（《本经》中品）
【校正】《别录》另出羊乳，今并为一。
【释名】 （亦作 ）、羝（音低）、羯。
时珍曰∶《说文》云∶羊字象头角足尾之形。孔子曰∶牛羊之字，以形似也。董子云∶
羊，
毛曰 ，胡羊曰 ，无角曰
月曰 （音务），七月曰 （音达），未卒岁曰 （音兆
今注》谓之长髯主簿云。
【集解】《别录》曰∶ 羊生河西。
弘景曰∶羊有三四种。入药以青色 羊为胜，次则乌羊。其
啖食，为药不及都下者，然其乳、髓则肥好也。
颂曰∶羊之种类甚多，而 羊亦有褐色、黑色、白色者。毛长尺余，亦谓之
人引大羊以此为群首，又谓之羊头。
诜曰∶河西羊最佳，河东羊亦好。若驱至南方，则筋力自劳损，安能补益人？今南方羊
多食野草、毒草，故江浙羊少味而发疾。南人食之，即不忧也。惟淮南州郡或有佳者，可亚
北羊。北羊至南方一二年，亦不中食，何况于南羊，盖土地使然也。
宗 曰∶ 羊出陕西、河东，尤狠健，毛最长而浓，入药最佳。如供食，则不如北地
无角白大羊也。又同、华之间有小羊，供馔在诸羊之上。
时珍曰∶生江南者为吴羊，头身相等而毛短。生秦晋者为夏羊，头小身大而毛长。土人
二岁而剪其毛，以为毡物，谓之绵羊。广南英州一种乳羊，食仙茅，极肥，无复血肉之分，
食之甚补人。诸羊皆孕四月而生。其目无神，其肠薄而萦曲。在畜属火，故易繁而性热也。
在卦属兑，故外柔而内刚也。其性恶湿喜燥，食钩吻而肥，食仙茅而肪，食仙灵脾而淫，食
踯躅而死。物理之宜忌，不可测也。契丹以其骨占灼，谓之羊卜，亦有一灵耶？其皮极薄，
南番以书字，吴人以画采为灯。
羊肉
【气味】苦、甘，大热，无毒。诜曰∶温。
颂曰∶《本经》云甘，《素问》云苦。盖《经》以味言，《素问》以理言。羊性热属火
，故配于苦。羊之齿、骨、五脏皆温平，惟肉性大热也。
时珍曰∶热病及天行病、疟疾病后食之，必发热致危。妊妇食之，令子多热。白羊黑头、
黑
瓦
阳，女子绝阴。物性之异如此，不可不知。
汪机曰∶反半夏、菖蒲。同荞面、豆酱食，发痼疾。同醋食，伤人心。
【主治】缓中，字乳余疾，及头脑大风汗出，虚劳寒冷，补中益气，安心止惊（《别录》）。
止痛，利产妇（思邈）。治风眩瘦
【发明】颂曰∶肉多入汤剂。胡洽方有大羊肉汤，治妇人产后大虚，心腹绞痛厥逆，医
家通用大方也。
宗 曰∶仲景治寒疝当归生姜羊肉汤，服之无不验者。一妇冬月生产，寒入子户，腹下
痛不可按，此寒疝也。医欲投抵当汤。予曰∶非其治也。以仲景羊肉汤减
李杲曰∶羊肉有形之物，能补有形肌肉之气。故曰补可去弱，人参、羊肉之属。人参补
气，羊肉补形。凡味同羊肉者，皆补血虚，盖阳生则阴长也。
时珍曰∶按《开河记》云∶隋大总管麻叔谋病风逆，起坐不得。炀帝命太医令巢元方
视之。
曰∶风入腠理，病在胸臆。须用嫩肥羊蒸熟，掺药食之，则瘥。如其言，未尽剂而痊。
自后每杀羊羔，同杏酪、五味日食数枚。观此则羊肉补虚之功，益可证矣。
【附方】旧八，新十六。
羊肉汤∶张仲景治寒劳虚羸，及产后心腹疝痛。用肥羊肉一斤，水一斗，煮汁八升，入
当归五两，黄 八两，生姜六两，煮取二升，分四服。胡洽方无黄 ，《千金方》有芍药。（《金
匮要略》）
产后厥痛∶胡洽大羊肉汤，治妇人产后大虚，心腹绞痛，厥逆。用羊肉一斤，当归、芍
药、
产后虚羸腹痛，冷气不调，及脑中风汗自出∶白羊肉一斤，切治如常，调和食之。（《心
镜》）
产后带下产后中风，绝孕，带下赤白∶用羊肉二斤，香豉、大蒜各三升，水一斗三升，
煮五升，纳酥一升，更煮三升，分温三服。（
崩中垂死∶肥羊肉三斤，水二斗，煮一斗三升，入生地黄汁二升，干姜、当归各三两，
煮三升，分四服。（《千金》）
补益虚寒∶用精羊肉一斤，碎白石英三两，以肉包之，外用荷叶裹定，于一石米下蒸熟，
取出去石英，和葱、姜作小馄饨子。每日空腹，以冷浆水吞一百枚，甚补益。（《外台》）
壮阳益肾∶用白羊肉半斤切生，以蒜、薤食之。三日一度，甚妙。（《心镜》）
五劳七伤虚冷∶用肥羊肉一腿，密盖煮烂，绞取汁服，并食肉。
