（《别录》上品）
【释名】家雁（《纲目》）、舒雁。
时珍曰∶鹅鸣自呼。江东谓之舒雁，似雁而舒迟也。
【集解】时珍曰∶江淮以南多畜之。有苍、白二色，及大而垂胡者。并绿眼黄喙红掌，
善斗，其夜鸣应更。师旷《禽经》云∶脚近
谓向月取气助卵也。性能啖蛇及蚓，制射
白鹅膏（腊月炼收）
【气味】甘，微寒，无毒。
【主治】灌耳，治卒聋（《别录》）。润皮肤，可合面脂（《日华》）。涂面急，令人悦白。
唇
肉
【气味】甘，平，无毒。
《日华》曰∶白鹅∶辛，凉，无毒。苍鹅∶冷，有毒，发疮肿。
诜曰∶鹅肉性冷，多食令人易霍乱，发痼疾。
李鹏飞曰∶嫩鹅毒，老鹅良。
【主治】利五脏（《别录》）。解五脏热，服丹石人宜之（孟诜）。煮汁，止消渴（藏器）。
【发明】藏器曰∶苍鹅食虫，主射工毒为良。白鹅不食虫，止渴为胜。
时珍曰∶鹅气味俱浓，发风发疮，莫此为甚，火熏者尤毒。曾目击其害，而本草谓其性
凉利五脏，
可
发胃气者皆能生津，岂独止渴者便曰性凉乎？参苓白术散乃治渴要药，何尝寒凉耶？
（一名尾罂，尾肉也）
时珍曰
【主治】涂手足皴裂。纳耳中，治聋及 耳
血
【气味】咸，平，微毒。
【主治】中射工毒者，饮之，并涂其身（陶弘景）。解药毒（时珍曰∶祈祷家多用之）。
胆
【气味】苦，寒，无毒。
【主治】解热毒及痔疮初起。频涂抹之，自消（时珍）。
【附方】新一。
痔疮有核∶白鹅胆二三枚，取汁，入熊胆二分，片脑半分，研匀，瓷器密封，勿令泄气。
用则手指涂之，立效。（刘
卵
【气味】甘，温，无毒。
【主治】补中益气。多食发痼疾（孟诜）。
涎
【主治】咽喉谷贼（时珍）。
【发明】
时珍曰∶按∶洪迈《夷坚志》云∶小儿误吞稻芒，着咽喉中不能出者，名曰谷贼。惟以
鹅涎灌之即愈。盖鹅涎化谷相制耳。
毛
【主治】射工水毒（《别录》）。小儿惊痫。又烧
【发明】弘景曰∶东川多溪毒，养鹅以辟之。毛羽亦佳，并饮其血。鹅未必食射工，盖
以威
时珍曰∶《禽经》云∶鹅飞则蜮沉。蜮即射工也。又《岭南异物志》云∶邕州蛮人选鹅
腹毳毛为衣、被絮，柔暖而性冷。婴儿尤宜之，能辟惊痫。柳子浓诗云∶鹅毛御腊缝山 ，
即此。盖毛与肉性不同也。
【附方】新二。
通气散∶治误吞铜钱及钩绳。鹅毛一钱（烧灰），磁石皂子大（ ），象牙一钱（烧存性），
为末。每服半钱，新汲水下。（《医方妙选》）
噎食病∶白鹅尾毛烧灰，米汤每服一钱。
掌上黄皮
【主治】烧研，搽脚趾缝湿烂。焙研，油调，涂冻疮良（
屎
【主治】绞汁服，治小儿鹅口疮（时珍。出《秘录》）。
苍鹅屎∶敷虫、蛇咬毒（《日华》）。
【附方】新一。
鹅口疮∶自内生出可治，自外生入不可治。用食草白鹅下清粪滤汁，入沙糖少许搽之。
或用雄鹅粪眠倒者烧灰，入麝香少许搽之，并效。（《永类钤方
(Recorded in the Upper Grade of *Bie Lu* [Separate Records])
[Names] Jia Yan (Domestic Goose, from *Ben Cao Gang Mu*), Shu Yan.
Li Shizhen stated: The goose calls out its own name. In the Jiangdong region, it is called Shu Yan because it resembles a wild goose but moves slowly and leisurely.
[Collection and Explanation] Li Shizhen stated: It is widely raised south of the Jianghuai region. There are green and white varieties, as well as those that are large with hanging neck wattles. They typically have green eyes, yellow beaks, and red feet. They are good at fighting, and their night cries correspond to the watch hours. Shi Kuang's *Qin Jing* [Classic of Birds and Animals] states: ...feet near... (text fragment). It is said they draw qi from the moon to assist egg formation. Its nature allows it to eat snakes and earthworms, and it can counteract the She Gong insect [a toxic aquatic insect].
White Goose Ointment (Refined and collected in the twelfth lunar month)
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet, slightly cold, non-toxic.
[Indications] Drip into the ear to treat sudden deafness (*Bie Lu*). Moisturizes the skin; can be combined to make facial cosmetics (*Ri Hua*). Applied to tight facial skin, it makes the complexion bright and white.
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet, neutral, non-toxic.
