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(Recorded in the Lower Grade of *Bie Lu*)
[Correction] Merged with "Zhen Cai" (Pillow Wood) from *Shi Yi*.
[Names] Wu Zhang (Hong Jing), KT
Shizhen said: There are two types of camphor trees, large and small, with purple and pale colors. This refers to the smaller type. According to Zheng Qiao's *Tong Zhi*: Diaozhang is also a type of camphor tree, which is what *Er Ya* calls "KT, wu ci" (fine texture without flaws). Furthermore, Sima Xiangru's fu mentions: "KT, Nan, Yu, Zhang". Yan Shigu's annotation states: Yu is Zhenmu (Pillow Wood), and Zhang is Zhangmu (Camphor Wood). These two woods can only be distinguished after growing for seven years. From this, Yu corresponds to the Diaozhang mentioned in *Bie Lu*. Its root smells like Wuyao, hence the alternative name Wuzhang.
[Collection of Explanations] Hongjing said: Diaozhang grows in Guiyang, Shaoling, and other places, also called Wuzhang.
Gong said: It grows in the deep valleys of Chenzhou. The tree is over one zhang high. The leaves resemble Nan leaves but are sharper and longer, with red hairs on the back, similar to the hairs on the back of Loquat leaves (*Eriobotryae Folium*). The root bark is harvested in August and September and dried.
Bing said: The root smells like Wuyao.
Cangqi said: Zhen grows in the valleys of Nanhai. It is used to make KT boats, ranked below Camphor wood.
Root Bark
[Aroma and Flavor] Pungent, Warm, Non-toxic.
[Indications] For stopping bleeding from metal wounds, scrape the powder and apply externally; very effective (*Bie Lu*). Grind and take internally to treat Huoluan (Cholera-like disease) (Bing). Treat Ben Tun (Rushing Pig syndrome), Hongjiao (Foot Qi / Beriberi), and edema by decocting and drinking. It can also be used for bathing sores, scabies, tinea, and wind-induced pruritus, ground into powder for external application (Daming).
Stems and Leaves
[Indications] Placed on the door to ward off epidemic qi (Bing).

(Song Dynasty *Kaibao Bencao*)
[Names] Pangqi (*Shi Yi*),
Shizhen said: Named "Wu" (Black) for its color. Its leaves resemble crucian carp, hence commonly called [Fish-shaped] tree. *Shi Yi* writes it as "Pangqi", which is a dialectal phonetic error. Southerners also call it Aizhang (Dwarf Camphor) because its aroma resembles camphor.
[Collection of Explanations] Cangqi said: Wuyao grows in Lingnan, Yongzhou, Rongzhou, and Jiangnan. The tree resembles tea, over one zhang high. Each leaf cluster has three branches, green on top and white underneath. The root resembles Shan Shaoyao (Mountain Peony Root) and Wuzhang, black-brown in color, with patterns resembling chariot hubs, growing horizontally. Harvest roots in August. Straight roots are not suitable for use.
Song said: Now found in Taizhou, Leizhou, and Hengzhou, with those from Tiantai being superior. The wood resembles tea, five to seven chi high. Leaves are slightly round and pointed, green above, white below, with veins. Small yellow-white flowers bloom in April and May. Fruits form in June. Roots vary greatly in size, resembling Diaozhang roots. However, there are two types: those from Lingnan are black-brown and hard; those from Tiantai are white and spongy. Both are harvested in August. Roots with hub-like patterns and bead-like shapes are best. Some say Tiantai ones have a pleasant white fragrance but lack the potency of Hainan ones. Cheng said: The world considers Tiantai superior. Compared with those from Hongzhou and Hengzhou, Tiantai ones have inferior fragrance and efficacy. They are merely reddish in flesh and slightly smaller. Shizhen said: Very abundant in the mountains of Wu and Chu, often used as firewood. Roots and leaves are aromatic, but roots are not large, only as big as Shaoyao. Young seeds are green when raw and purple when ripe, with extremely thin shells. The kernel is aromatic and bitter.
Root
[Aroma and Flavor] Pungent, Warm, Non-toxic.
Haogu said: Aroma is stronger than flavor, belonging to Yang. Enters the Foot Yangming and Foot Shaoyin meridians.
[Indications] Treats sudden evil heart-ache and abdominal pain, Gu poison, Zhu-wu ghost qi, indigestion of retained food, epidemic miasma, cold qi attacking the back and spine from between the bladder and kidney, women's blood and qi disorders, and various worms in children's abdomens (Cangqi). Treats all qi stagnation and dispels all cold. Effective for Huoluan, regurgitation, vomiting, diarrhea, dysentery, carbuncles, boils, scabies, and leprosy. Resolves both heat and cold conditions; its merits cannot be fully listed. Can be ground and taken for various diseases in cats and dogs (Daming). Regulates Yuan Qi (Haogu). Treats Zhong Qi (Middle Qi disorder), Hongjiao, hernia, Qi Jue headache, swelling, asthma, urgency, frequent urination, and leukorrhea (Shizhen).
[Invention/Analysis] Zong said: Wuyao has a mild nature, enters slowly, and disperses extensively, but is not overly harsh. When ground together with Chenxiang (Aquilaria Wood) and taken as a decoction, it effectively treats cold qi in the chest and abdomen.