骨蒸久冷∶羊肉一斤，山药一斤，各烂煮研如泥，下米煮粥食之。（《饮膳正要》）
骨蒸传尸∶用羊肉一拳大（煮熟），皂荚一尺（炙），以无灰酒一升，铜铛内煮三五沸，
去滓，入黑饧一两。令病患先啜肉汁，乃服一合
虚寒疟疾∶羊肉作 饼，饱食之，更饮酒暖卧取汗。燕国公常见有验。（《集验方》）
脾虚吐食∶羊肉半斤作生，以蒜、薤、酱、豉、五味和拌，空腹食之。（《心镜》）
虚冷反胃∶羊肉去脂作生，以蒜薤空腹食之，立效。（《外台》）
壮胃健脾∶羊肉三斤切，粱米二升同煮，下五味作粥食。（《饮膳正要》）
老人膈痞，不下饮食∶用羊肉四两（切），白面六两，橘皮末一分，姜汁搜如常法，入
五味作 食，每日一次，大效。（《多能鄙事
胃寒下痢∶羊肉一片，莨菪子末一两和，以绵裹纳下部。二度瘥。（
身面浮肿∶商陆一升，水二斗，煮取一斗，去滓；羊肉一斤（切）入内煮熟，下葱、豉、
五味调和如 法，食之
腰痛香港脚∶木瓜汤∶治腰膝疼痛，香港脚不仁。羊肉一脚，草果五枚，粳米二升
（即胡豆）半升，木瓜二斤，取汁，入砂糖四两，盐少许，煮肉食之。（《正要》）
消渴利水∶羊肉一脚，瓠子六枚，姜汁半合，白面二两，同盐、葱炒食。（《正要》）
损伤青肿∶用新羊肉贴之。（《千金方》）
妇人无乳∶用羊肉六两，獐肉八两，鼠肉五两，作 啖之。（崔氏）
伤目青肿∶羊肉煮熟，熨之。（《圣济总录》）
小儿嗜土∶买市中羊肉一斤，令人以绳系，于地上拽至家，洗净，炒炙食。或煮汁亦可。
（姚和众）
头上白秃∶羊肉如作脯法，炙香，热拓上，不过数次瘥。（《肘后
头蹄（白羊者良）
【气味】甘，平，无毒。
大明曰∶凉。
震亨曰∶羊头、蹄肉，性极补水。水肿人食之，百不一愈。
【主治】风眩瘦疾，小儿惊痫（苏恭）。脑热头眩
治丈夫五劳骨热。热病后宜食之，冷病患勿多食（孟诜。《心镜》云∶以上诸证，并宜白羊
头，或蒸或煮，或作脍食。）疗肾虚精竭。
【附方】新三。
老人风眩∶用白羊头一具，如常治，食之。
五劳七伤∶白羊头、蹄一具净治，更以稻草烧烟，熏令黄色，水煮半熟，纳胡椒、荜茇、
干姜各一两，葱、豉各一升，再煮去药食。日一具，七日即愈。（《千金》）
虚寒腰痛∶用羊头、蹄一具，草果四枚，桂一两，生姜半斤，哈昔泥一豆许，胡椒煮食。
（《正要》）
皮
【主治】一切风，及脚中虚风，补虚劳，去毛作羹、 食（
青肿；干皮烧服，治蛊毒下血（时珍）。
脂（青羊者良）
【气味】甘，热，无毒。《丹房镜源》云∶柔银软铜。
【主治】生脂∶止下痢脱肛，去风毒，妇人产后腹中绞痛（思邈）。
洽方》有青羊脂丸）。去游风及黑
润肌肤，杀虫治疮癣。入膏药，透肌肉经络，彻风热毒瓦斯（时珍）。
【附方】旧一，新十三。
下痢腹痛∶羊脂、阿胶、蜡各二两，黍米二升，煮粥食之。（《千金》）
妊娠下痢∶羊脂如棋子大十枚，温酒一升，投中顿服，日三。（《千金》）
虚劳口干∶《千金》∶用羊脂一鸡子大，淳酒半升，枣七枚，渍七日食，立愈。《外台》∶
用羊脂鸡子大，纳半斤酢中一宿，绞汁含之。
猝汗不止∶牛、羊脂，温酒频化，服之。（《外台》）
脾横爪赤∶煎羊脂摩之。（《外台》）
产后虚羸∶令人肥白健壮。羊脂二斤，生地黄汁一斗，姜汁五升，白蜜三升，煎如饴。
温酒服一杯，日三。（《古今录验》）
妇人阴脱∶煎羊脂频涂之。（《广利方》）
发背初起∶羊脂、猪脂切片，冷水浸贴，热则易之。数日瘥。（《外台》）
牙齿疳 ∶黑 羊脂、莨菪子等分，入杯中烧烟，张口熏之。（《千金方》）
小儿口疮∶羊脂煎薏苡根涂之。（《活幼心书》）
豌豆如疥，赤黑色者∶煎青羊脂摩之。（《千金方》）
赤丹如疥，不治杀人∶煎青羊脂摩之，数次愈。（《集验》）
误吞钉针∶多食肥羊脂，久则自出。（《肘后》）
血（白羊者良）
【气味】咸，平，无毒。
时珍曰∶按夏子益《奇疾方》云∶凡猪、羊血久食，
则鼻中毛出，昼夜长五寸，渐如绳，痛不可忍，摘去复生。惟用乳石、 砂等分为丸。空
心，临卧各一服，水下十丸，自落也。
【主治】女人中风血虚闷，及产后血晕，闷欲绝者，热饮一升即活（苏恭）。热饮一升，
