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[Mastery]: Treats scrofula (lymphatic tuberculosis), retained blood stasis, and heart/abdominal pain. It should not be brought near the male genitalia (Su Gong).

Bone
[Flavor and Nature]: Sweet, slightly warm, non-toxic.
[Mastery]: Calms the fetus, directs qi downward, expels evil spirits and essence, and with long-term use, delays aging. It can be taken after soaking in wine (Meng Shen). Prepared as a wine infusion, it treats internal deficiency, reconnects severed injuries, tonifies bones, and dispels wind (Sun Simiao). Burned to ash and taken with water, it treats infantile projectile diarrhea (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Formulas]: One new formula.
Tonifying Deficiency and Emaciation: Deer Bone Decoction: Take one deer skeleton and two sheng of Goji root. Decoct each separately in ten dou of water to obtain five sheng of juice. Mix evenly and decoct together until five sheng remain. Take twice daily. (*Qianjin Fang*)

Meat
[Flavor and Nature]: Sweet, warm, non-toxic. Meng Shen states: It is edible from the ninth month to the first month. It should not be eaten in other months, as it causes cold pain. Meat from white-chested or leopard-spotted deer is inedible. Deer jerky that does not move when roasted, moves when exposed to water, or remains moist after sun-drying is lethal. It must not be consumed with pheasant meat, cattail shoots, [missing fish name], or shrimp, as this induces malignant sores. *Book of Rites* states: When eating deer, remove the stomach.
[Mastery]: Tonifies the middle jiao, boosts qi and strength, and strengthens the five zang organs. Raw meat treats facial paralysis (stroke-induced deviation of the mouth and eye) when sliced thinly and applied externally (*Mingyi Bielu*). Hua Tuo stated: For stroke-induced facial deviation, apply a paste of raw meat and fresh Sichuan pepper; once the face straightens, the condition resolves.
Nourishes blood and enhances complexion, treating postpartum wind-deficiency and eccentric pathogenic factors (Li Shizhen. *Waitai Miyao* contains Deer Meat Soup).
[Invention]: Sun Simiao said: Hu Jushi stated that deer are naturally alert and fierce, capable of distinguishing good grasses. They eat only Kudzu flowers, Kudzu leaves, Deer Onion, Deer Herb, White Mugwort, Water Celery, Licorice, Shepherd's Purse, Qi Tou Hao, and Mountain Cocklebur, avoiding all other grasses. They dwell on hills and thus are found in low, damp areas.
Their meat is used for spirit sacrifices due to their fierce yet pure nature. Anyone taking medicinal herbs who consumes deer meat long-term will find the medicines ineffective, because the deer eats detoxifying grasses that neutralize various drugs.
Tao Hongjing said: Among wild beasts, Chee Vole and Deer can be eaten raw without being gamey. They do not belong to the twelve Earthly Branches, nor are they governed by the Eight Trigrams. Their warmth and tonification cause no harm to life and death, so Daoists permit them to be made into jerky. Beyond this, although Chicken, Dog, Ox, and Sheep have tonifying effects, they carry karmic blame for departed souls. Chen Zangqi noted: The three sacrifices all use cured deer meat, adopting this meaning, and its flavor surpasses other meats.
Li Shizhen said: Shao Shi stated: Every part of the deer benefits humans. Whether boiled, steamed, or made into jerky, it is excellent with wine. Generally, the deer is an immortal beast, a pure-yang creature of longevity that connects with the Du Meridian. Having eaten fine grasses, its meat and horns are purely beneficial without harm; Tao's statement is also absurd.

Head Meat
[Nature]: Neutral.
[Mastery]: Treats Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst syndrome) and nightmares of ghosts. Decoct and drink the juice; making it into a gelatin is better (Su Gong. Chen Zangqi said: The head can be used to brew wine, adding green onion and pepper during the process).
[Attached Formulas]: One new formula.
Elderly Wasting-Thirst: One deer head, de-haired and boiled until soft. Season with the Five Flavors. Eat while empty-stomached, swallowing with the juice. (*Bishi*)

Hoof Meat
[Nature]: Neutral.
[Mastery]: Treats various wind disorders, pain in the bones of the feet and knees, and inability to stand. Boil and eat with soybean paste juice and Five Flavor Berry (Sun Simiao).

