（《唐本草》）
【释名】
【集解】恭曰∶姜黄根叶都似郁金。其花春生于根，与苗并出，入夏花烂无子。根有黄
、青、白三色。其作之方法，与郁金同。西戎人谓之
生异耳。
藏器曰∶姜黄真者，是经种三年以上老姜，能生花。花在根际，一如 荷。根节坚硬，
气味辛辣。种姜处有之，终是难得。西番亦有来者。与郁金、 药相似。如苏恭所说，即是
药而非姜黄。又言姜黄是 ，郁金是胡 。如此则三物无别，递相连名，总称为 ，则功
状当不殊。而今郁金味苦寒，色赤，主马热病；姜黄味辛温，色黄； 味苦色青。三物不同，
所用各别。
大明曰∶海南生者，即蓬莪术；江南生者，即为姜黄。
颂曰∶姜黄今江、广、蜀川多有之。叶青绿，长一、二尺许，阔三、四寸，有斜纹如红
蕉叶而小。花红白色，至中秋渐凋。春末方生，其花先生，次方生叶，不结实。根盘屈黄色，
类生姜而圆，有节。八月采根，片切曝干。蜀人以治气胀，及产后败血攻心，甚验。蛮
人生啖，云可以祛邪辟恶。按郁金、姜黄、术药三物相近，苏恭不能分别，乃如一物。陈
藏器以色味色味分别三物，又言姜黄是三年老姜所生。近年汴都多种姜，往往有姜黄生卖乃
是老姜。市人买啖，云治气为最。大方亦时用之。又有廉姜，亦是其类，而自是一物。
时珍曰∶近时以扁如干姜形者，为片子姜黄；圆如蝉腹形者，为蝉肚郁金，并可浸水染
色。术形虽似郁金，而色不黄也。
根
【气味】辛、苦，大寒，无毒。
藏器曰∶辛少苦多，性热不冷。云大寒，误矣。
【主治】心腹结积疰忤，下气破血，除风热，消痈肿，功力烈于郁金（《唐本》）。治症
瘕血块，通月经，治扑损瘀血，止暴风痛冷气，下食（大明）。祛邪辟恶，治气胀，产后败
血攻心（苏颂）。治风痹臂痛（时
【发明】时珍曰∶姜黄、郁金、术药三物，形状功用皆相近。但郁金入心治血；而姜黄
兼入脾，兼治气；术药则入肝，兼治气中之血，为不同尔。古方五痹汤用片子姜黄，治
风寒湿气手臂痛。戴原礼《要诀》云∶片子姜黄能入手臂治痛，其兼理血中之气可知。
【附方】旧二，新二。
心痛难忍 姜黄一两，桂三两。为末。醋汤服一钱。（《经验后方》）胎寒腹痛，啼哭吐
乳，大便泻青，状若惊搐，出冷汗。姜黄一钱，没药、木香、乳香二钱。为末，蜜丸芡子大。
每服一丸，钩藤煎汤化下。（《和剂方》）产后血痛有块。用姜黄、桂心等分，为末，酒服方
寸匕。血下尽即愈。（昝殷《产宝》）
(From *Tang Bencao*)
[Names]
(None)
[Collected Explanations]
Su Gong said: The roots and leaves of Curcuma aromatica (Jianghuang) resemble those of Curcuma wenyujin (Yujin). Its flowers sprout from the root in spring, emerging together with the shoots; by summer, the flowers wither and do not produce seeds. The roots come in three colors: yellow, green, and white. The method of processing is the same as that for Yujin. People in the Western Regions call it E Zhu (Curcuma zedoaria), differing only in name.
Chen Cangqi said: True Jianghuang is produced from old ginger planted for more than three years, which can flower. The flowers appear near the root, resembling lotus flowers. The root joints are hard, with a pungent and spicy aroma. It grows in places where ginger is cultivated but is ultimately difficult to obtain. It is also imported from Xifan. It resembles Yujin and E Zhu. If it is as Su Gong described, then it is E Zhu rather than Jianghuang. He further stated that Jianghuang is "E" and Yujin is "Hu E". If this were true, these three substances would be indistinguishable, linked by name, and collectively called "E", implying their therapeutic effects should be identical. However, current Yujin is bitter and cold in nature, red in color, and treats heat diseases in horses; Jianghuang is pungent and warm, yellow in color; E Zhu is bitter and green in color. These three differ, and their applications are distinct.