治产后血攻，下胎衣，治猝惊九窍出血，解莽草毒、胡蔓草毒，又解一切丹石毒发（时珍。
出《延寿》诸方）。
【发明】
丹砂、水银、轻粉、生银、 砂、砒霜、硫黄
孔公 等毒。凡觉毒发，刺饮一升即解。又
异言其能解胡蔓草毒。羊血解毒之功用如此，而本草并不言及，诚缺文也。
【附方】旧二，新五。
衄血一月不止∶刺羊血热饮即瘥。（《圣惠》）产后血攻或下血不止，心闷面青，身冷欲
绝者∶新羊血一盏饮之，三
大便下血∶羊血煮熟，拌醋食，最效。（吴球《便民食疗》）
硫黄毒发气闷∶用羊血热服一合效。（《圣惠方》）
食菹吞蛭∶蛭啖脏血，肠痛黄瘦。饮热羊血一二升，次早化猪脂一升饮之，蛭即下也。
（《肘后方》）
误吞蜈蚣∶刺猪、羊血灌之，即吐出。昔有店妇吹火筒中有蜈蚣入腹，店妇仆地，号叫
可畏。道人刘复真用此法而愈。（《三元延寿书》）
狈者。刺羊血热饮一小盏，极效。（《圣惠方》）
乳（白 者佳）
【气味】甘
【主治】补寒冷虚乏（《别录》）。润心肺，治消渴（甄权）。疗虚劳，益精气，补肺、肾
气，和小肠气。合脂作羹食，补肾虚，及男女中风（张鼎）。利大肠，治小儿惊痫。含之，
治
口疮
反胃，小儿哕 及舌肿，并时时
贞元十一年，崔员外言，有人为蜘蛛咬，腹大如妊，遍身生丝，其家弃之，乞食于道。有僧
教啖羊乳，未几疾平也）。
【发明】弘景曰∶牛羊乳实为补润，故北人食之多肥健。
恭曰∶北人肥健，由不啖咸腥，方土使然，何关饮乳？陶以未达，故屡有此言。
时珍曰∶方土饮食，两相资之。陶说固偏，苏说亦过。丹溪言反胃人宜时时饮之，取其
开胃脘、大肠之燥也。
【附方】旧一，新二。
小儿口疮∶羊乳细滤入含之，数次愈。（《短剧方》）
漆疮作痒∶羊乳敷之。（《千金翼》）
面黑令白∶白羊乳三斤，羊胰三副，和捣。每夜洗净
脑
【气味】有毒。
诜曰∶发风病。和酒服，迷人心，成风疾。男子食之，损精气，少子。白羊黑头
，食其脑，作肠痈。
【主治】入面脂手膏，润皮肤，去 ，涂损伤、丹瘤
【附方】新二。
发丹如瘤∶生绵羊脑，同朴硝研，涂之。（《瑞竹堂方》）
足指肉刺∶刺破，以新酒酢和羊脑涂之，一合愈。（《古今录验》）
髓
【气味】甘，温，无毒。
【主治】男子女人伤中，阴阳气不足，利血脉，益经气，以酒服之（《别录》）。却风热，
止毒。久服不损人（孙思邈）。
灭瘢痕（时珍。《删繁》治肺虚毛悴，酥髓汤中用之）。
【附方】新五。
肺痿骨蒸∶炼羊脂、炼羊髓各五两煎沸，下炼蜜及生地黄汁各五合，生姜汁一合，不住
手搅，微火熬成膏。每日空心温酒调服一匙，或入粥食。（《饮膳正要》）
目中赤翳∶白羊髓敷之。（《千金》）
舌上生疮∶羊胫骨中髓，和胡粉涂之，妙。（《圣惠》）
白秃头疮∶生羊骨髓，调轻粉搽之。先以泔水洗净。一日二次，数日愈。（《经验方》）
痘痂不落，痘疮痂 不落，
灭瘢方∶用羊 骨髓（炼）一两，轻粉一钱，和成膏，涂之。（陈文中方）
心（下并也用白羝羊者良）
【气味】甘，温，无毒。
《日华》曰∶有孔者杀人。
【主治】止忧恚膈气（《别录》）。补心（藏器）。
【附方】新一。
心气郁结∶羊心一枚，咱夫兰（即回回红花）三钱，浸玫瑰水一盏，入盐少许，徐徐涂
心上，炙熟食之，令人心安多喜。（《正要》
肺
【气味】同心。诜曰∶自三月至五月，其中有虫，状如马尾，长二三寸。须去之，不去
令人痢下。
【主治】补肺，止咳嗽（《别录》）。伤中，补不足，去风邪（思邈）。治渴，止小便数，
同小豆叶煮食之（苏恭）。通肺气，利小便，行水解蛊
【附方】旧一，新六。
久嗽肺痿作燥∶羊肺汤∶用羊肺一具洗净，以杏仁、柿霜、真豆粉、真酥各一两，白
(Shennong Bencao Jing classifies it as Medium Grade)
[Correction] The Mingyi Bielu lists Sheep Milk separately; now they are combined into one entry.
