（宋《开宝》）
【释名】时珍曰∶青亦作鲭，以色名也。大者名 鱼。
【集解】颂曰∶青鱼生江湖间，南方多有。北地时或有之，取无时。似鲤、鲩而背正青
色。南方多以作 ，古人所谓五侯鲭 即此。其头中枕骨蒸令
煮拍作酒器、梳、篦，甚佳。旧注言可代琥珀者，非也。
肉
【气味】甘，平，无毒。
《日华》曰∶微毒。服术人忌之。
【主治】香港脚湿痹（《开宝》）。同韭白煮食，治香港脚脚弱烦闷，益气
【气味】与服石人相反（《开宝》）。
弘景曰∶不可合生胡荽、生葵菜、豆藿、麦酱同食。
头中枕
【主治】水磨服，主心腹卒气痛（《开宝》）。
解蛊毒（
眼睛汁
【主治】注目，能夜视（《开宝》）。
胆（腊月收取阴干。）
【气味】苦，寒，无毒。
【主治】点暗目，涂热疮（《开宝》）。消赤目肿痛，吐喉痹痰涎及鱼骨
珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶东方青色，入通肝胆，开窍于目。用青鱼胆以治目疾，盖取此义。其
治喉痹骨鲠，则取漏泄系乎酸苦之义也。
【附方】新八。
乳蛾喉痹∶青鱼胆含咽。一方∶用汁灌鼻中，取吐。万氏∶用胆矾盛青鱼胆中，阴干。
每用少许，吹喉取吐。一方∶用朴硝代胆矾。
海螵蛸末等分。龚氏《易简》∶用黄连切片
入片脑少许，瓶收密封。每日点之，甚妙。
各七个、牛胆半两，熊胆二钱半，麝香少许，石决明一两。为末，糊丸梧子大。每空心茶下
十丸。（《龙木论》）
(From the Song Dynasty *Kaibao Bencao*)
[Names] Li Shizhen stated: "Qingyu" is also written as "Zheng," named after its color. The larger ones are called "Ci fish."
[Collection and Explanation] Su Song stated: "Qingyu" lives in rivers and lakes, and is abundant in the southern regions. It occasionally appears in the north and can be caught at any time. It resembles carp (*Cyprinus carpio*) and grass carp (*Ctenopharyngodon idella*), but has a pure green back. Southerners often make pickled fish from it; the "Five Marquis's Pickled Fish" mentioned by ancients refers to this fish. The occipital bone in the head of the Qingyu, when steamed, can be crafted into wine vessels, combs, and hair sticks, which are very excellent. Old annotations claiming it can substitute for amber are incorrect.
[Properties and Flavor] Sweet, neutral, non-toxic.
*Ri Hua* stated: Slightly toxic. Those taking mineral drugs (Shiyao) should avoid it.
[Therapeutic Actions] Treats Hongjiao damp-bi syndrome (from *Kaibao Bencao*). Boiled with white parts of Chinese chive (*Allium tuberosum*), it treats weakness and restlessness in the legs caused by Hongjiao, and benefits Qi.
[Properties and Flavor] Opposite to those taking mineral drugs (from *Kaibao Bencao*).
Tao Hongjing stated: Do not consume together with raw coriander (*Coriandrum sativum*), raw okra (*Abelmoschus esculentus*), bean leaves, or wheat sauce.
[Occipital Bone Therapeutic Actions] Ground with water and taken orally, it treats sudden qi pain in the heart and abdomen (from *Kaibao Bencao*).
[Eye Juice Therapeutic Actions] Gazing with it enables night vision (from *Kaibao Bencao*).
[Gallbladder] (Collected in the twelfth lunar month and dried in the shade.)
[Properties and Flavor] Bitter, cold, non-toxic.
[Therapeutic Actions] Applied to eyes to treat cataracts (anmi), and applied to hot sores (from *Kaibao Bencao*). Reduces swelling and pain of red eyes, induces vomiting to expel phlegm-saliva in throat obstruction (houbi) and fish bones stuck in the throat (Li Shizhen).
[Invention/Explanation] Li Shizhen stated: In the East corresponds to the color Green, entering and communicating with the Liver and Gallbladder, opening through the eyes. Using Qingyu gallbladder to treat eye diseases likely derives from this principle. Its treatment of throat obstruction and fish bone impaction derives from the principle that sour and bitter flavors promote drainage and purgation.
[Attached Formulas] Eight new formulas.
Millet ear and throat obstruction: Contain and swallow Qingyu gallbladder juice. Another formula: Instill juice into the nose to induce vomiting. Wan's formula: Place Qingyu gallbladder inside alum (mineral alum), dry in the shade. Use a small amount each time, blow into the throat to induce vomiting. Another formula: Use mirabilite (Gypsum Fibrosum) instead of alum.
Equal parts of cuttlefish bone (Sepiae Endoconcha) powder. Gong's *Yijian Fang*: Slice Coptis chinensis (*Coptidis Rhizoma*), add a little borneol, store in a bottle sealed tightly. Apply to the eyes daily, very effective.
Seven [units unspecified, likely fish parts], half tael of ox gallbladder, two qian and half of bear gallbladder, a little musk, one tael of concha margaritifera (Haliotidis Concha). Grind into powder, make pills with paste the size of wutong seeds. Take ten pills on an empty stomach with tea. (From *Longmu Lun*)