Shizhen said: Wuyao is pungent, warm, aromatic, and penetrating, capable of dispersing various qi stagnations. Therefore, in *Huimin Heji Jufang*, Wuyao Shunqi San is used for stroke and middle-qi syndromes to first soothe the qi; once qi flows smoothly, wind dissipates. In Yan Yonghe's *Jisheng Fang*, Simo Tang is used for emotional depression causing upper body asthma and urgency; it descends while ascending, drains while tonifying. The formula grinds Ren Shen (Ginseng), Wuyao, Chenxiang, and Binglang (Areca Seed) into thick juices, mixes them, and drinks slowly. In *Zhu Shi Jiyan Fang*, Suoquan Wan treats frequent urination due to deficiency-cold by combining Wuyao with Yizhi Zi (Alpinia Oxyphylla Fruit) in equal parts to enter the Yangming and Shaoyin meridians (see Yizhi Zi under Herbs).
[Attached Formulas] Eleven new formulas.
Wuchen Tang: Treats all qi stagnation and cold, tonifies five zang organs, regulates middle, strengthens yang, warms waist and knees, expels evil qi, cold wind numbness, cold qi between bladder and kidney attacking the back/spine causing difficulty bending/straightening, wind-water toxic swelling, vomiting/diarrhea with tendon twitching, mass/stabbing pain, sudden evil heart/abdominal pain, ghost qi/Zhu-wu, epidemic miasma, and women's blood/qi pain. Use 100 liang of Tiantai Wuyao, 50 liang of Chenxiang, 3 liang of Ren Shen, 4 liang of Gancao (Honey-fried), grind to powder. Take half a qian each time, mixed with ginger-salt water on an empty stomach (*Heji Jufang*). All Qi Pain: Regardless of gender, for cold qi, blood qi, Fei qi, Xiben qi, Fulian qi, Bentun qi, seizing heart with severe pain, cold sweat, gasping for breath. Use Tiantai Wuyao (small, soaked in wine overnight, fried), Huixiang (fried), Qing Ju Pi (white part removed, fried), Liangjiang (fried) in equal parts, grind to powder. Take with warm wine or child's urine (*Weisheng Jiabao Fang*). Men and Women's Various Diseases: Xiangwu San: Use Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma) and Wuyao in equal parts, grind to powder. Take 1-2 qian each time. For poor appetite, take with ginger-date water; for malaria, with dried ginger-salt water; for intestinal worms, with Binglang water; for head wind swelling, with tea water; for women's cold qi, with rice drink; for postpartum blood attacking heart/spleen pain, with child's urine; for women's uterus pain/men's hernia, with Huixiang water (*Qiankun Mi Yun*). Small Intestine Hernia: 1 liang Wuyao, 8 qian Shengma. Decoct 2 zhong of water to 1 zhong, leave exposed overnight, drink hot on empty stomach (Sun Tianren *Ji Xiao Fang*). Hongjiao Cramping Pain: In villages without medicine. At onset, take local Wuyao, avoid iron, wipe dirt with cloth, scrape powder with porcelain tile, soak in good wine overnight. Next morning, drink warm on empty stomach; diarrhea stops immediately. Add a little She Xiang (Musk); even better. If pain enters abdomen, boil Wuyao with chicken egg in clay pot for one day, take egg, slice and dip in powder, swallow with soup; very effective (*Yong Lei Qian Fang*). Bloody Dysentery/Bleeding: Wuyao, burnt to retain character, ground, made into pills the size of Sophora seeds with aged rice paste. Take 30 pills with rice drink (*Pu Ji Fang*).
Qi Jue Headache: Any amount, including postpartum headache. Tiantai Wuyao and Chuanxiong in equal parts, grind to powder. Take 2 qian each time, mixed with winter tea clear liquid. Postpartum, mix with wine quenched with red-hot iron hammer (*Jisheng Fang*).
One cup, hold in mouth then swallow, cure when phlegm-saliva is expelled (*Jingyan Fang*). Abscess during Pregnancy: 5 qian Hongzhou Wuyao (soft, white, fragrant), one cup water, one piece of Niupijiao (Hide Glue), decoct to 7/10 strength, drink warm. This is Gong Yande's formula (*Furen Liangfang*). Heart-Abdominal Qi Pain: One cup of Wuyao (water-ground thick juice), add one piece of Ju Pi and one leaf of Suz Ye (Perilla Leaf), decoct and drink (*Ji Jian Fang*).
Young Leaves
[Indications] Roast, grind, decoct, and drink as tea; tonifies middle and benefits qi, stops slippery/frequent urination (Cangqi).
[Invention/Analysis] Shizhen said: Wuyao connects downward to the Shaoyin Kidney meridian and upward regulates Spleen-Stomach Yuan Qi. Hence, Danxi Zhu added Wuyao leaves.
Seeds
[Indications] Yin Du Shanghan (Yin-Toxin Cold Damage), abdominal pain nearing death. Take one he, stir-fry until black smoke rises, throw into water, boil for 3-5 boils, drink one large cup. Cure when sweat appears and yang returns (*Doumen Fang*).
[Appendix] Yan Yao says: Grows as small trees in various southern prefectures. Leaves resemble Sichuan pepper. Roots resemble Wuyao but are rounder and smaller. Root is bitter, warm, non-toxic. Treats Huoluan, bloody/non-bloody dysentery, sudden evil/Gu poison, internal disharmony. Chop, use water...