[Names] (Pronounced same as "Di"), Di (pronounced di), Ge.
Li Shizhen says: The Shuowen Jiezi states that the character "Yang" (Sheep) resembles the shape of the head, horns, feet, and tail. Confucius said: The characters for ox and sheep are created based on their shapes. Dong Zhongshu said:
Woolly sheep are called [Character], Hu sheep are called [Character], hornless sheep are called [Character].
Sheep born in the first month are called [Character] (pronounced wu), those born in the seventh month are called [Character] (pronounced da), and those not yet a year old are called [Character] (pronounced zhao). Current annotations call them "Long-bearded Chief Clerk".
[Collection of Explanations] The Mingyi Bielu states: [Character] sheep grow in the Hexi region.
Tao Hongjing says: There are three or four types of sheep. For medicinal use, green [Character] sheep are superior, followed by black sheep. Those that graze on wild grasses have inferior medicinal efficacy compared to those near the capital, but their milk and marrow are very rich.
Su Song says: There are many varieties of sheep; [Character] sheep also come in brown, black, and white. Their wool can be over a chi long, and they are also called [Character]. People lead large sheep as the herd leader, also called "Sheep Head".
Chen Cangqi says: Hexi sheep are the best, Hedong sheep are also good. If driven to the south, their sinews and strength will naturally deteriorate; how can they benefit humans? Nowadays, southern sheep eat much wild and poisonous grass, so sheep from Jiangzhe have little flavor and cause diseases. Southerners eating them do not worry. Only some commanderies in Huainan may have good ones, comparable to northern sheep. Northern sheep kept in the south for one or two years are not suitable for consumption, let alone southern sheep; this is due to the land environment.
Kou Zongshi says: [Character] sheep come from Shaanxi and Hedong, are particularly fierce and robust, with the longest and densest wool, making them best for medicine. For food, however, they are inferior to the hornless large white sheep of the north. Additionally, small sheep from Tongzhou and Huazhou are superior for culinary purposes among all sheep.
Li Shizhen says: Those growing in Jiangnan are called Wu sheep, with heads and bodies of equal size and short wool. Those growing in Qin and Jin regions are called Xia sheep, with small heads, large bodies, and long wool. Locals shear their wool at two years old to make felt, calling them Mian sheep (Cotton Sheep). A type of milking sheep in Yingzhou, Guangnan, eats Xianmao (Curculigo rhizome), becoming extremely fat, indistinguishable between meat and fat, and very nourishing when eaten. All sheep gestate for four months. Their eyes lack spirit, and their intestines are thin and coiled. Among beasts, they belong to Fire, hence they reproduce easily and have a hot nature. In the Bagua, they belong to Dui, hence outwardly gentle but inwardly strong. They dislike dampness and prefer dryness; eating Gouwen (Aconitum ferox root) makes them fat, eating Xianmao solidifies their fat, eating Xianlingpi (Epimedium) increases libido, and eating Zhi Zhu (Rhododendron molle) causes death. The suitability and taboos of physical properties are unpredictable. The Khitan people used sheep bones for divination burning, called Yang Bu (Sheep Divination); does it possess some spirituality? Sheep skin is extremely thin; people in Nanfan use it for writing, and people in Wu use it for painting colored lanterns.
Mutton
[Flavor and Nature] Bitter, Sweet, Very Hot, Non-toxic. Chen Cangqi says: Warm.
Su Song says: The Bencao Jing says Sweet, while the Suwen says Bitter. Probably the Jing refers to taste, while the Suwen refers to principle. Sheep nature is hot and belongs to Fire, so it is paired with Bitter. Sheep teeth, bones, and viscera are all Warm and Neutral, only the meat is Very Hot.
Li Shizhen says: After consuming it during Heat Diseases, Epidemic Diseases, or post-Malaria, it will certainly cause fever and danger. Pregnant women eating it will cause the fetus to have excessive heat. White-bodied black-headed sheep, black-bodied white-headed sheep, and women with Yin exhaustion. Such differences in material nature must be known.
Wang Ji says: It conflicts with Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome) and Changpu (Acorus Rhizome). Eating it with Buckwheat noodles or Bean paste induces chronic diseases. Eating it with Vinegar damages the Heart.
