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You Fen (Oil Feces - *Note: Contextually refers to the section on Goat Blood, likely a typo in original text or specific local name, translated as context implies Goat Blood*)

Notes from Vice Minister Chang: Goats naturally love to live among mountain cliffs; they can climb steep precipices and move with agility like flying. Their blood can treat traumatic injuries and various bleeding disorders. For those who appear dead after falling or being struck but whose breath has not yet ceased, drinking about one fen of blood mixed with wine will cause them to revive immediately, showing miraculous efficacy. However, capturing them is very difficult; whenever they see people, they flee swiftly and rapidly, faster than human legs can manage. One must densely lay rope nets in the grass to entangle their feet before they can be captured alive. Puncture their heart blood and wait for it to dry and coagulate into blocks, which can then be carried far. Generally, all blood suffers from stagnation; because goats traverse high and dangerous places without rest day and night, their blood becomes active. Since the heart is the master, heart blood is the best. As the saying goes, "Running water never grows stale, and a door hinge never gets worm-eaten." This confirms the truth of this principle. *Benjing Fengyuan* states: Goats are produced in the mountains of Yunnan and Sichuan; they have a nature good at running and chasing, and enjoy fighting. Their meat can treat cold consumption, mountain miasma malaria, and dysentery, as well as leukorrhea (red and white discharge) in women. Their heart blood was omitted in *Binhu Gangmu*. The Miao people's method of obtaining blood: use a segmented Mi bamboo pole sharpened to a point, puncture the heart of a living goat to collect the blood, dried is best; blood from slaughtered goats is unsuitable. *Ganyuan Xiaoshi* records: Goat blood is produced in various local commanderies of Guangxi. Goats resemble sheep but are larger, are good at fighting, and can ascend sheer cliffs. Whenever they lose footing at high places, even suffering bone fractures, they recover shortly as if nothing happened; they like to eat the seedlings of Panax notoginseng. Their blood is excellent for treating injuries; for mild cases, take a few li; for severe cases, two or three fen. Heart blood is superior, body blood is secondary. True product is black with luster and light in texture. Lu Zuofan in *Yuexi Ouji* records: To test goat blood, take half a cup of chicken blood, drop in one grain of goat blood, and overnight it turns to water; or throw a piece of old, coagulated, smelly chicken blood into goat blood, and overnight it turns back into fresh blood—this is true. *Binhu Gangmu* says: Goat refers to wild sheep, also known as Yang sheep, not the domestic goat of today. Shizhen only recorded the functions of goat meat in the treatment section, omitting oil and blood; these are appended here. Currently, collected dry blood blocks must be nourished with glutinous rice, said to preserve them from drying out indefinitely.

Nature is warm, taste is salty, non-toxic. *Benjing Fengyuan* says: It is a divine medicine for harmonizing trauma and dispersing blood stasis. Treating traumatic injuries, taking it alone with wine until drunk, upon waking, the bones will naturally knit together; each dose should not exceed one fen. Do not overdose; although it does not consume primordial Qi, its power can scatter Yin blood. However, it must be taken immediately after injury for the fastest effect; if taken after three to five days, when blood is coagulated and Qi is stagnant, it will not aid treatment. Its price equals that of Calculus Bovis (Niuhuang), and heart blood is also hard to obtain; used in Shenxue Dan, it is truly a life-extending pill for deficiency consumptive hemorrhage. *Yaoxing Kao* records: Goat blood tastes salty, treats traumatic injuries, hemoptysis, hematemesis, epistaxis, hematochezia, and hematuria; it can stop bleeding and resolve stasis, taken with wine. Its skin made into mats cures bone and tendon pain; its horns made into fire cups moxa head wind. True product does not disperse when placed in water.

Hematemesis Jiang Xintian's empirical formula: Before sleep, use genuine Guangxi goat blood, take three fen each time; it can guide blood back to its source. Within two or three doses, bleeding stops spontaneously.

Litong Wan: Treats bruises and all kinds of carbuncles and swellings. Calamines (Tianzhuhuang) eight fen, Calculus Bovis (Niuhuang) four fen, Borneolum Syntheticum (Bingpian) four qian, Radix Notoginseng (Sanqi) four qian, Sanguis Draconis (Xuejie) four qian, Catechu (Ercha) four qian, Moschus (Shexiang) four fen, Myrrha (Moyao) four qian, Ferulae Resina (awei) two qian, Realgar (Xionghuang) two qian, Spina Gleditsiae Sinensis (Tenghuang) four qian, Child's Bone (Haiergu) one liang, Goat blood treated Tenghuang added to medicine. All ground into fine powder, refined honey made into pills the size of longan seeds, dried in shade, sealed with wax shell externally, taken with Sanbai wine.

Zhu's Effective Formula: Goat blood can detoxify poisonous mushrooms and pufferfish poison, as well as traumatic evil blood.

Treating smallpox with no pustules and failure to erupt. Jiyan Liangfang: Use three fen of genuine goat blood, mix with sweet fermented rice wine and take orally; pustules rise immediately.

