（宋《开宝》）
【释名】冬风。
志曰∶此菜先春而生，故有东风之号。一作冬风，言得冬气也。
【集解】志曰∶东风菜生岭南平泽。茎高二、三尺，叶似杏叶而长，极浓软，上有细毛，
煮食甚美。
时珍曰∶按∶裴渊《广州记》云∶东风菜，花、叶似落妊娠，茎紫。宜肥肉作羹食，香
气似马兰，味如酪。
【气味】甘，寒，无毒。
【主治】风毒壅热，头痛目眩，肝热眼赤，堪入羹 食（《开宝》）。
（《别录》上品）
【释名】护生草。
时珍曰∶荠生济泽，故谓之荠。释家取其茎作挑灯杖，可辟蚁、蛾，谓之护生草，云能
护众生也。
【集解】
普曰∶荠生野中。
弘景曰∶荠类甚多，此是今人所食者。叶作菹、羹亦佳。《诗》云∶谁谓荼苦，其甘如
荠，是也。
时珍曰∶荠有大、小数种。小荠叶花茎扁，味美。其最细小者，名沙荠也。大荠科、叶
皆大，而味不及。其茎硬有毛者，名菥 ，味不甚佳。并以冬至后生苗，二、三月起茎五、
六寸。开细白花，整整如一。结荚如小萍，而有三角。荚内细子，如葶苈子。其子名 （音
嵯），四月收之。师旷云∶岁欲甘，甘草先生，荠是也。菥 、葶苈皆是荠类。葶苈见草部
隰草类。
【气味】甘，温，无毒。
【主治】利肝和中（《别录》）。利五脏。根∶治目痛（大明）。明目益胃（时珍）。根、
叶∶烧灰，治赤白痢极效（甄权）。
【附方】旧一，新二。
暴赤眼，痛胀碜涩∶荠菜根杵汁滴之。（《圣惠》）。
眼生翳膜∶荠菜和根、茎、叶洗净，焙干为细末。每夜卧时先洗眼，挑末米许，安两大
头。涩痛忍之，久久膜自落也。（《圣济总录》）。
肿满腹大，四肢枯瘦，尿涩∶用甜葶苈（炒）、荠菜根等分，为末，炼蜜丸弹子大。每
服一丸，陈皮汤下。只二、三丸，小便清；十余丸，腹如故。（《三因》）
实 普曰∶五月五日采，阴干。
士良曰∶亦名菥 子。四月八日收之，良。
周王曰∶饥岁采子，水调成块，煮粥、作饼甚粘滑。
【气味】甘，平，无毒。
权曰∶患气人食之，动冷疾。
诜曰∶不与面同食，令人背闷。服丹石人不可食。
【主治】∶明目，目痛（《别录》）。
青盲不见物，补五脏不足（甄权）。治腹胀（吴普）。去风毒邪气，治壅去翳，解热毒。
久服，视物鲜明（士良）。
花
【主治】布席下，辟虫。又辟蚊、蛾（士良）。
阴干研末，枣汤日服二钱，治久痢（大明）。
(Song Dynasty *Kaibao Bencao*)
[Names] Dongfeng (Winter Wind).
Tao Hongjing stated: This vegetable grows before spring, hence the name "Dongfeng" (East Wind). It is also written as "Dongfeng" (Winter Wind), indicating it receives the Qi of winter.
[Collected Explanations] Tao Hongjing stated: Dongfeng vegetable grows in the plains and marshes of Lingnan. The stem is two to three chi high; the leaves resemble apricot leaves but are longer, extremely dense and soft, with fine hairs on the surface. It is delicious when boiled and eaten.
Li Shizhen stated: According to Pei Yuan's *Guangzhou Ji*: Dongfeng vegetable has flowers and leaves resembling *Luorenshen* (a plant), with a purple stem. It is suitable for making soup with fatty meat; its aroma resembles that of *Malan* (*Kalimeris indica*), and its taste is like cheese.
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, cold, non-toxic.
[Indications] Wind-toxin stagnation causing heat, headache and dizziness, liver-heat causing red eyes. It can be added to soups for consumption (*Kaibao Bencao*).