[Indications] Relieves central tension, treats residual postpartum disorders, and headaches/sweating caused by Wind attacking the head, deficiency-cold, tonifies the Middle and benefits Qi, calms the Mind and stops fright (Mingyi Bielu). Stops pain, benefits the postpartum woman (Sun Simiao). Treats Wind-dizziness and emaciation.
[Elucidation] Su Song says: Meat is mostly used in decoctions. Hu Qia's Formula has Da Yang Rou Tang (Large Mutton Decoction), treating severe postpartum deficiency, heart/abdominal colic with cold limbs, a general large formula used by physicians.
Kou Zongshi says: Zhang Zhongjing's Danggui Shengjiang Yangrou Tang (Angelica Ginger Mutton Decoction) for Cold Hernia is invariably effective. A woman gave birth in winter, cold entered the uterus, causing unbearable lower abdominal pain unpressable; this is Cold Hernia. The physician wanted to administer Didang Tang. I said: This is not the correct treatment. Use Zhang Zhongjing's Mutton Decoction reducing Dahuang (Rhubarb).
Li Gao says: Mutton is a tangible substance, capable of replenishing the Qi of tangible muscles. Thus it is said "Tonification removes weakness," belonging to Ginseng and Mutton. Ginseng tonifies Qi, Mutton tonifies Form. Any substance with a flavor similar to Mutton can tonify Blood deficiency, because when Yang grows, Yin grows.
Li Shizhen says: According to Kai He Ji: Sui Dynasty Grand Commander Ma Shumou suffered from Wind-Ni (rebellious Qi), unable to sit or rise. Emperor Yang ordered Imperial Physician Chao Yuanfang to treat him. Chao said: Wind entered the Couli (pores/striae), disease is in the chest/diaphragm. Must use tender fat mutton steamed熟, mixed with medicine and eaten, then recovered. Following his advice, he recovered before finishing the dose. Since then, every time lamb was slaughtered, it was eaten daily with Apricot Kernel Milk and Five Flavors. Observing this, the tonic effect of mutton on deficiency is further proven.
[Attached Formulas] Eight old formulas, sixteen new formulas.
Yang Rou Tang (Mutton Decoction): Zhang Zhongjing treats Cold-Lao (chronic wasting) and emaciation, and postpartum heart/abdominal hernia pain. Use 1 jin fat mutton, 1 dou water, boil to obtain 8 sheng juice, add Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root) 5 liang, Huangqi (Astragalus Root) 8 liang, Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) 6 liang, boil to obtain 2 sheng, divide into four doses. Hu Qia's formula lacks Huangqi; Qianjin Fang has Shaoyao (Peony Root). (Jingui Yaolue)
Postpartum Cold Limbs and Pain: Hu Qia's Da Yang Rou Tang treats severe postpartum deficiency, heart/abdominal colic, cold limbs. Use 1 jin mutton, Danggui, Shaoyao...
Postpartum Emaciation and Abdominal Pain, Cold Qi Disregulation, and Stroke with Spontaneous Sweating: 1 jin white mutton, cut and prepared normally, mix and eat. (Xin Jing)
Postpartum Leukorrhea and Stroke, Infertility, Red and White Leukorrhea: Use 2 jin mutton, Xiangchi (Fermented Soybean), Dasuan (Garlic) each 3 sheng, 1 dou 3 sheng water, boil to 5 sheng, add Su (Butter/Ghee) 1 sheng, boil again to 3 sheng, divide into three warm doses. (...)
Bengzhong (Uterine Bleeding) Near Death: 3 jin fat mutton, 2 dou water, boil to 1 dou 3 sheng, add Shengdihuang Juice (Rehmannia Juice) 2 sheng, Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), Danggui each 3 liang, boil to 3 sheng, divide into four doses. (Qianjin Fang)
Tonifying Deficiency-Cold: Use 1 jin fine mutton, 3 liang crushed Baishiying (Quartz), wrap in meat, wrap externally with Lotus Leaf, steam under 1 dan rice until cooked, remove and discard quartz, mix with Congbai (Green Onion White) and Jiang to make small wontons. Take 100 pills empty stomach daily with cold Jiangshui (fermented grain water), very tonifying. (Waitai Miyao)
Strengthening Yang and Benefiting Kidney: Use 0.5 jin white mutton raw, eat with Suan (Garlic) and Xie (Welsh Onion). Once every three days, excellent. (Xin Jing)
Five Labors and Seven Injuries with Deficiency-Cold: Use one leg of fat mutton, cover tightly and boil until soft, squeeze out juice to drink, and eat the meat.
Bone-steaming Chronic Cold: 1 jin mutton, 1 jin Shan Yao (Chinese Yam), boil until soft and grind into paste, add rice to make porridge and eat. (Yinshan Zhengyao)
Bone-steaming Transmitted Corpse (TB): Use fist-sized mutton (cooked), 1 chi Zaojia (Gleditsia Fruit) (roasted), 1 sheng Wuhuijiu (unadulterated wine), boil 3-5 boils in copper pot, strain, add 1 liang Heixi (Black Sugar Syrup). Let patient first sip meat broth, then take 1 he...
