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*Bai Cao Jing* records: It is commonly known as "Iron-edged Winnowing Basket" (Tiebian Ji), found in mountains and fields everywhere. The leaves resemble those of *Asparagus cochinchinensis* (Tianmendong) or *Smilax glabra* (Tufuling), but are slightly narrower. It is a vine, growing on stone walls, trees, or in bamboo forests; it is not *Lygodium japonicum* (Haijinsha). Its root is black with fine thorns on both sides resembling the edge of a winnowing basket, hence the name. The root is used medicinally. Zhao Xuemin notes: Currently, it is commonly used to treat all kinds of throat conditions. "Jinsuo Yinkai" actually refers to the root of *Fagopyrum dibotrys* (Tianqiaomai), shaped like accumulated pills, clumped together. Those produced on mountains have yellow skin; those in muddy soil have black skin. This differs from what *Bai Cao Jing* describes; perhaps they share the same name but are different substances?

Li's *Caomi* records: Tianqiaomai is also named Jinsuo Yinkai. Its shape resembles buckwheat. It treats breast abscesses (Ruyong) and wind-toxins. When added to various dispersing and detoxifying powders, take 2 fen of the root and 1 fen of fresh ginger (*Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens*), decoct in water and take orally for cure. It is effective for chronic illnesses due to blood stasis and for washing hemorrhoidal bleeding.

Li's *Caomi* further states: The vines of Xiaoqingcao have backward-pointing prickles, fine as rice awns. It bears pink flowers and fruit resembling "Lanzi". The leaves look like buckwheat leaves. Also called wild buckwheat (Yeqiaomai), it is a sacred medicine for decocting and washing fistulas (Zhilou). For treating cloudy urine (Baizhuo), use the root, crush to extract juice, and mix with wine for oral administration.

Treating Wind-Fire in the Throat: Sun Yuting says: The root of this plant specifically treats throat closure (Houbi), which is how it got its name. For throat wind (Houfeng) and throat toxins, grind with vinegar and gargle/swallow to remove saliva and phlegm, thereby relieving throat closure. For phlegma nodules (Tanhé), scrofula (Luoli), and any type of early-stage tubercles, it is applicable. Secret Formula of Chen Mansion in Lianghu: Use fresh Jinsuo Yinkai, crush to extract juice, and mix with wine for oral administration. Boil the stems and leaves in plain water until soft, mix with rice flour to make cakes/biscuits, and eat them. Within two or three doses, the condition will resolve immediately. If the sore is ulcerated, use the tail of "Wulong on the Beam" (Liangshang Wulong), rub off coarse debris, insert into the wound, apply an external plaster externally, while simultaneously taking root juice and eating the cakes five to six times. The wound will naturally scab over and heal.

For washing fistulas and treating snake bites and "wood snake" toxicity, crush to extract juice and mix with wine for oral administration (from *Caomi*).

Wang Lianshi's *Caiyao Shu* records: Jin Xu Diao, commonly called Jinsuo Yinkai. Its seedlings are flexible yet tough and unbreakable. It is now known as Xiangmao. It has the power to soften hardness and dissipate masses (Pi). Mixed with rice vinegar and crushed to extract juice for gargling, it can unlock "Chanting Throat Wind" (Chanhou Feng). Even dried roots can penetrate and relieve throat-locking conditions.