Meng Shen said: Those growing in Hainan are Peng E Zhu (Curcuma phaeocaulis); those growing in Jiangnan are Jianghuang.
Su Song said: Currently, Jianghuang is abundant in Jiang, Guang, and Sichuan regions. The leaves are dark green, about one to two chi long and three to four cun wide, with diagonal veins like those of red banana leaves but smaller. The flowers are red and white, gradually fading by the Mid-Autumn Festival. They emerge in late spring, flowering before leafing out, and do not bear fruit. The roots are coiled and yellowish, resembling fresh ginger but rounder, with nodes. Roots are harvested in August, sliced, and dried in the sun. People in Shu use it to treat abdominal distension due to qi stagnation and postpartum blood stasis attacking the heart, with excellent results. Barbarians eat it raw, claiming it dispels evil influences. Regarding Yujin, Jianghuang, and E Zhu, these three are similar; Su Gong failed to distinguish them, treating them as one substance. Chen Cangqi distinguished them by color and taste, stating Jianghuang comes from three-year-old ginger. Recently, in Bianjing, ginger is widely cultivated, and often Jianghuang appears for sale, which is actually old ginger. Market buyers consume it, claiming it is most effective for treating qi disorders. Large prescriptions also use it occasionally. There is also Lian Jiang, which is of the same category but constitutes a separate entity.
Li Shizhen said: In recent times, those flat and shaped like dried ginger are called Pianzi Jianghuang (sliced Jianghuang); those round like cicada abdomens are called Chandu Yujin (cicada-belly Yujin). Both can be used to dye water. Although E Zhu resembles Yujin in shape, its color is not yellow.
Root
[Properties and Flavor]
Pungent, bitter, very cold, non-toxic.
Chen Cangqi said: It has less pungency and more bitterness, with a hot nature rather than cold. Describing it as very cold is incorrect.
[Therapeutic Actions]
Treats accumulations and fixed masses in the chest and abdomen caused by pathogenic factors (Zhu Wu), promotes the downward movement of qi, breaks blood stasis, clears wind-heat, reduces carbuncles and swellings; its potency is stronger than that of Yujin (*Tang Bencao*). Treats mass formations and blood clots, unblocks menstruation, treats traumatic blood stasis, relieves sudden severe pain and cold qi, aids digestion (Meng Shen). Dispels evil influences, treats abdominal distension, and postpartum blood stasis attacking the heart (Su Song). Treats bi-syndrome causing arm pain (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation]
Li Shizhen said: Jianghuang, Yujin, and E Zhu have similar shapes and functions. However, Yujin enters the Heart meridian to treat blood disorders; Jianghuang additionally enters the Spleen meridian and treats qi disorders; E Zhu enters the Liver meridian and treats blood within the qi. This is their difference. The ancient formula Wubi Tang uses Pianzi Jianghuang to treat arm pain caused by wind-cold-dampness. Dai Yuanli in *Yaojue* stated: Pianzi Jianghuang can enter the arms to treat pain, indicating it can regulate qi within the blood.
[Attached Prescriptions] Two old, two new.
Severe heart pain: Curcuma aromatica (Jianghuang) 1 liang, Cinnamomum cassia (Guizhi) 3 liang. Grind into powder. Take 1 qian with vinegar-infused water (*Jingyan Houfang*).
Fetal cold causing abdominal pain, crying, vomiting milk, green diarrhea, symptoms resembling convulsions, and cold sweats. Curcuma aromatica (Jianghuang) 1 qian, Myrrha (Moyao), Aquilaria sinensis (Muxiang), and Boswellia carterii (Ruxiang) 2 qian each. Grind into powder, form pills the size of an Indian chestnut using honey. Take one pill per dose, dissolved in Hookvine (Gouteng) decoction (*Heji Jufang*).
Postpartum blood pain with masses. Use equal parts of Curcuma aromatica (Jianghuang) and Cinnamomum cassia heartwood (Guixin), grind into powder, take with wine. Recovery occurs when the blood stasis is fully expelled (Zan Yin, *Chanbao*).