Deficiency-Cold Malaria: Make mutton into Bing (cakes), eat full, then drink wine, keep warm, induce sweat. Duke of Yan often saw this effective. (Jiyan Fang)
Spleen Deficiency Vomiting: 0.5 jin mutton raw, mix with Suan, Xie, Jiang (Bean Paste), Chi, Wuwei Zi (Schisandra), eat empty stomach. (Xin Jing)
Deficiency-Cold Regurgitation: Remove fat from mutton, cut raw, eat with Suanxie (Garlic and Welsh Onion) empty stomach, immediate effect. (Waitai Miyao)
Strengthening Stomach and Invigorating Spleen: 3 jin mutton cut, cook with 2 sheng Liangmi (Millet/Rice), add Five Flavors to make porridge and eat. (Yinshan Zhengyao)
Elderly Chest Fullness, Unable to Eat: Use 4 liang mutton (cut), 6 liang white flour, 1 fen Jupi (Tangerine Peel Powder), knead with Jiang汁 (Ginger Juice) as usual, add Five Flavors to make Shi (Pastry), once daily, great effect. (Duoneng Bisshi)
Stomach Cold Dysentery: One slice of mutton, mix with 1 liang Langdangzi (Datura Seed) powder, wrap in silk, insert into anus. Two times cures. (...)
Body and Face Edema: 1 sheng Shanglu (Phytolacca Root), 2 dou water, boil to 1 dou, strain; add 1 jin mutton (cut), cook熟, add Cong, Chi, Five Flavors, mix as ... method, eat.
Lumbago and Hongjiaojiao (Gout) Mugwort Soup: Treats waist/knee pain, Hongjiaojiao numbness. 1 mutton leg, Caoguo (Black Cardamom) 5 pieces, Jingmi (Japonica Rice) 2 sheng (i.e., Hudou/Horse Beans) 0.5 sheng, Mugua (Papaya) 2 jin, extract juice, add 4 liang sugar, little salt, boil meat and eat. (Zhengyao)
Xiaoke (Wasting-Thirst) and Diuresis: 1 mutton leg, 6 Huzi (Calabash), 0.5 he Jiang汁 (Ginger Juice), 2 liang white flour, stir-fry with salt and Cong and eat. (Zhengyao)
Trauma Bruising: Apply fresh mutton. (Qianjin Fang)
Women No Milk: Use 6 liang mutton, 8 liang Zhangrou (Chevrotain Meat), 5 liang Shurou (Rat Meat), make ... and eat. (Cui Shi)
Injured Eye Bruising: Cook mutton熟, apply hot compress. (Shengji Zonglu)
Child Geophagia: Buy 1 jin market mutton, tie with rope, drag home on ground, wash clean, stir-fry/roast and eat. Or boil juice. (Yao Hezhong)
White Baldness on Head: Prepare mutton like dried meat, roast fragrant, apply hot to head, few times cures. (Zhouhou Beiji Fang)
Head and Hooves (White sheep are good)
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet, Neutral, Non-toxic.
Meng Shen says: Cool.
Zhu Zhenheng says: Sheep head and hoof meat, nature strongly tonifies Water. Edema patients eating it, one in a hundred does not recover.
[Indications] Wind-dizziness and emaciation, pediatric convulsions (Su Gong). Brain heat and dizziness.
Treats husband's Five Labors and Bone Heat. Suitable after Heat Disease, cold patients should not eat much (Meng Shen. Xin Jing says: For above conditions, use white sheep head, steam, boil, or make sashimi.) Treats Kidney deficiency and essence depletion.
[Attached Formulas] Three new formulas.
Elderly Wind-Dizziness: Use one white sheep head, prepare normally, eat.
Five Labors and Seven Injuries: Clean one white sheep head and hooves, smoke with straw fire until yellow, boil half-cooked, add 1 liang胡椒 (Pepper), 1 liang Biba (Long Pepper), 1 liang Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), 1 sheng Cong (Green Onion), 1 sheng Chi (Fermented Bean), boil again, remove herbs and eat. One set daily, seven days cures. (Qianjin Fang)
Deficiency-Cold Lumbago: Use one sheep head and hooves, 4 Caoguo, 1 liang Gui (Cinnamon), 0.5 jin Shengjiang, Ha-xi-ni (Asafoetida?) one bean size, boil with pepper and eat. (Zhengyao)
Skin
[Indications] All Winds, and Empty Wind in legs, tonifies deficiency-labor, remove hair, make soup/paste and eat (...).
Bruising; Burn dry skin and take, treat Gu Du (Poison) and lower blood (Li Shizhen).
Fat (Green sheep are good)
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet, Hot, Non-toxic. Danfang Jingyuan says: Softens silver and copper.
[Indications] Raw Fat: Stops dysentery and rectal prolapse, removes Wind-Toxin, postpartum abdominal colic (Sun Simiao).
Hu Qia Fang has Qingyang Zhi Wan (Green Sheep Fat Pill)). Removes wandering Wind and Black...
Moistens skin, kills insects, treats sores/tinea. Enters plasters, penetrates muscle/meridians, clears Wind-Heat toxins (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Formulas] One old formula, thirteen new formulas.
