辛，温，无毒。治目翳目盲，兼治喉痹疮疥。除头风头痛，并除齿牙风痛。
此草收谷后，荒田中生之，江湖南北多有之。一科丛生，叶似嫩谷秧，抽细茎，高四五
寸，
茎头有小白花，点点如乱星。九月采花。
目中翳膜，同防风末服。（验方第一。）
痘后目翳，为末，猪肝蘸食。（第二。）
雀目，为末，竹刀开羊肺，入煮食之。（第三。）
小儿中暑，吐泻烦渴，烧，末服。（第四。）
甘，寒，无毒。治诸淋茎痛，解湿热肿满。
江浙、湖湘、川陕、黔中皆有之，生山林下。茎细如线，引于竹木上，高尺许。叶细如
芫荽
而甚薄，背面皆青，上多皱纹，皱处有沙子，状如蒲黄。不开花，细根坚强。以沙抛灯火灼
者真也。
伤寒狂热，同山栀、牙硝、硼砂服之。（验方第一。）
小便不通，为末，生姜、甘草汤下。（第二。）
膏淋如油，同南滑，佐甘草末，麦冬汤下。（第三。）
血淋痛涩，新水下末。（第四。）
海金沙散 金沙（二钱） 白术（四两） 甘草（半两） 黑丑头末（一两）
每服一钱，倒流水下。治腹胀如鼓，喘不卧。（诸方第一。）
俗云苦丁茶是也。
苦，辛，寒，无毒。治一切痈疽瘰 恶疮。
处处有之。二三月生，多布麦田中。叶似柳而微细，开紫花，结小角。
疔疮肿毒，取汁内服，杵烂外敷。（验方第一。）
瘰 疮疔、发背诸肿，同蒺藜末，油合敷。（第二。）
一切恶疮，以罐盛，烧烟熏之，出黄水尽，愈。（第三。）
稻芒粘咽，嚼咽之。（第四。）
黄胆内热，酒下末。（第五。）
痈疽恶疮，同苍耳叶捣，酒下。（第六。）
[Valerian Flower / Jing Mi Cao]
Pungent, warm, non-toxic. Treats visual obscurations (pterygium) and blindness; also treats throat obstruction (hou bi), sores, and scabies. Eliminates headache caused by wind-pathogen in the head, and toothache caused by wind-cold.
This herb grows in wasteland after the grain harvest and is abundant in the regions north and south of the Yangtze River. It grows in clumps; leaves resemble young rice seedlings, with slender stems rising four to five cun high. Small white flowers bloom at the stem tips, scattered like chaotic stars. Flowers are harvested in the ninth lunar month.
For visual obscurations in the eyes, take together with powder of Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root). (Verified Formula 1.)
For residual visual obscurations after smallpox, grind into powder and consume dipped in pork liver. (2.)
For night blindness (que mu), grind into powder, cut open sheep lung with a bamboo knife, insert the powder, boil, and eat. (3.)
For pediatric summerheat stroke presenting with vomiting, diarrhea, irritability, and thirst, calcine the herb, grind into powder, and take. (4.)
[Hai Jin Sha]
Sweet, cold, non-toxic. Treats pain in the urethra associated with various forms of strangury (lin zheng); resolves damp-heat causing edema and distension.
Found in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Guizhou; grows under forests. Stems are thread-like, climbing on bamboo or wood, about one chi high. Leaves are slender like coriander but very thin, green on both sides, wrinkled on the surface, with sand-like granules in the wrinkles resembling Puhuang (Typha Pollen). Does not flower; fine roots are tough. Authenticity is verified by throwing sand onto a lamp flame; if it crackles, it is genuine.
For high fever and mania due to Shanghan (Cold Damage), take with Zhizi (Gardenia Fruit), Yaxiao (Natrii Sulfas), and Pengsha (Borax). (Verified Formula 1.)
For urinary retention, grind into powder and take with decoction of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) and Gancao (Licorice Root). (2.)
For gao lin (milky urine resembling oil), take with Nanhuashi (Talcum) and supplemented with Gancao powder, washed down with Maidong (Ophiopogon Decoction). (3.)
For xue lin (hematuria with painful/difficult urination), take powder with fresh well water. (4.)
Hai Jin Sha San: Hai Jin Sha 2 qian, Baizhu 4 liang, Gancao 0.5 liang, Heiqiu Toumo 1 liang. Take 1 qian per dose, washed down with "Dao Liu Shui" (water flowing backwards/counter-current). Treats abdominal distension like a drum, wheezing, and inability to lie flat. (General Formulas 1.)
[Zi Hua Di Ding]
Commonly known as Kuding Cha in folk usage.
Bitter, pungent, cold, non-toxic. Treats all types of carbuncles, sores, scrofula, and malignant ulcers.
Widespread. Sprouts in the second and third lunar months, often found in wheat fields. Leaves resemble willow leaves but are finer; blooms purple flowers; bears small pod-like fruits.
For ding chuang (furuncle/carbuncle) and swelling/toxicity, extract juice for internal use, and mash the residue for external application. (Verified Formula 1.)
For scrofula, furuncles, back abscesses, and other swellings, mix with Jili (Tribulus Powder), blend with oil, and apply externally. (2.)
For all malignant ulcers, place in a jar, burn to produce smoke, and fumigate the affected area until yellow discharge ceases; then it heals. (3.)
For rice awn stuck in the throat, chew and swallow. (4.)
For jaundice with internal heat, take powder with wine. (5.)
For carbuncles and malignant ulcers, mash together with Cang'er Ye (Xanthium Leaf) and take with wine. (6.)