山樱桃
今人常用以洗疹 ，服之亦发透 痘，以其得春气早，而性热善达表也。纲目不载，岂
以发
风热故耶。逢原云∶樱桃核今人用以升发麻斑，力能助火，大非所宜，春夏时尤忌入药。用
山樱桃核佳。
发麻疹 痘，灭斑痕冻瘃。
出痘喉哑 王永光方∶用甜樱桃核二十枚，砂锅内焙黄色，煎汤服。
眼皮生瘤 医学指南∶樱桃核水搽之，其瘤渐渐自消。
纲目载其治反胃、消渴、泻血，此外无他，不知其能解参之力，胜于莱菔，故急录之。
杨春崖验方∶解人参，栗子壳煎汤服之，良。
沙角
乃小菱也。生杭西湖，里六桥一带多有之，以其四角尖如针芒刺手，故名。春尽时，儿
童采
取入市货卖。菱生水中，根苗与大菱不殊，其叶下有气管，故其性通肝肾。凡一切病多忌生
冷，惟此菱不忌，最能开胃生津。其菱大者如蚕豆，小者如黄豆，味绝鲜美，虽至秋老，亦
不甚大，盖地土使然，诚水仙佳种也。 陈 花镜∶一种最小而四角有刺者，曰刺菱，野生
，非人所植，花紫色，人曝其实为菱米，可以点茶。
味甘鲜，性平无毒，生食补脾健胃，止渴生津，平肝气通肾水，益血消食。老者煎食，
健脾止泄痢。
根 利水通淋。
Shan Yingtao (Mountain Cherry)
Currently, people often use it to wash rashes; taking it internally can also promote the eruption of smallpox lesions. This is because it absorbs the Qi of spring early and has a hot nature that readily reaches the exterior. It is not recorded in *Bencao Gangmu* (Compendium of Materia Medica); perhaps this is because it may induce wind-heat? *Fengyuan* states: "Cherry pits are currently used by people to promote the eruption of measles spots. Their power can assist fire, which is highly inappropriate, especially during spring and summer when they should be avoided in prescriptions. Using the pits of Shan Yingtao (Mountain Cherry) is superior."
Efficacy: Promotes the eruption of measles and smallpox; eliminates scar marks, frostbite, and chilblains.
Hoarseness during Smallpox Eruption (Formula of Wang Yongguang): Use twenty sweet cherry pits, roast them until yellow in a clay pot, decoct in water, and take orally.
Eyelid Tumors (*Yixue Zhinan* / Medical Guide): Apply water extracted from cherry pits to the affected area; the tumor will gradually disappear on its own.
[Note: The original text contains apparent structural disarray or missing sections here. The phrase "Has hairs, distinct from cherries" and subsequent content regarding chestnuts appear to belong to a different entry but are placed sequentially in the provided text. The translation follows the provided sequence strictly.]
[Continuing from previous text]
This plant has hairs and is a different species from cherries.
Taste is acrid and neutral but inferior; it stops intestinal dysentery, clears heat, and harmonizes the middle jiao.
*Bencao Gangmu* records its ability to treat regurgitation, Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst), and bloody stool, with no other functions mentioned. It is unknown that it can counteract the efficacy of Ginseng, surpassing Radish seeds (Laifu), hence it is recorded hastily.
Empirical Formula of Yang Chunya: To counteract Ginseng, decoct chestnut shells in water and take orally; this is effective.
Sha Jiao (Small Water Caltrop)
It refers to small water caltrops. They grow in West Lake, Hangzhou, and are abundant around Li Liu Bridge. They are named so because their four corners are sharp like needle points that prick the hand. At the end of spring, children collect them to sell in the market. Water caltrops grow in water; their roots, stems, and leaves are similar to large water caltrops. They have air tubes under their leaves, thus their nature can unblock the Liver and Kidney meridians. Generally, all diseases contraindicate raw and cold foods, but this water caltrop is an exception; it is best at stimulating appetite and generating fluids. The larger ones are like broad beans, and the smaller ones like soybeans. Their taste is extremely fresh and delicious. Even when old in autumn, they do not grow very large, likely due to the soil conditions; they are indeed a fine variety of water nymphs. Chen Haozi's *Huajing* (Flower Mirror) records: "A type that is smallest with four spiny corners is called Ci Ling (Spiny Caltrop). It is wild, not cultivated. Its flowers are purple. People dry its fruits as caltrop rice, which can be used for tea."
Taste is sweet and fresh; nature is neutral and non-toxic. Eating raw tonifies the Spleen and strengthens the Stomach, stops thirst, generates fluids, pacifies Liver Qi, unblocks Kidney water, benefits blood, and aids digestion. Decocted and eaten when mature, it strengthens the Spleen and stops dysentery.
Roots: Promote urination and relieve strangury.