Dysentery Abdominal Pain: 2 liang Yang Zhi (Sheep Fat), 2 liang Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin), 2 liang La (Beeswax), 2 sheng Shumi (Millet), boil porridge and eat. (Qianjin Fang)
Pregnancy Dysentery: Ten pieces of Yang Zhi the size of chess pieces, 1 sheng warm wine, take at once, three times daily. (Qianjin Fang)
Deficiency-Labor Dry Mouth: Qianjin Fang: Use Yang Zhi size of chicken egg, 0.5 sheng Chunjiu (Pure Wine), 7 dates, soak 7 days and eat, immediate cure. Waitai Miyao: Use Yang Zhi size of chicken egg, put in 0.5 jin Cu (Vinegar) overnight, squeeze juice and hold in mouth.
Sudden Profuse Sweating: Cow/Sheep fat, dissolve frequently in warm wine, take. (Waitai Miyao)
Spleen Horizontal and Red Claws: Fry Yang Zhi and rub. (Waitai Miyao)
Postpartum Emaciation: Makes person fat, white, strong. 2 jin Yang Zhi, 1 dou Shengdihuang Juice, 5 sheng Jiang汁, 3 sheng Bai Mi (White Honey), fry into malt syrup. Take one cup warm wine, three times daily. (Gujin Lu Yan)
Female Genital Prolapse: Fry Yang Zhi and frequently apply. (Guangli Fang)
Back Abscess Early Stage: Slice Yang Zhi and Pig Fat, soak in cold water and apply, change when hot. Few days cures. (Waitai Miyao)
Teeth Guan ...: Black ... Sheep Fat, Langdangzi equal parts, burn in cup, open mouth and fumigate. (Qianjin Fang)
Pediatric Mouth Ulcers: Fry Yiyiren Root (Coix Root) in Yang Zhi and apply. (Huoyou Xinshu)
Pea-like Sores, Red-Black: Fry Qingyang Zhi (Green Sheep Fat) and rub. (Qianjin Fang)
Red Erysipelas like Sores, Untreated Kills: Fry Qingyang Zhi and rub, few times cures. (Jiyan)
Accidentally Swallowing Nails/Needles: Eat much fat sheep fat, eventually comes out naturally. (Zhouhou Beiji Fang)
Blood (White sheep are good)
[Flavor and Nature] Salty, Neutral, Non-toxic.
Li Shizhen says: According to Xia Ziyi's Qiji Fang: Long-term consumption of pig/sheep blood causes nose hairs to grow, five cun per day/night, gradually like rope, painful to bear, plucked and regrows. Only use Rushi (Milkstone) and ...Sha (Cinnabar?) equal parts made into pills. Empty stomach, one dose before sleep, swallow ten pills with water, falls out naturally.
[Indications] Women with Wind-Stroke Blood Deficiency oppression, and postpartum Blood Fainting, suffocating near death, drink 1 sheng hot immediately revives (Su Gong). Drink 1 sheng hot, treats postpartum Blood Attack, expels placenta, treats sudden fright bleeding from nine orifices, resolves Mangcao (Veratrum) toxin, Humancacao (Stramonium) toxin, and resolves all Danshi (Mineral drug) toxicity onset (Li Shizhen. From Yanshou formulas).
[Elucidation]
Dansha (Cinnabar), Shuiyin (Mercury), Qingfen (Calomel), Shengyin (Raw Silver), ...Sha, Pishuang (Arsenic Trioxide), Liuhuang (Sulfur)
Konggong ... etc. toxins. Whenever toxicity onset is felt, prick and drink 1 sheng immediately resolves. Also
others say it resolves Humancacao toxin. Sheep blood's detoxification function is thus, yet Bencao does not mention it, truly a missing text.
[Attached Formulas] Two old formulas, five new formulas.
Nosebleed Lasting One Month: Prick sheep blood, drink hot immediately cures. (Shenghui Fang) Postpartum Blood Attack or continuous bleeding, heart oppression, blue face, cold body near death: Drink one cup fresh sheep blood, three...
Lower GI Bleeding: Cook sheep blood熟, mix with vinegar and eat, most effective. (Wu Qiu Bianmin Shiliao)
Sulfur Toxicity Onset Breathlessness: Drink one he hot sheep blood effective. (Shenghui Fang)
Eating Pickles Swallowing Leech: Leech eats organ blood, intestinal pain, yellow/emaciated. Drink 1-2 sheng hot sheep blood, next morning dissolve 1 sheng pig fat and drink, leech comes down. (Zhouhou Fang)
Accidentally Swallowing Centipede: Prick pig/sheep blood and灌 (pour) it, immediately vomits out. Formerly a shopkeeper's wife had centipede in bellows enter abdomen, she collapsed, screaming terrifyingly. Daoist Liu Fuzhen cured using this method. (Sanyuan Yanshou Shu)
Bei (Mythical Beast). Prick sheep blood, drink one small cup hot, extremely effective. (Shenghui Fang)
Milk (White ... are best)
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet
[Indications] Tonifies Cold-Deficiency Exhaustion (Mingyi Bielu). Moistens Lung/Heart, treats Xiaoke (Thirst) (Zhen Quan). Treats deficiency-labor, benefits Essence/Qi, tonifies Lung/Kidney Qi, harmonizes Small Intestine Qi. Mix with fat to make soup and eat, tonifies Kidney deficiency, and male/female Wind-Stroke (Zhang Ding). Benefits Large Intestine, treats pediatric convulsions. Hold in mouth, treat...
