Library

(Song Dynasty *Jiayou Bencao* records)
Tang Shenwei said: For treating infantile night crying. Place it under the mat, without letting the mother know.
Chen Zangqi said: For treating infantile white tinea capitis (tinea capitis with white scales and hair loss). Mix with flowers of *Pedicularis resupinata* (Baitouweng), burn to ash, and apply with lard from the twelfth lunar month. First wash the lesion with sour rice-washing water.
Li Shizhen said: *Qianjin Fang* records: For treating postpartum urinary incontinence. Burn to powder, take one qian with wine. Also, *Bu Zi Mifang* records: For treating "tian si ru mu" (a type of eye disease where a filament enters the eye). Burn to ash, leach with water, and wash the eyes.

Zhu Ke Cao (Pig Nest Grass)
Tang Shenwei said: For treating infantile night crying. Securely place it under the mat, without letting the mother know.

Niu Cao (Cow Grass)
See under the section on Cattle in the Beast Category.

(The following are names recorded but not practically used, totaling seventy-eight kinds)

Qu Cao
*Shennong Benjing* states: Bitter, slightly cold, non-toxic. Mainly treats pain below the chest and hypochondrium, pathogenic factors, alternating cold and heat in the intestines, and yin bi (bi-syndrome of the genital region). Long-term use lightens the body, benefits qi, and delays aging.
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Grows in the rivers and marshes of Hanzhong. Harvested in May.

Bie Ji
*Shennong Benjing* states: Bitter, slightly warm, non-toxic. Mainly treats body heaviness due to wind-cold-dampness bi-syndrome, pain and soreness of the four limbs, and joint pain caused by cold pathogens (li jie tong).
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Also known as Bie Zhi. Grows in the valleys of Lantian. Harvested in February and August. Tao Hongjing said: Physicians occasionally use it, but it is now extinct.

Li Lou Cao
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Salty, neutral, non-toxic. Mainly benefits qi and strength, promotes fertility, lightens the body, and extends life. Grows in Changshan. Harvested in July.

Shen Hu Cao
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Grows north of Changshan. Harvested in August. It is said to enable one to guard alone, repel others with shouts, and prevent bandits from entering.
Li Shizhen said: *Wulei Zhi* calls it Humen Cao (Door-Guarding Grass), also known as Ling Cao. People there place it on the door; when someone's clothes brush against it, it makes a noise as if scolding them. Wang Yun's poem says: "Frost covers the palace locust trees, wind startles the door-guarding grass." This refers to it. However, its shape is not described, which is a pity.

Huang Hu Cao
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Non-toxic. Mainly treats bi-syndrome, benefits qi, and increases appetite. Grows in Longxi.

Que Yi Cao (Sparrow Medicine Grass)
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Bitter, non-toxic. Mainly lightens the body, benefits qi, washes ulcerated sores, and treats wind-water edema. Also known as Bai Qi. Grows in spring, blooms white flowers in autumn, and bears black fruits in winter.

Mu Gan Cao (Wood Sweet Grass)
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Mainly treats severe heat in carbuncles and swellings; boil and wash. Grows in forests, emerges in March, leaves are large and snake-shaped, with four leaves opposite each other. It grows easily from cuttings. Blooms white flowers in May, red-seeded fruits. Harvested on the third day of the third lunar month.

Yi Jue Cao
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Pungent, warm, non-toxic. Mainly treats cough with lung injury. Grows on the south side of mountains. Roots resemble *Asarum* (Xixin).

Jiu Shu Cao (Nine-Ripening Grass)
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, warm, non-toxic. Mainly induces sweating, stops diarrhea, and treats chest oppression. Also known as Wu Su, also known as Que Su. Grows in households, leaves resemble jujube, ripens nine times a year. Harvested in July.

Dui Cao
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sour, neutral, non-toxic. Mainly lightens the body, benefits qi, and extends life. Grows on vines in winter, leaves are yellow and hairy.

Yi Cao
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, non-toxic. Mainly treats atrophy-bi and alternating cold and heat, removes black spots. Grows on fence trees, leaves resemble malva, stems have prickles.

Guan Cao
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Also known as Shu Gan (Rat Liver). Leaves are smooth, greenish-white. Mainly treats carbuncles.