Fat
[Mastery]: Treats carbuncles and necrotic tissue, warms the middle jiao, treats limb immobility, headache due to wind, and opens the interstices. It should not be brought near the genitals. (The *Shennong Bencao Jing* text refers to Elk Fat, but Su Gong annotated it as Deer Fat; perhaps their functions are similar?)
[Attached Formulas]: One new formula.
Facial [Defects]: Apply Deer Fat twice daily. (*Shenghui Fang*)

Marrow (Refined for medicinal use)
[Flavor and Nature]: Sweet, warm, non-toxic.
[Mastery]: Treats men and women with injury to the middle jiao and severed pulses, tendon spasms and pain, and coughing against the flow. Take mixed with wine for best results (*Mingyi Bielu*).
Strengthens the Yang pathway and promotes fertility. Decoct with Rehmannia juice into a paste to fill bone marrow, strengthen sinews and bones, and treat vomiting (*Rihua Bencao*). Tonifies Yin and strengthens Yang, generates essence and enriches marrow, moistens dryness and nourishes skin (Li Shizhen).
[Invention]: Su Song said: Marrow can be made into wine; Tang dynasty formulas often contain methods for this.
Li Shizhen said: Deer marrow is rarely used in recent formulas. *Shanfan Fang* uses it in Su Marrow Soup for lung deficiency with emaciated hair. *Yuyao Yuan Fang* uses spinal marrow decocted with wine into pills for tonification, which is very reasonable. Bai Feixia's *Yitong* states: Refine deer brain and various bone marrows into paste. For every liang, add two liang of refined honey, mix well, and store tightly in porcelain. Mixing this with tonifying pills is exquisite. For lower back pain due to Kidney deficiency and cold, mix with ancient Mo Yao Gao, dissolve one pill in ginger juice, and rub onto Shenshu (BL23). Warm qi penetrates into the Lower Dantian like fire, greatly tonifying Primordial Yang. This method is excellent but little known.
[Attached Formulas]: One new formula.
Deer Marrow Decoction: Treats Lung Wei (flaccidity) with cough and injury to the middle jiao with severed pulses. Use seven he of Deer Marrow and seven he of Fresh Rehmannia Juice, one liang of Butter, one liang of Honey, three liang of Apricot Kernel, and three liang of Peach Kernel (skin removed, stir-fried, pounded with one sheng of wine to extract juice). First decoct Apricot Kernel, Peach Kernel, and Rehmannia Juice until reduced by half. Add the three ingredients and decoct until resembling thin syrup. Hold one spoonful in the mouth and swallow slowly, three times daily. (*Shengji Zonglu*)

Brain
[Mastery]: Added to facial creams to enhance luster and radiance (Su Song). If a splinter enters the flesh and cannot be removed... (*Shenshi Fang*)

Essence (Jing)
[Mastery]: Tonifies deficiency and emaciation from overwork (Li Shizhen).
[Invention]: Han Mao said: The Imperial Master granted the Deer Essence Pill formula, stating: This is the deer's essence. Medical texts refer to Deer Antler Velvet, Horn, Blood, and Marrow... kept in enclosures and domesticated. Daily administered with Ginseng... When dry, it gradually decreases, cycling repeatedly. Within about three years, suddenly the hair... if not obtained, essence leaks outward; or allow one mating, then devise a method to collect... One ingredient, Deer Horn Frost, made into pills, taken with salt wine on an empty stomach, greatly revives conception...
Li Shizhen said: According to *Laozi*: "Bones weak, tendons soft, yet grip firmly; unaware of the union of male and female, yet the organ stands erect"—this is the utmost state of essence. The term "cui qie" refers to the infant's yin. Naming it "Deer Essence" is not entirely accurate.

