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(Named in the "Lower Category" of *Bie Lu*)
[Correction] Combined with the bark of Zhaji Wood from *Hai Yao Ben Cao* and the branches and leaves of Nanmu from *Shi Yi*.
[Names] (The character "Nan" is identical in meaning to "Zhang").
Li Shizhen states:
[Collected Explanations] Su Gong cites Chen Cangqi saying: The tree is tall and robust, with leaves resembling mulberry, growing in the mountains of the South.
Su Gong cites Su Gong saying: Nanmu timber is currently used for shipbuilding in Jiangnan; its wood is hard and resistant to water damage. Over time, the center becomes hollow and is bored by white moths.
Li Shizhen states: Nanmu grows in the South, particularly abundant in the mountains of Guizhou and Shu. The trunk grows straight upward, with a dense canopy resembling a carriage cover, and branches and leaves do not obstruct each other.
The leaves resemble those of Yuzhang (Camphora), but are as large as ox ears, pointed at one end, evergreen, with new and old leaves replacing each other annually. The flowers are reddish-yellow. The fruits resemble cloves, are green, and inedible. The trunk is very upright and majestic; tall specimens reach over ten zhang, and thick ones have dozens of circumferences. It has a strong fragrance and is excellent for beams, pillars, and utensils, making it a fine timber. Reddish wood is hard; whitish wood is brittle. The part near the root, aged and sun-exposed, forms patterns resembling landscapes or flora, commonly called "Toubai Nan," suitable for making utensils.
Nanmu Timber
[Properties and Flavors] Pungent, slightly warm, non-toxic. Chen Cangqi says: Bitter, warm, non-toxic.
Da Ming says: Hot, slightly toxic.
[Indications] For cholera with incessant vomiting and diarrhea, decoct and drink the juice (*Bie Lu*).
[Prescriptions] Three new prescriptions.
Edema starting from the feet: Peel Nanmu and Tung wood, decoct in water, soak the feet, and drink a small amount. Do this daily (*Zhou Hou Fang*).
Heart distension and abdominal pain, unable to vomit or defecate: Take three to four liang of peeled Nanmu, add three sheng of water, boil for three boils, and drink (*Sheng Hui Fang*).
Pus discharging from the ear: Burn Nanmu, grind into powder, and insert using a cotton swab (*Sheng Hui Fang*).
Nanmu Bark
[Properties and Flavors] Bitter, warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] For cholera with vomiting and diarrhea, infant regurgitation, warming the stomach and supporting healthy qi; all should be taken as a decoction (Li).

(*Shi Yi*)
[Names] Li Shizhen states: Because its wood grain features many patterns, it is called Zhang.
[Collected Explanations] Chen Cangqi says: Ships in Jiangdong are often made of Camphor wood. The county name "Yuzhang" derives from this tree.
Li Shizhen states: It is found in valleys throughout the Southwest. The tree is over one zhang high. The small leaves resemble Nanmu but are sharper and longer, with yellow-red down on the back, remaining evergreen. Small flowers bloom in summer, producing small fruits. Large trees require several people to embrace; the texture is fine and interlaced with patterns, suitable for carving, with a strong aromatic odor. "Yu" and "Zhang" were originally names of two different trees, belonging to one category but two species. "Yu" refers to Diaozhang, see the following entry.
Camphor Timber
[Properties and Flavors] Pungent, warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] For evil qi causing sudden collapse, heart and abdominal pain, ghostly afflictions (Gui Zhu), cholera with abdominal distension, indigestion of retained food, frequent vomiting of sour and foul water; decoct with wine and take. In places without other medicines, it can be used as a substitute. Decocted water can be used to bathe tinea pedis (Hong Kong foot), scabies, tinea, and wind-induced itching. Made into shoes...
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen states: For cholera and dry cholera requiring emesis, decoct Camphor wood chips into a concentrated juice to induce vomiting; this is very effective. Also, for those who appear dead from evil qi invasion, smoke them with burning Camphor wood until they regain consciousness, then administer medicine. This is because this substance is pungent, acrid, and aromatic, capable of dispelling dampness and warding off evil.
[Prescriptions] One new prescription.
Gout in hands and feet, cold pain like being bitten by a tiger: Use one dou of Camphor wood chips and one shi of fast-flowing water. Boil vigorously, soak the affected foot while hot, and steam the foot over the bucket. Surround with grass mats to prevent steam from entering the eyes. The effect is rapid; this is a family-prescribed empirical formula (Yu Tun, *Yixue Zhengzhuan*).
Camphor Knots
[Indications] Windy Gui Shi and evil spirits (Li Shizhen).
[Prescriptions] One new prescription.
Sanmu Jie San: Treats wind-lao, pale or bluish complexion, heaviness in limbs and joints, pain in the back, alternating chills and fever, irritability or anger, loss of appetite despite hunger, and parasitic erosion, presenting diverse symptoms. Human skull cap (roasted with butter, powdered) 2 liang, Calculatio Bovis (Niuhuang) and Calcinatio Numinis (Renzhongbai, calcined) each 0.5 liang, Moschus (Shexiang) 2 qian, all ground into powder.
Separately, grind Camphor knots, Gleditsia sinensis knots, and Sophora japonica knots into powders, 5 liang each. Take 3 qian of these knot powders, add one sheng of water, decoct to half a sheng, strain, and mix with 1 qian of the previously prepared powder. Administer orally in one dose during the fifth watch (early morning). Expelling parasites is ideal (*Sheng Hui Fang*).