KT Cao
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Pungent, non-toxic. Mainly treats metal weapon wounds (jin chuang). KT, pronounced "qi".

Shen Cao
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, non-toxic. Mainly treats severe bi-syndrome swelling. Grows in mountains and marshes, resembles *Typha* pollen (Puhuang), leaves resemble mustard greens.

Ying Cao Hua
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Pungent, neutral, non-toxic. Mainly treats bi-qi, strengthens yin, treats female labor jaundice, relieves vexation, and strengthens sinews and bones. Treats head wind, can be used as a hair-washing medicine. Grows on vines. Also known as Lu Ying. Harvested in September, dried in shade.

Feng Hua
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, toxic. Mainly treats scabies, nourishes flesh, removes necrotic tissue. Harvested on the Summer Solstice.

Hua (pronounced Tian)
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, non-toxic. Mainly treats ascending qi, relieves vexation, and strengthens sinews and bones.

Jie Hua
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Bitter, non-toxic. Mainly treats internal injury, atrophy-bi, and overflow edema. Bark: mainly treats guest heat qi in the spleen. Also known as Shan Jie, also known as Da Jie, also known as Tong Qi. Harvested in October, sun-dried.

Rang Shi
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sour. Mainly treats throat bi, stops dysentery. Harvested in October, dried in shade.

Yang Shi
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Bitter, cold. Mainly treats alopecia, malignant sores, scabies, and tinea crustosa. Grows in Shu Commandery.

Sang Jing Shi
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sour, warm, non-toxic. Mainly treats residual diseases after childbirth and pregnancy. Lightens the body, benefits qi. Also known as Cao Wang. Leaves resemble perilla. Square stem, large leaves. Grows in gardens. Harvested in October.

Ke Ju Shi
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, warm, non-toxic. Mainly lightens the body, benefits qi, and brightens the eyes. Also known as Chang Shou. Grows in wild fields and roads, spikes resemble wheat, leaves resemble mugwort. Harvested in May.

Man Yin Shi
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sour, neutral, non-toxic. Mainly benefits qi, clears heat, stops thirst, promotes urination, lightens the body, and extends life. Grows in deep mountains and gardens, stems resemble mustard, leaves small, fruits resemble cherries. Ripens in July. Pu said: Vines resemble melons.

Ma Dian
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, toxic. Treats edema. Do not eat in excess.

Ma Feng
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Pungent, non-toxic. Mainly treats tinea worms.

Tu Zao
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sour, non-toxic. Mainly lightens the body, benefits qi. Grows in Danyang ridge lands, about one chi high, fruits resemble jujubes.

Lu Liang
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Salty, foul-smelling. Mainly treats infantile convulsions and epilepsy, ben tun (gas rushing from lower abdomen to chest), spasms, and adult [epilepsy/seizures]. Harvested in May.

Ji Nie
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, neutral, non-toxic. Mainly brightens the eyes, treats cold wind in the eyes, various deficiencies, edema and pathogenic factors, tonifies the middle, stops dysentery, and treats leukorrhea in women. Also known as Yin Luo, grows in Ji Mountain. Harvested anytime.

Xi Luo
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, non-toxic. Mainly treats long disease (urinary difficulty/retention). Also known as Xing Luo, also known as Ni Luo.

Que Mei
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sour, cold, toxic. Mainly corrodes malignant sores. Also known as Qian Que. Grows in rocky valleys near seawater.
Tao Hongjing said: Leaves and fruits both resemble *Prunus mume* (Meizi).

Yan Chi
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Mainly treats infantile epilepsy and alternating cold and heat. Harvested on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month.

Tu Chi
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, neutral, non-toxic. Mainly lightens the body, benefits qi, and extends life. Grows in hill lands, shaped like horse teeth.

Jin Jing
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Bitter, neutral, non-toxic. Mainly treats internal leakage from metal weapon wounds. Also known as Ye Jin Cao, grows in high places in marshes.

Bei Bai
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Bitter, neutral, non-toxic. Mainly treats alternating cold and heat, washes malignant sores and scabies. Grows in hills, roots resemble *Catalpa* (Ziwei), leaves resemble Yan Lu. Harvested anytime.