Mouth Ulcers
Regurgitation, Pediatric Hiccups... and Tongue Swelling, frequent...
11th Year of Zhenyuan, Cui Yuanwai said, someone bitten by spider, belly large as pregnancy, whole body grew silk, family abandoned him, begging on road. Monk advised eating sheep milk, soon disease平息 (subsided).
[Elucidation] Tao Hongjing says: Cow/Sheep milk are truly tonifying/moistening, hence northerners eating them become fat/strong.
Su Gong says: Northerners become fat/strong because they don't eat salty/fishy, land environment causes this, what relation to drinking milk? Tao was ignorant, hence these remarks.
Li Shizhen says: Local diet and environment support each other. Tao's view is biased, Su's view is excessive. Danxi says regurgitation patients should drink frequently, taking advantage of drying Stomach/Large Intestine.
[Attached Formulas] One old formula, two new formulas.
Pediatric Mouth Ulcers: Filter sheep milk finely and hold in mouth, few times cures. (Duanju Fang)
Lacquer Dermatitis Itching: Apply sheep milk. (Qianjin Yi Fang)
Dark Face to White: 3 jin white sheep milk, 3 sheep pancreases, mix and pound. Every night wash clean...
Brain
[Flavor and Nature] Toxic.
Meng Shen says: Induces Wind Disease. Mixed with wine, confuses mind, becomes Wind disease. Men eating it, damages Essence/Qi, reduces offspring. White-bodied black-headed...
, eating brain causes intestinal abscess.
[Indications] Used in facial cream/hand ointment, moistens skin, removes..., applies to trauma/Erysipelas tumors...
[Attached Formulas] Two new formulas.
Erysipelas like Tumor: Raw mutton brain, mix with Puxiao (Mirabilite), grind, apply. (Ruizhutang Fang)
Toe Corn: Pierce, mix with new wine/vinegar and sheep brain, apply one he cures. (Gujin Lu Yan)
Marrow
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet, Warm, Non-toxic.
[Indications] Men/Women internal injury, Yin/Yang Qi insufficiency, benefits vessels, enriches Jing Qi, take with wine (Mingyi Bielu). Resolves Wind-Heat, stops toxins. Long-term use does not harm (Sun Simiao).
Eliminates scars (Li Shizhen. Shanfan treats Lung deficiency with brittle hair, used in Su Sui Tang).
[Attached Formulas] Five new formulas.
Lung Atrophy Bone-Steaming: Fry Yang Zhi, fry Yang Sui each 5 liang, boil, add refined honey and Shengdihuang Juice each 5 he, Shengjiang Juice 1 he, stir constantly, simmer slowly into paste. Take one spoon warm wine empty stomach daily, or add to porridge. (Yinshan Zhengyao)
Red Pterygium in Eyes: Apply white sheep marrow. (Qianjin Fang)
Tongue Ulcers: Marrow from sheep tibia bone, mix with Hufen (Lead Carbonate), apply, excellent. (Shenghui Fang)
White Bald Scalp Sores: Raw sheep bone marrow, mix with Qingfen (Calomel), apply. First wash with rice water. Twice daily, few days cures. (Jingyan Fang)
Scabs not falling off, Pox scabs... not falling off,
Scar Elimination Formula: Use sheep ... bone marrow (refined) 1 liang, Qingfen 1 qian, mix into paste, apply. (Chen Wenzhong Formula)
Heart (Use white ram heart below)
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet, Warm, Non-toxic.
Rieming says: Those with holes kill people.
[Indications] Stops sorrow/oppression chest Qi (Mingyi Bielu). Tonifies Heart (Chen Cangqi).
[Attached Formulas] One new formula.
Heart Qi Depression: One sheep heart, 3 qian Zufan (Saffron), soak in rose water one zhan, add little salt, slowly spread on heart, roast/cook熟 and eat, makes heart peaceful and joyful. (Zhengyao)
Lung
[Flavor and Nature] Same as Heart. Meng Shen says: From March to May, there are worms inside, shaped like horse tails, 2-3 cun long. Must remove, if not, causes dysentery.
[Indications] Tonifies Lung, stops cough (Mingyi Bielu). Internal injury, tonifies insufficiency, removes Wind-Evil (Sun Simiao). Treats thirst, stops frequent urination, cook with Vigna leaves and eat (Su Gong). Unblocks Lung Qi, benefits urination, moves water, resolves Gu poison...
[Attached Formulas] One old formula, six new formulas.
Chronic Cough Lung Atrophy Dryness: Yang Fei Tang: Wash one sheep lung clean, use Xingren (Apricot Kernel), Shishuang (Persimmon Frost), Zhen Doufen (True Bean Flour), Zhen Su (True Butter) each 1 liang, Bai...