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[Names] Maqianzi (Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing), Kushi Badou (Bencao Gangmu).
Li Shizhen said: Its shape resembles the connected coin patterns on a horse's body, hence the name Maqian.

[Collection and Explanation] Li Shizhen said: Fan Mubie grows in Huiguo Country, and is now found throughout the Western regions. It is a creeping vine that blooms yellow flowers in summer. In the seventh and eighth months, it bears fruit resembling Trichosanthes fruit; green when raw and red when ripe, similar to Mubie. Its seeds are smaller than those of Mubie and white in color. Locals say it can treat one hundred and twenty kinds of diseases, with specific decoctions serving as guides for each condition. Some claim it is best used after processing with tofu. Others say it can poison dogs to death.

[Flavor and Properties] Bitter, cold, non-toxic.

[Indications] Typhoid fever and heat diseases, pharyngeal obstruction and pain, elimination of mass formations. It can be held in the mouth to swallow the juice, or ground into water and held in the mouth to swallow (Li Shizhen).

[Attached Prescriptions] Four new prescriptions.
Sore throat with pain: Equal parts of Fan Mubie, Qingmuxiang, and Shandougen, ground into powder and blown into the affected area. (Yang Gong, *Yifang Jiangyao*)
Throat wind with swelling: One kernel of Fan Mubie, 3 fen of Muxiang, ground together with water, mixed with 3 fen of Xiongdan and 5 fen of Danfan. Apply to the affected area with a chicken feather brush for effect. (Tang Yao, *Jingyan Fang*)
Sores entering the eye: Half a piece of Kushi Badouer (i.e., Maqianzi), 5 fen of Qingfen, Shuihua, and Yinzhu, plus a small amount of Pian Nao, Shexiang, and Ku Fan, ground into powder for eye application.
Abortion desire: Kushi Badouer ground into paste, inserted into the vagina three to four cun. (*Jijian Fang*)

(Song Dynasty *Kaibao Bencao*)
[Correction] Merged with Duxing Gen from *Tang Bencao*.

[Names] Dulinteng (*Zhouhou Fang*), Duxing Gen (*Tang Bencao*), Tuqingmuxiang (*Tang Bencao*), Yunnan Gen (*Bencao Gangmu*).
Su Song said: It creeps up trees; its fruits hang even after leaves fall, resembling bells on a horse's neck, hence the name.
Li Shizhen said: Its root induces vomiting and diarrhea and has a slight fragrance, hence the names Duxing and Muxiang. People in Lingnan use it to treat Gu poison but hide its name, calling it "Three Hundred Taels of Silver Medicine." The *Zhouhou Fang* writes "Dulin," likely a transmission error.

[Collection and Explanation] Su Song said: Duxing Gen grows beside ancient dikes and is found in plains, marshes, and forests. In southern mountains, it is called Tuqingmuxiang, also known as Douling Gen. It is a vine with round, astringent leaves resembling Aristolochia, and pale blue-white flowers. The fruit is long like a plum or peach, splitting into four pouch-like segments after October, containing flat seeds like elm samaras. The root is flat, about one chi long, smelling like Puerariae Radix, and resembling Hanfangji. Roots are harvested in February and August.
Kou Zongshi said: Malouding is found in Guanzhong, Hedong, Hebei, Jianghuai, Kuizhou, and Zhejiang. It sprouts in spring, climbing trees as a vine. Leaves resemble Dioscorea opposita but are thicker and white underneath. Yellow-purple flowers bloom in June, resembling Lycii Fructus flowers. Fruits ripen in July, date-sized and bell-shaped with four to five lobes. The root, named Yunnan Gen, resembles Muxiang slightly, is as thick as a little finger, and reddish-yellow.

[Processing] Lei Xiao said: Upon harvesting fruits, remove leaves and vines, place in a raw silk bag at the east corner of the house, dry, split open, remove the membranous lining, and take the clean seeds to roast before use.

[Flavor and Properties] Bitter, cold, non-toxic. Zhen Quan said: Neutral. Li Shizhen said: Slightly bitter and pungent.
Zhang Gao said: Strong flavor, thin aroma, Yin with slight Yang, enters the Hand Taiyin Lung Meridian.

