用茎叶。
辛，苦，微温，有毒。治一切风湿，拘挛痹痛。疗诸般风冷，筋骨怯弱。
生泰山之谷。三月采叶。今雍、华、绛、杭诸州亦有之。苗高三四尺，茎赤，叶似石榴
而短
浓。四月开细白花，五月结实。
薏仁为使，畏葵根、大黄、柴胡、前胡。
甘，苦，无毒。入足阳明、厥阴经。除腰脊之痛强，散骨节之风湿，疗痔 之坏疮，起
腰脚
之瘫痪。溺数茎疼之疾，白浊阴痿之 ；益精明目最良，中风失音亦效。
时珍曰∶萆 蔓生，叶似菝 而大，其根长硬，大者如商陆而坚。今人皆以土茯苓为萆
则
腰脚痹软，佐杜仲末，每酒下二钱，忌牛肉。（验方第一。）
小便数，酒丸豆大，每酒下七
萆 厘清饮 萆 菖蒲 益智 乌药（等分）
水煎。治白浊频数。（诸方第一。）
生山野中，茎似蔓而坚强，植生有刺。其叶团大，状如马蹄，光泽似柿叶。秋开黄花，
结红
子。其根甚硬，有硬须如刺。主治同萆 。
忌茶叶。
甘，淡，无毒。健脾理胃，祛风除湿。强筋骨而利关节，舒拘挛而止泄泻。解腻粉银朱
之毒
，平恶疮痈肿之邪。
生海畔山谷，楚蜀亦有之。蔓生，茎细有点，其叶不对，状类大竹叶而质浓滑，如瑞香
叶而
长五六寸。其根状如菝 而圆，其大若鸡鸭子，连缀而生，远者离尺许，近或数寸，其肉软
，可生啖。有赤白二种，入药用白者良。
Use the stems and leaves.
Pungent, bitter, slightly warm, toxic. Treats all types of wind-dampness, spasms, and bi-syndrome pain. Cures various wind-cold pathogens, alleviates weakness of sinews and bones.
Grows in the valleys of Mount Tai. Leaves are harvested in the third month. Now it is also found in Yongzhou, Huazhou, Jiangzhou, Hangzhou and other prefectures. The seedling grows three or four chi high, the stem is red, the leaves resemble those of pomegranate but are shorter and denser. In the fourth month, small white flowers bloom; in the fifth month, fruits form.
Yiren (Coix Seed) serves as the guiding herb. It is incompatible with Kuisgen (Malva Verticillata Root), Dahuang (Rhubarb Root), Chaihu (Bupleurum Root), and Qianhu (Peucedani Radix).
Sweet, bitter, non-toxic. Enters the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian and Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian. Eliminates pain and stiffness in the waist and spine, disperses wind-dampness in bone joints, treats malignant ulcers caused by hemorrhoids, and restores paralysis of the waist and legs. Treats diseases such as frequent urination and pain in the urethra, leukorrhea, and impotence; it is excellent for benefiting essence and brightening the eyes, and is also effective for aphasia due to stroke.
Li Shizhen said: Bianxia (Dioscorea Hypoglauca Rhizome) grows as a vine, its leaves resemble those of Bqia (Smilax Glabra Rhizome) but are larger, its root is long and hard, large ones resembling Shanglu (Phytolacca Acinosa Root) but firmer. Nowadays, people mistake Tufuling (Smilax Glabra Rhizome) for Bianxia, resulting in softness and weakness of the waist and legs due to bi-syndrome. Paired with powder of Duzhong (Eucommia Bark), taken with wine, two qian each time, avoiding beef. (Verified Formula No. 1.)
For frequent urination, make pills the size of beans using wine, taking seven pills each time with wine.
Bixie Liqing Yin (Bianxia Clarifying Decoction): Bixie (Dioscorea Hypoglauca Rhizome), Shichangpu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizome), Yizhi (Alpinia Oxyphylla Fruit), Wuyao (Lindera Root) (equal parts). Decoct in water. Treats frequent leukorrhea. (First among Various Formulas.)
Grows in mountains and wilds, the stem resembles a vine but is strong, growing with thorns. The leaves are round and large, shaped like a horse's hoof, glossy like persimmon leaves. In autumn, yellow flowers open, bearing red fruits. The root is very hard, with hard bristles like thorns. Its therapeutic indications are the same as those of Bianxia.
Avoid tea leaves.
Sweet, bland, non-toxic. Strengthens the spleen and regulates the stomach, dispels wind and removes dampness. Strengthens sinews and bones, benefits joints, relieves spasms, and stops diarrhea. Resolves the toxicity of Nifen (Lead White) and Yinzhu (Cinnabar), calms the pathogenic factors of malignant sores and carbuncles.
Grows in valleys near the sea, also found in Chu and Shu regions. Grows as a vine, the stem is thin with spots, the leaves are alternate, resembling large bamboo leaves but thicker and smoother, longer than Ruixiang (Daphne Odora Leaf) leaves by five or six cun. The root resembles Bqia (Smilax Glabra Rhizome) but is round, the size of a chicken or duck egg, growing in clusters, distant ones separated by about one chi, close ones by several cun, the flesh is soft and can be eaten raw. There are red and white varieties, the white one being superior for medicinal use.