*Ri Hua Ben Cao* states: White goose meat is pungent, cool, and non-toxic; Green goose meat is cold and toxic, prone to inducing sores and swelling.
Meng Shen stated: Goose meat is cold in nature; excessive consumption easily causes cholera and triggers chronic diseases.
Li Pengfei stated: Young geese are toxic; old geese are superior.
[Indications] Promotes the free flow of the Five Zang Organs (*Bie Lu*). Clears heat from the Five Zang Organs; suitable for those taking Dan Shi [mineral pills/elixirs] (Meng Shen). Boiled into juice, it stops thirst (Chen Cangqi).
[Elucidation] Chen Cangqi stated: Green geese eat insects and are best for treating She Gong toxicity. White geese do not eat insects but excel at quenching thirst.
Li Shizhen stated: The flavor and nature of goose are strong; it induces wind disorders and sores more severely than any other food. Fire-smoked goose is especially toxic. I have witnessed its harmful effects with my own eyes. Yet, herbal texts claim it is cool and benefits the five zang organs. Does every substance that generates stomach qi and produces body fluids count as cool? Just because something quenches thirst does not mean it is inherently cool? Can Ling Bai Zhu San [Ginseng, Poria, and Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder], a key remedy for thirst, be considered cold or cool?
(Goose tail is also known as Wei Ying, referring to the tail meat.)
Li Shizhen stated
[Indications] Apply to cracked hands and feet. Insert into the ear to treat deafness and ear diseases.
[Blood - Flavor and Nature] Salty, neutral, slightly toxic.
[Indications] For those poisoned by the She Gong insect, drink the blood and apply it to the body (Tao Hongjing). Resolves drug toxicity (Li Shizhen stated: Often used by practitioners of prayer and rituals).
[Gallbladder]
[Flavor and Nature] Bitter, cold, non-toxic.
[Indications] Resolves heat toxicity and early-stage hemorrhoids. Frequent application leads to spontaneous resolution (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Prescriptions] New Formula 1.
Hemorrhoids with nodules: Take two or three gallbladders from a white goose, extract the juice, add two fen of Ursus Arctos Bile [Bear Gallbladder] and half a fen of Borneolum Syntheticum [Borneol], grind uniformly, seal tightly in a porcelain vessel to prevent leakage. When using, apply with a finger; immediate effect is achieved. (Liu...)
[Egg]
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet, warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] Tonifies the Middle Jiao and boosts Qi. Excessive consumption triggers chronic diseases (Meng Shen).
[Saliva]
[Indications] Treats "Gu Zei" [Rice awn stuck in throat] in the throat (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation]
Li Shizhen stated: According to Hong Mai's *Yi Jian Zhi*: If a child accidentally swallows a rice awn that gets stuck in the throat and cannot be removed, it is called "Gu Zei." Only irrigating with goose saliva brings recovery. This is because goose saliva dissolves grain matter through mutual constraint.
[Feather]
[Indications] Treats She Gong water toxicity (*Bie Lu*). Pediatric convulsions and epilepsy. Also burned... (text fragment)
[Elucidation] Tao Hongjing stated: The Dongchuan region has many stream toxins; raising geese repels them. The feathers are also excellent, along with drinking its blood. Geese may not necessarily eat the She Gong insect, but rather... (text fragment)
Li Shizhen stated: *Qin Jing* says: When the goose flies, the Yu [She Gong insect] sinks. The Yu is the She Gong insect. Additionally, *Lingnan Yiwu Zhi* states: People in Yongzhou select the down from the goose's belly to make clothes and quilts; they are soft, warm, and have a cold nature. Infants benefit particularly from them, as they repel convulsions and epilepsy. Liu Zongnong's poem states: "Goose feathers ward off the bitter cold, stitched into mountain..." (poem fragment), referring to this. It seems the nature of feathers differs from that of meat.
[Attached Prescriptions] New Formulas 2.
Tong Qi San [Ventilation Powder]: Treats accidental swallowing of copper coins, hooks, and ropes. Goose feather one qian [burned to ash], Magnetitum [magnet stone] the size of a soap bean [crushed], Elephantis Dentis Substantia [Ivory] one qian [burned until charred but retaining essence], ground into powder. Take half a qian per dose, washed down with fresh drawn water. (*Yi Fang Miao Xuan*)
Dysphagia [Swallowing difficulty]: Burn white goose tail feathers to ash, take one qian each time with rice soup.
[Yellow Skin on Palm]
[Indications] Burn and grind into powder, apply to wet rot between toes. Bake, grind into powder, mix with oil, and apply for chapped/cold-sores (Source truncated).
[Feces]
[Indications] Squeeze out juice and ingest to treat pediatric thrush [Candidiasis] (Li Shizhen, from *Mi Lu*).
Green goose feces: Apply to insect and snake bites/poison (*Ri Hua*).
[Attached Prescriptions] New Formula 1.
Pediatric Thrush: Those arising from within are treatable; those invading from without are untreatable. Use clear feces from a grass-eating white goose, filter the juice, add a little rock sugar, and apply to the affected area. Alternatively, burn the feces of a male goose found lying down to ash, add a little Moschus [Musk], and apply; both methods are effective. (*Yong Lei Qian Fang*)