[Indications] Lung-heat cough, phlegm accumulation with panting, bloody hemorrhoids and sores (*Kaibao Bencao*). Urgent upward reversal of Lung Qi, inability to lie flat, continuous retching and coughing (Zhen Quan). Clears Lung Qi, tonifies the Lung, removes damp-heat from the Lung.

[Elucidation] Li Shizhen said: Malouding is light and hollow; when mature, it hangs and opens into four lobes, resembling the Lung, thus entering the Lung channel. Cold in nature, bitter and slightly pungent in taste; cold clears Lung heat, while bitter and pungent descend Lung Qi. Qian Yi uses it in Bufei Ejiao San not to tonify the Lung, but to clear heat and descend Qi; once pathogenic factors are removed, the Lung is pacified. The Ejiao and glutinous rice in that formula are the actual Lung-tonifying agents. Excessive use in decoctions causes vomiting, which is why Cui Shi used it to induce vomiting for Gu poison. Thus, its inability to tonify the Lung is evident.

[Attached Prescriptions] Three old, two new.
Lung asthma and rapid breathing: 2 liang of Malouding (shelled and deseeded), 0.5 liang of butter (mixed evenly in a bowl, stir-fried slowly until dry), 1 liang of roasted Gancao, ground into powder.
Take 1 qian per dose, decocted in one cup of water to six-tenths volume, taken warm or held in the mouth. (*Jianyao Jizhong Fang*) All types of heart pain, regardless of age or gender: One large Malouding, burned over a lamp until charred but retaining properties, ground into powder. Taken with warm wine for immediate effect. (*Zhaxuan Fang*)
Foreign body sensation in throat, unable to swallow or spit out, heat and oppression in the epigastrium: 1 liang of Douling, decocted in water and taken, inducing vomiting. (Cui Xinggong, *Zuanyao Fang*)
Hemorrhoid swelling and pain: Burn Malouding in a bottle and fumigate the affected area. (*Rihua Bencao*)

Duxing Gen
[Flavor and Properties] Acrid, bitter, cold, toxic. Meng Shen said: Non-toxic.
Su Song said: Toxic. Do not take in excess, as it causes persistent vomiting and diarrhea.

[Indications] Gui Zhu accumulations, various toxic hot swellings, snake bites. Grind with water into a paste and apply to the site, three to four times daily, for immediate cure. Decoct 1–2 liang, take the juice to vomit Gu poison. Also, grind into powder, mix with water, and apply to carbuncles for great effect (*Tang Bencao*). Treats blood and Qi disorders (Meng Shen). Promotes Large Intestine function, treats head wind itching and alopecia (Li Shizhen, from *Jingyi*).

[Attached Prescriptions] One old, five new.
Five types of Gu poison: The *Zhouhou Fang* records: Governor Xi Bian stated that people in Lingnan often suffer from food poisoning, gradually losing appetite, with chest and back distension, preceded by chills resembling miasma: Use 10 liang of Dulinteng, 1 dou of water, and 2 sheng of wine, boil down to 3 sheng, divide into three doses. Poison exits via urine. Avoid toxic foods for ten days. If not cured, take again. Locals call it "Three Hundred Taels of Silver Medicine." Physician Zhi added: 1 liang of Douling Gen ground into powder, decocted in water and taken at once, should vomit out Gu poison; repeat if necessary. Or take powder mixed with water, also effective. For grass Gu poison prevalent west of Xiliang and in Lingnan: If poisoned and feeling near death upon ingestion: Take 1 liang of Douling seedlings, ground into powder. Mix with warm water, take 1 qian, digesting and expelling Gu poison with miraculous effect. (*Shenghui Fang*) Intestinal wind with bleeding: Equal parts of Malouding Teng, Gujingcao, and Jingsanleng (stir-fried with Aotou). Decoct in water, fumigate first then wash.
Recurrence of carbuncles: Mash Malouding Gen, wrap with spider web and apply; the root will emerge shortly. (*Zhouhou Fang*)
Bite from vicious snakes: 0.5 liang of Qingmuxiang, decocted in water and drunk. (*Xiuzhen Fang*)