Taiyi Divine Needle Formula: Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen) four liang, Radix Notoginseng (Sanqi) eight liang, Goat blood two liang, Radix Drynariae (Qiannianjian) one jin, Herba Siegesbeckiae (Zuandifeng) one jin, Cortex Cinnamomi (Rougui) one jin, Zanthoxyli Pericarpium (Chuanjiao) one jin, Resina Burserae (Ruxiang) one jin, Myrrha (Moyao) one jin, Squama Manis (Chuanshanjia) half jin, Fructus Foeniculi (Xiaohuixiang) one jin, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (Cangzhu) one jin, Folium Artemisiae Argyi (Qiai) four jin, Radix Glycyrrhizae (Gancao) two jin, Moschus (Shexiang) four liang, Radix Saposhnikoviae (Fangfeng) four jin; All above ground into fine powder. Use one layer of cotton paper and three layers of Gao square paper, cut paper width to 2.5 cun, length to 1 chi 2 cun. Spread the powder thinly on top. Each needle uses about seven or eight qian of powder. Roll tightly like a flower cracker, ensuring it is solid. Seal both ends with paper. Wrap exterior with printed cloth neatly. This needle treats all types of wind-dampness bi syndrome, cold-damp bone and tendon pain syndromes. When using, ignite the needle with fire, press on acupoints, or place several layers of new red cloth under the painful area and press the needle on top. If the fire is strong and cloth thin causing pain, add more layers. Must have three or four needles; replace when one cools. Insert seven needles consecutively, all effective immediately.

Treating Pharyngeal Tinea (Houxuan): Among throat diseases, this is the most lingering; prolonged leads to loss of voice, incurable. Zhongfu Tang Formula: Western Calculus Bovis (Xi Niuhuang) one fen, Genuine Goat blood two fen, Coptidis Rhizoma (Chuanlian) five fen, Succinum (Xuepo) three fen, Borneolum Syntheticum (Bingpian) one fen, Borax (Pengsha) one qian, Ash of Olea Europaea Fruit Core (Qingguohe Hui) three fen, Ash of Junci Medulla (Dengcao Hui) five fen. All ground into fine powder. For each tea spoon of medicine, use one tea spoon of honey, mix and place on tongue tip, swallow slowly. Five times a day, curable in two months; adding Ash of Prunus Mume (Yanyoumei Hui) is even better.

Ma's Magic Formula for Leg Torture (Jiagun) Jiyun Lvchao: Ma family market in Shandong has extremely effective leg torture medicine. Formula uses Bilis Viperis (Ranshedan) two qian, Goat blood one and a half qian, Succinum (Hupo) one qian, Seven large earthworms (Dilong) (cleaned of mud), Pearl (Zhenzhu) three fen, Cinnabar (Chensha) one qian, Catechu (Ercha) eight fen, Gold leaf (Jinbo) one sheet as coating. Ground into fine powder, honey-made pills the size of sesame seeds, coated with gold leaf. Take one and a half qian each time, down with good wine. If not using leg torture, cut the skin open, medicine flows out.

Treating Acute Heart Pain Jiyan Fang: Use one fen of goat blood, dissolve in burning wine and take.

Struck by Evil Spirits/Yi Gui *Yiling*: This syndrome is due to decline of Yang Qi and excess of Yin. Treatment requires urgent tonification of Yang to preserve righteous Qi, so Yin evil naturally pacifies. Even if treating phlegm, attention must be paid to tonifying righteousness as the root. Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen) two qian, Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui) six qian, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu) one liang, Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii (Changpu) two qian, Pinelliae Tuber (Banxia) three qian, Brassicae Semis Mustardae (Baijiezi) three qian, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix (Danshen) five qian, Spina Gleditsiae Sinensis (Zaocis Ci) five fen, Goat blood eight fen, Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi) one qian. This formula uses Goat blood and Spina Gleditsiae Sinensis as sacred items for opening orifices and unblocking, to clear the main path of evil influences; Banxia and Baijiezi eliminate cold-phlegm; without cold invasion, one will not be struck by ghosts; large dose of Renshen supports Yang; Yang generation extinguishes Yin, an unchangeable principle.

Jiuexian Dan *Shishi Milu*: This pill specifically saves the Five Extinctions and those possessed by evil spirits, fainting or suddenly collapsing for a moment; all can be force-fed to bring back the dead to life, truly extremely magical. Suitable to prepare on Dragon Boat Festival day for emergency use, greatly saving lives. Goat blood three qian, Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii (Changpu) two qian, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen) three qian, Carthami Flos (Honghua) one qian, Spina Gleditsiae Sinensis (Zaoci) one qian, Processed Pinelliae Tuber (Banxia) three qian, Perilla Leaf (Suye) two qian, Moschus (Shexiang) one qian. Each ground into powder, honey-made pills the size of longan pit, dissolved in wine and taken.

Author Zhao Xuemin's Note: Goat blood is best when produced in Yunnan, Guizhou, and Sichuan, because deep mountains there have many Radix Notoginseng (Sanqi) seedlings and other herbs for regulating blood and calming wind. Goats often eat them. Dong people chase and capture them. Goats are naturally swift and leaping, never stopping for a moment. Their blood runs from head to tail, rotating daily like flying. Being chased and hunted, their restless nature erupts, blood follows Qi movement, becoming exceptionally agile. Dong people capture them, pierce the heart with bamboo spear, and take blood; this is the premium grade. The blood forms strips, deep purple with luster. A small amount put in water rotates naturally like flying, retaining its agile nature. If caught by net and butchered with knife, the blood color is dull and stagnant, and does not rotate swiftly in water. Other provinces' production can also mimic Dong Miao methods of collective chasing to make them leap up and down, then puncture heart blood; this is acceptable but inferior to Yunnan/Guizhou goat blood. However, currently obtained goats everywhere are caught by nets or shot dead, then dissected for dead blood passed off as heart blood; thus potency is weak and nature slow. Some substitute other bloods, which are fake and useless. Therefore, the market is full of such goods asking high prices. Unless one has personally visited the region and gained true insight, do not use it.