Blood
[Mastery]: Treats impotence, tonifies deficiency, stops lower back pain, epistaxis, fractures, and rabies bites (Su Gong).
Also treats metrorrhagia and leukorrhea (*Rihua Bencao*). For severe qi stagnation pain threatening life, drinking it brings immediate relief (Wang Ying). Greatly tonifies deficiency, enriches essence and blood, resolves miasma toxin and drug toxicity (Li Shizhen).
[Invention]: Su Song said: In recent times, some have consumed Deer Blood Wine. It was said to be obtained from hunters who, lost in the mountains after days of hunger and thirst, caught a live deer, pierced it to draw several sheng of blood, and drank it, instantly relieving hunger and thirst. Upon returning, they felt their blood and qi were exceptionally vigorous. Those who found it effective pierced the area between the deer's horn and head, mixed the blood with wine, and drank it.
Li Shizhen said: Recent tonifying formulas by Han Feixia include the Banlong Banquet method, and Sun's Yinyang Two Blood Pills for resolving miasma toxin, both unknown in antiquity. Shen Kuo argued against using pierced blood instead of antler velvet, which is another perspective.
[Attached Formulas]: Three new formulas.
Banlong Banquet: Use one or two domesticated male deer. Daily, decoct one liang of Ginseng in water and give it to drink. Mix the dregs with local fodder, rice, and beans, feeding them on schedule without mixing other waters or grasses. After one hundred days, the tendons exposed at the joints are ready. The banquet method: Reduce food intake the night before. Early next morning, while empty-stomached... tail low, head high. Have strong individuals hold the front legs firmly. If it has horns, hold the horns; if not, secure the head with a wooden bag to keep it still. Use a three-edged needle to pierce the large pore anterior to the eye angle, named Tianchi (HT1). Insert a silver tube about three cun long toward the nasal bridge. Sit securely and suck the blood, drinking several cups of medicinal wine. Repeat sucking and drinking until intoxicated. Blood flowing from the nose can also be collected and mixed with wine. After drinking, avoid wind and practice ascending-descending exercises. This constitutes one banquet. Apply hemostatic/healing medicine to the deer's wound and nurse it. Once per month; one deer can be used for six to seven years. Suitable for men, women, young, and old; lifelong consumption ensures health and longevity. It is one of the twenty-four items in the Immortal's Dietary Alchemy prescriptions. The medicinal wine is prepared by decocting Bazhen Powder with Agarwood and Costus Root.
Those not yet erupted are rare; those erupted are reduced. Use Deer Blood, Rabbit Blood (each held in blue paper, dried on ashes), Frankincense, Myrrh (one liang each), Realgar, Coptis (five qian each), Cinnabar, Musk (one qian each). Pound into powder, refine honey, and make pills the size of mung beans. Take ten pills with wine on an empty stomach. Reduce dose for children.
Epistaxis Occurring: Stir-fry dry deer blood until charred. Smoke it twice or thrice with floating wine. Mix half a cup of floating wine and take orally.

Kidney
[Flavor and Nature]: Sweet, neutral, non-toxic.
[Mastery]: Tonifies Kidney Qi (*Mingyi Bielu*). Tonifies the middle, calms the five zang organs, strengthens Yang Qi. Prepare as wine or cook in porridge (*Rihua Bencao*).
[Attached Formulas]: One old formula.
Kidney Deficiency Deafness: Use one pair of Deer Kidneys, remove fat membrane and slice. Cook porridge with soybean paste juice and two he of Japonica Rice. Can also be made into soup. (*Shenghui Fang*)

Gallbladder
[Flavor and Nature]: Bitter, cold, non-toxic.
[Mastery]: Reduces swelling and disperses toxicity (Li Shizhen).

Sinew
[Mastery]: Treats damage from overwork and reconnects severances (Su Gong). For dust or sand in the eye, chew thoroughly and place in the eye; it will adhere and pull out the foreign body (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Formulas]: One old formula.
Fish Bone Stuck in Throat: Soak Deer Sinew until soft, twist into a tight rope the size of a marble. Swallow the end of the sinew to the site of the obstruction, gently pulling; the bone attaches to the sinew and is extracted. (*Waitai Miyao*)

Yè (Facial spots/warts?)
[Mastery]: Treats Qi Goiter. Soak in wine, roast dry, soak again in wine. Hold in mouth, swallow the juice, replacing when flavor is exhausted. Ten specimens cure the condition. (*Shenshi Fang*)

Skin
[Mastery]: Treats all types of fistula sores. Burn to ash, mix with pig fat, and apply. Change five to six times daily until healed ([Text missing]).

Feces
[Mastery]: For retention of placenta beyond the expected day, use three qian of dry or wet feces, pound into powder, take with Ginger Decoction for immediate effect. (*Jing... [Text missing]*)

Fetal Feces
[Mastery]: Resolves various toxins (Li Shizhen said: According to Fan Ye's *Book of Later Han*: Ran... feces can treat toxins).