Qing Ci
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Bitter. Mainly treats malignant sores, bald sores, fire qi, kills three parasites. Also known as Chong Sun, also known as Meng Tui. Grows in Fang... (text incomplete)

Bai Xin
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Pungent, toxic. Mainly treats alternating cold and heat. Also known as Tuo Wei, also known as Yang Cao. Grows in Chu Mountains. Harvest roots in March... (text incomplete)

Chi Ju
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, non-toxic. Mainly treats abdominal pain. Also known as Yang Yi, also known as Ling Ke. Grows on the south side of mountains, flowers bloom on sharp vines in February, black fruits with pits in May. Harvest leaves on the third day of the third lunar month, dry in shade.

Chi Nie
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, non-toxic. Mainly treats zhu disease and metrorrhagia, stops bleeding, benefits qi. Grows in shady, damp rocky areas in Shu Commandery, harvest... (text incomplete)

Chi He
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Bitter, cold, toxic. Mainly treats crusted malignant sores, eliminates three parasites and pathogenic factors. Grows in valleys of Yizhou. Harvested in February and August.

Huang Shu
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Bitter, non-toxic. Mainly treats mental restlessness, stops sweating. Grows resembling paulownia roots.

Huang Bian
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, neutral, non-toxic. Mainly treats abdominal hernia and masses, mouth ulcers, and umbilical injuries. Also known as Jing Bian.

Zi Gei
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Salty. Mainly treats toxic head wind with diarrhea. Also known as Ye Kui. Grows in lowlands below high ridges. Harvest roots on the third day of the third lunar month, roots... (text incomplete)

Zi Lan
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Salty, non-toxic. Mainly treats meat poisoning, can eliminate toxicity.

Fen Lan
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Bitter. Mainly treats body itching sores, white tinea capitis, and lacquer dermatitis; wash with it. Grows in Fangling.

Ba Zhu
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, non-toxic. Mainly treats cold syndromes, stops bleeding, and treats leukorrhea. Grows in Luoyang.

Qi Zi
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Bitter. Mainly treats lower abdominal pain, promotes lower abdominal flow, breaks accumulations, nourishes flesh, long-term use lightens the body and extends life. Grows in Yuanju. Harvested in February and July.

Wen Shi
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet. Mainly treats alternating cold and heat with mental restlessness. Also known as Shu Shi. Grows underwater in marshes of Dongjun, five-colored, juicy and moist... (text incomplete)

Lu Shi
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, sour, non-toxic. Mainly treats heart and abdominal diseases, stops sweating, generates flesh, treats rhinophyma, benefits qi, enhances cold resistance, and fills marrow. Also known as Ling Shi. Grows on grassy rocks, dries uniquely during rain, moistens uniquely at sunrise, yellow flowers, red-black stems, fruits once every three years, red like hemp seeds. Harvest stems and leaves in May and October, dry in shade.

Kuang Shi
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, neutral, non-toxic. Mainly benefits qi, nourishes spirit, clears heat, and stops thirst. Grows in Jiangnan, resembles Shi Cao.

Bai Shi
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Bitter, non-toxic. Mainly treats thirst and bi-syndrome.

Shi Ju
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, non-toxic. Mainly treats thirst and xiao zhong (middle-jiao diabetes symptoms).

Shi Yun
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, non-toxic. Mainly treats eye pain, dripping discharge, alternating cold and heat, and hemorrhage. Also known as She Lie, also known as Gu Zhuo. Harvest stems and leaves in March and May, dry in shade.

Zhu Fu
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, non-toxic. Stops pain and removes blood stasis.

Mi E
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sour, non-toxic. Mainly treats liver pathogenic qi. Also known as Du Feng.

Lu Jing
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Neutral. Treats insect poison. Grows in Yizhou.

Tang Yi
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Bitter, non-toxic. Mainly treats fracture... (text incomplete, likely fractures or trauma).

Zhi Zhang
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, non-toxic. Treats hernia.

He Jian
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sour. Mainly treats phlegm-nodules caused by constrained qi in the throat and neck. Grows in the sea. Harvested in August and September.

Qu Yu
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Pungent, non-toxic. Mainly treats heat retention in heart and abdomen.

Wang Ming
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Bitter. Mainly treats body heat and pathogenic factors, infantile fever; use for bathing. Grows in valleys. Also known as Wang Cao.

