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The insect is black in color and the size of a soybean. When pressed with the hand, its head can bend downward, making a "peel-peel" sound. Those from the south are small and have weak efficacy, while those from the north are large and potent; people often catch them for play. For medicinal use, larger insects are selected. The test method is: place the insect on a table, turn it over so its back is up, and after a short while, it will jump three to four cun high. Some may jump five to six cun or even about one chi high, indicating greater potency. *Bencao Gangmu* (Compendium of Materia Medica) appended it after *Zhongsi* (Grasshoppers/Locusts) but did not mention its therapeutic functions. In the north, it is called "Tiao Baizhang" (Jumping Hundred Feet). It treats weakness in the waist and legs and can be included in tonifying Yang prescriptions along with *Shan Mayi Zi* (Mountain Ant Eggs). *Baicao Jing* (Mirror of Hundreds of Herbs) states: externally, it can arrest malaria. Place one *Koutou Chong* (Kowtow Beetle) on the glabella (Yintang point area), with the head facing upward, cover with a plaster, and the malaria will resolve spontaneously after some time.

**Dali Wan** (Great Strength Pill): This is a formula by Feng Jiabao. *Jili* (Tribulus Fruit) washed with wine, stir-fried, and thorns removed; *Baifuling* (Poria); *Baishao* (White Peony Root); *Rongrong* (Cistanche Stem) washed with wine; *Duzhong* (Eucommia Bark) stir-fried with suet oil; *Tusizi* (Cuscuta Seed) boiled in wine; *Xuduan* (Dipsacus Root); *Danggui* (Angelica Sinensis); *Fupenzi* (Rubus Fruit); *Weilingxian* (Spineflower Stem); *Po Gu Zhi* (Psoralea Fruit); *Yiyiren* (Coix Seed) each 1.5 qian; *Niuxi* (Achyranthes Root) washed with wine; *Wumingyi* (Limonite); *Zirantong* (Pyrite) quenched seven times in vinegar each 1 qian; *Ruxiang* (Frankincense); *Moyao* (Myrrh); *Zhusha* (Cinnabar, purified); *Xuexie* (Dragon's Blood); *Qingyan* (Green Salt) each 5 qian; *Tianxiong* (Aconitum Lateral Root, processed) 2 liang, soaked in child's urine for five days; *Xangbie* (Elephant Beetle) one, removing head, feet, and wings (if unavailable, substitute with *Tubie* / Ground Beetle); *Tiao Baizhang* (Jumping Hundred Feet) ten, removing feet; *Hugu* (Tiger Bone) 2 liang, roasted with suet oil. All herbs are ground into fine powder, mixed with refined honey to form pills, each weighing 2.5 qian. Take morning and evening with salt water or yellow wine. After taking, exert effort in Qigong practice to disperse the effect to the four limbs.

*Wuli Xiaoshi* (Small Knowledge of Physical Things) records: *Tubie* (Ground Beetle) is produced in elephant dung, or sometimes simulated by rolling soil into nests. Those using rolled soil nests are actually *Shajimu* (Sand Chicken Mother), not true *Tubie*. Grind together with gold ink and apply to treat mouth ulcers.

They are abundant along the coasts of Fujian, Guangdong, and Zhejiang, resembling earthworms. People in Fujian steam them with eggs or make them into paste for guests, considering them delicious, claiming they tonify the Spleen and strengthen the Stomach.

*Guangzhi* (Records of Guangzhou) states: During summer heat and rain, worms are generated by dampness and heat stagnation within rice plants, or from rotting rice roots. Since rice roots are yellow, and the worms transform from rice roots, their color is also yellow. Large ones are as thick as chopsticks and up to one chi long, with mouths at every segment. They are green when raw and red-yellow when ripe. Before Frost Descent, when rice matures, the worms mature. On the first, second, fifteenth, and sixteenth days, during high tides, they break their segments and emerge, floating on the fields, where they are caught with nets. When exposed to vinegar, white fluid exudes. Filtered through rice wash water and steamed into a paste, it is sweet, delicious, and beneficial, containing the essence of rice. If pickled into jerky or made into sauce, it serves as food for the poor.

Wu Zhenfang's *Lingnan Zaji* (Miscellaneous Records of Lingnan) states: *Hechong* (Rice Worm) closely resembles leeches, is yellow-green, and looks extremely repulsive. They emerge from the roots of rice in freshwater fields submerged by tides, reaching lengths of several chi to over one chi. Even if broken into inch-long segments, they remain alive and can swim. They spoil and become inedible after noon. Adding a small cup of salt and vinegar causes them to split and release white fluid. Steaming them with chicken or duck eggs, or with cow's milk, yields the freshest taste.

*Yuelu* (Records of Yue) states: *Hechong* resembles silkworms, is one to two cun long, and has no distinct species classification. Between early and late autumn, just before the ripening of early and late rice crops, the worms emerge from rice roots. As tides rise and flood the fields, they enter the sea with the tide, floating during the day and sinking at night. When floating, the surrounding water turns purple. Harvesters use large-mouthed, narrow-tailed nets tied to boats, facing the current. The net has a bag at the tail; when heavy, it is tipped into the boat. *Hechong* tonifies the Spleen and Stomach, generates blood, promotes diuresis, and unblocks urination. It should not be consumed by patients with sores and abscesses, as it can cause suppuration.