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From Xin's account: This plant is produced in the Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions. Its leaves resemble those of *Bixie* (Dioscorea hypoglauca), growing three to four chi high. The rhizome resembles *Shouwu* (Polygonum multiflorum) but lacks ridges; the interior is white without striations, slightly resembling *Baqia* (Smilax glabra) but without a bitter taste. It has a neutral flavor and cool nature, dispels wind-dampness, and when combined with *Cangzhu* (Atractylodis Rhizoma) and *Danggui* (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), treats paralysis of the limbs and pain in the sinews and bones.

Li's Grass Secret records: The leaves of this herb resemble fingernails and grow between stone masonry at the foot of walls or on steps.

Wang An's Herb Gathering Method records: This herb climbs pine trees. It is also known as Fo Zhijia (Buddha's Fingernail) and Jisheng (Parasite). It treats various boils, toxic sores, and huodan (erysipelas). In cases where the head and face are swollen and the condition is critical, adding a small amount of Pixiao (refined Natrii Sulfas) and applying it as a poultice brings immediate cure. (Source: Li's Grass Secret.) For toothache, grinding the herb into powder and applying it to the affected area yields immediate results. (Source: Wang An's Method.)

Supplement on Lizhi Cao: Also known as Tu Xijiao (Earth Rhinoceros Horn) and Guo Dong Qing (Winter-Overing Green). It grows among field ridges. The leaves resemble those of *Tianmingjing* (Plantago asiatica) but are smaller, spreading along the ground without stems or branches. The leaves have fine white hairs, remain evergreen throughout the year, and produce small white flowers during snowy days. Additionally, Lizhi Cao is also named Xueliqing (Snow-in-Green). Baicao Jing states: The variety that blooms with small white flowers in snow is Guo Dong Qing. It sends up stems in March, bearing white flower spikes like *Xiakucao* (Prunella vulgaris) but hairy; this variety is named Xueliqing.

It tastes bitter and is extremely cold in nature. It clears heat and treats acute throat closure (acute pharyngeal obstruction); administering its juice by force-feeding yields significant effects.

Wang Shi's Verified Formula states: It can circulate through the Upper Jiao (Upper Burner), treating swelling and pain, and dissipating stagnation caused by wind-fire. Hemoptysis: Use the root of Xueliqing, layering it with slices of lean pork, simmering lightly in white wine until soft, and consuming it. Fei Wei (Lung Atrophy): Juice extracted from Xueliqing, mixed evenly with honey, taken in two doses daily, five to seven times per day, leads to complete recovery within seven days. Toothache: Hold the juice of crushed Xueliqing in the painful area, then swallow a small amount mixed with wine. Hemorrhoids: Wash the affected area with a decoction of Xueliqing. Throat insufflation: Mix one liang of Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), five qian of Xueliqing, and three fen of Bingpian (Borneolum Syntheticum) into powder. Insufflate into the throat or nostrils. Lung Abscess: Ji Xiao Fang (Collection of Effective Formulas) states: Administer the juice of crushed Xueliqing mixed with wine for immediate effect. Huang Yuyan states: For critical cases of lung abscess and lung atrophy, the first choice is to administer the juice of Xueliqing; inducing vomiting of pus is particularly excellent. Treatment for single or double e-mei (tonsillitis): Crush the pods of Muluan (Ficus pumila inflorescence) and the roots/leaves of Xueliqing to extract juice. Boil rice vinegar, then mix it with the extracted juice. Swish a small amount in the mouth and spit out; recovery follows immediately.