿，止霍乱心痛。吹鼻孔而杀脑疳，入香品而香肌肤。
止血定痛，消肿生肌。烧之，辟天行时气，宅舍怪异。小儿带之，辟一切邪恶气。
生南海、两广、云南诸处。似苏方木，烧之初不甚香，得诸香和之最良。以紫而润者为
良。
辛，温，无毒。入手太阴、足少阴。消风热肿毒，除噎膈吐食。止心腹腰肾之痛，杀鬼
恶虫
消面 。
敷猝肿，涂恶毒，治金疮，疗淋沥。
生南海、广东、云南诸处，今岭南诸处皆有之。树叶皆似荔枝。有数种∶皮实而色黄者
为黄
檀，皮洁而色白者为白檀，皮腐而色紫者为紫檀。其木坚重淡香，白者尤良。近市人所货，
并无香气，乃江淮河溯所生之檀耳。
Those that sink to the bottom are of superior quality, while those that float halfway are next best. They can be used by grinding into juice or by pulverizing into powder for dry administration.
Pungent, bitter, slightly warm, non-toxic. It directs Qi downward, tonifies the Kidney, benefits essence, and strengthens Yang. It eliminates foul odors and stabilizes Huoluan (cholera-like syndrome), warms the waist and knees to relieve muscle spasms (Zhuanjin), resolves numbness and paralysis, and promotes bowel movement.
It originates from Tianzhu (ancient India). The bark is bluish-green, the leaves resemble those of the citrus tree, and they remain evergreen through winter. It is also found in Hainan, Jiaozhou, and Guangzhou. There are variants such as Qinggui, Jigu, Matixiang, and Jianxiang; generally, wood that sinks in water is considered authentic. What is currently used in pharmacies is mostly counterfeit.
Pungent, warm, non-toxic. Enters the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian, Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian, and Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. It warms the Spleen and Stomach to stop Huoluan, repels evil pathogens and kills parasites; resolves accumulations (Pi) and treats gray/white hair and sequelae of smallpox, and clears vomiting and hiccups caused by deficiency-cold. For vomiting and regurgitation due to deficiency-cold, it should be taken urgently. Those with excess fire must avoid taking it.
It grows in the East Sea and Kunlun regions. Flowers bloom in February and March, appearing purple-white. Fruit matures in July; smaller ones are called Gong Dingxiang (Male Clove), and larger ones are called Mu Dingxiang (Female Clove).
For infants spitting up milk, decoct together with Chenpi (Tangerine Peel). (Verified Formula No. 1.)
For infant vomiting and diarrhea. Same as above. (No. 2.)
For all types of vomiting and regurgitation due to deficiency-cold, combine with...
This refers to Mu Dingxiang (Female Clove).
Pungent, warm, non-toxic. Eliminates wind-water toxic swelling and stops Huoluan heart pain. Blown into the nostrils, it kills Naogan (nasal polyps/gangrene); added to incense blends, it makes the skin fragrant.
Stops bleeding and relieves pain, reduces swelling and generates flesh. When burned, it wards off epidemic Qi and strange phenomena in dwellings. Carried by children, it repels all evil Qi.
Grows in the South Sea, Liangguang, and Yunnan. It resembles Su Fang Mu (Sappan Wood); when burned, the initial fragrance is not strong, but it works best when combined with other aromatics. The purple and lustrous variety is superior.
Pungent, warm, non-toxic. Enters the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian and Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian. Dissipates wind-heat toxic swelling, removes dysphagia and vomiting of food. Stops pain in the heart, abdomen, waist, and kidneys; kills malevolent insects; removes facial spots.
Applied to sudden swellings, smeared on malignant sores, treated metal wounds (Jinchuang), and cures dribbling urination (Linli).
Grows in the South Sea, Guangdong, and Yunnan, and is now available throughout Lingnan. The leaves resemble those of the lychee tree. There are several varieties: Huangtan (Yellow Sandalwood) has thick yellow bark; Baitan (White Sandalwood) has clean white bark; Zitan (Purple Sandalwood) has decaying purple bark. Its wood is hard, heavy, and faintly fragrant; the white variety is especially good. The sandalwood sold in local markets today lacks fragrance; it is merely sandalwood grown in the Jianghuai and Hesui regions.