(*Mingyi Bielu*, Upper Grade)
[Names] Husheng Cao (Life-Protecting Grass).
Li Shizhen stated: *Ji* (Shepherd's purse) grows near the Ji River and marshes, hence the name "Ji". Buddhists use its stems as wick-trimmers, which can repel ants and moths, calling it "Husheng Cao" (Life-Protecting Grass), claiming it protects all sentient beings.
[Collected Explanations]
Su Gong stated: *Ji* grows in the wild.
Tao Hongjing stated: There are many varieties of *Ji*; this is the kind currently consumed by people. Its leaves make good pickles or soup. The *Classic of Poetry* says: "Who says the bitter tea is harsh? Its sweetness is like *Ji*," referring to this plant.
Li Shizhen stated: There are several large and small varieties of *Ji*. Small *Ji* has flat leaves, flowers, and stems, and tastes delicious. The smallest variety is named Shaqi (Sand *Ji*). Large *Ji* has larger stems and leaves but inferior taste. The variety with hard, hairy stems is named Ximing, with a less desirable taste. They all sprout after the Winter Solstice, sending up stems five to six cun high in the second and third lunar months. They produce small white flowers, neat and uniform. The pods resemble duckweed but have three angles. The seeds inside are fine, resembling Tingli seeds (*Descurainiae Semen*). These seeds are named Jili (pronounced "Cuo"), harvested in the fourth month. Shi Kuang said: "When the year desires sweetness, Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix*) grows first; so does *Ji*." Ximing and Tingli are both varieties of *Ji*. Tingli is found in the Herb Section, Wetland Herbs category.
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] Benefits the Liver and harmonizes the Middle Jiao (*Mingyi Bielu*). Benefits the Five Zang organs. Roots: Treat eye pain (Meng Shen). Brightens the eyes and benefits the Stomach (Li Shizhen). Roots and leaves: Burned to ash, highly effective for treating dysentery with blood and pus (Zhen Quan).
[Attached Prescriptions] One old prescription, two new prescriptions.
Sudden red eyes, painful swelling and grittiness: Crush the roots of Shepherd's purse (*Ji Cai*) and drip the juice into the eyes (*Taiping Shenghui Fang*).
Eye cataracts/membranes: Wash Shepherd's purse including roots, stems, and leaves, dry them by baking, and grind into fine powder. Before bed each night, wash the eyes first, then insert a grain-sized amount of powder into both eyes. Endure the astringency and pain; over time, the membrane will naturally fall off (*Shengji Zonglu*).
Abdominal distension with large belly, emaciated limbs, and difficult urination: Use equal parts of Tian Tingli (fried) and Shepherd's purse roots, grind into powder, and make pills with refined honey the size of tung nuts. Take one pill per dose, washed down with Chenpi decoction (*Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium* decoction). After only two or three pills, urine becomes clear; after more than ten pills, the abdomen returns to normal (*Sanyin Fang*).
Fruits (Seeds)
Su Gong stated: Harvest on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, dry in the shade.
Chen Shiliang stated: Also called Ximing Zi. Harvest on the eighth day of the fourth lunar month; efficacy is good.
King Zhou stated: In years of famine, harvest the seeds, mix with water to form blocks, and cook into porridge or make cakes; they are very sticky and smooth.
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, neutral, non-toxic.
Zhen Quan stated: For those with Qi deficiency, consuming it may trigger cold diseases.
Meng Shen stated: Do not eat with wheat flour products, as it causes back oppression. Those taking Dan Shi (mineral pills) should not consume it.
[Indications] Brightens the eyes, treats eye pain (*Mingyi Bielu*).
For blindness (Qingmang) where objects cannot be seen, tonifies deficiencies of the Five Zang organs (Zhen Quan). Treats abdominal distension (Wu Pu). Expels wind-toxin and evil Qi, treats stagnation and removes membranes, resolves heat-toxin. Long-term consumption makes vision bright and clear (Chen Shiliang).
Flowers
[Indications] Place under mats to repel insects. Also repels mosquitoes and moths (Chen Shiliang).
Dry in the shade, grind into powder, take two qian daily with jujube decoction to treat chronic dysentery (Meng Shen).