Shi Xi
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, non-toxic. Mainly treats carbuncles and malignant sores; boil and wash. Also known as Chen Yao, also known as Ju Gu, also known as Gui Ba. Grows in flat marshes. Harvested in August.

Bing Ku
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Mainly treats cough with upward rushing qi, benefits lung qi, and calms the five zang organs. Also known as Yu Xun, also known as Yu Jing. Harvested in March. Dry in shade. Yu, pronounced "huo".

Suo Qian
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Bitter, non-toxic. Mainly treats ear diseases. Also known as Ma Er.

Liang Da
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Mainly treats toothache, stops thirst, lightens the body. Grows on the south side of mountains, stems spread, large as malva, seeds smooth and small.

Yi Gong
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Bitter, cold, non-toxic. Mainly treats fright qi and cold damage, abdominal pain, emaciation, pathogenic factors in the skin, and cold, colorless extremities. Grows in valleys of Yizhou. Averse to Yu Zha and Fei KT.

Chuan Hong
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sour, non-toxic. Mainly directs qi downward, stops fullness and vexation. Can be used as a bath decoction, medicinal color is yellow. Grows in Shu Commandery. Start of Autumn... (text incomplete)

Gu Huo
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, warm, non-toxic. Mainly treats severe wind pathogenic factors, damp-bi cold pain, long-term use lightens the body, benefits longevity, and delays aging. Also known as Dong Kui Zi. Grows in Hedong.
Tao Hongjing said: There is no such medicine; rather, there is Gu Huo Wan, which is another name for Ye Ge (wild ginseng/aconite). Dong Kui is not the Dong Kui Zi of vegetables.
Su Gong said: *Bie Ben* also calls it Ji Jing.

Bai Nv Chang
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Pungent, warm, non-toxic. Mainly treats dysentery and intestinal... (text incomplete, likely intestinal sounds/diarrhea), treats heart pain, breaks hernia and masses. Grows in deep valleys, leaves resemble indigo, fruits red; Chi Nv Chang is the same.

Bai Shan Gen
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Bitter, cold, non-toxic. Mainly treats malaria, skin alternating cold and heat, sweating, causes transformation... (text incomplete).

Huang Bai Zhi
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Grows in hills. Harvest roots in March and April, sun-dry.

Fu Bi Gen
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Pungent, toxic. Use for moxibustion/warming compresses on carbuncles and abdominal distension. Also known as Gao Yu, also known as Zao Zao.

Jie Pai Fu
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Pungent, warm, non-toxic. Mainly lightens the body and treats bi-syndrome. Harvested in May, dry in shade.

Wu Mu Ma
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Bitter, toxic. Mainly treats atrophy-bi with difficulty in defecation, and dysentery. Also known as Lu Ma, also known as Gui Ze Ma, also known as Tian Ma, also known as Ruo Cao. Grows in fields. Harvested in May. Li Shizhen said: The white-flowered variety of *Leonurus japonicus* (Chongwei) is also called Tian Ma Cao.

Wu Se Fu
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Bitter, slightly warm. Mainly treats cough, five zang pathogenic factors, regulates middle and benefits qi, brightens eyes, and kills parasites. Qing Fu, Bai Fu, Chi Fu, Hei Fu, Huang Fu, each supplements its corresponding zang organ according to color. Bai Fu, also known as Nu Mu, grows in valleys of Ba Commandery.

Jiu She Ren Zhe
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, toxic. Mainly treats hernia-bi, promotes qi flow, and various deficiencies. Grows in human dwellings. Harvested in May and October.

Chang Li Zhi Sheng (*Shu Ben*, Li written as Geng)
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Bitter, neutral, non-toxic. Mainly brightens the eyes. Fruits have thorns, large as... (text incomplete)

Zai
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sour, non-toxic. Mainly treats all evil qi.

Qing
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Bitter, non-toxic. Mainly treats cough.

(Pronounced hu wa qie)
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Sweet, non-toxic. Mainly benefits qi and extends life. Grows in valleys. Bai Shunli, harvested in October.

Jie
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Bitter, cold, non-toxic. Mainly treats diabetes mellitus, stops bleeding, treats women's diseases, and eliminates bi-syndrome. Also known as Li. Leaves resemble Da Qing.