味苦、甘，平、微寒，无毒。主治痈肿疽疮，散结气，止痛，除热，目中赤，小儿惊痫。
温疟，女子阴中肿痛。下赤白，杀火毒。一名菟核，一名白草，一名白根，一名昆仑。生衡
山山谷。二月、八月采根，曝干。（代赭为之使，反乌头。）
近道处处有之，作藤生，根如白芷，破片以竹穿之，日干。生取根捣，敷痈肿亦效。（敦
煌本《新修》卷十，《大观》卷十，《政和》二五五页）
味苦、辛，平、微寒，无毒。主治痈肿，恶疮，败疽，伤阴，死肌，胃中邪气。贼风鬼
击，痱缓不收。除白癣疥虫。一名甘根，一名连及草。生北山川谷及宛朐及越山。（紫石英
为之使，恶理石，畏李核、杏仁。）
近道处处有之。叶似杜若，根形似菱米，节间有毛。方用亦稀，可以作糊。（《大观》卷
十，《政和》二五五页）
味苦，温，无毒。主治邪气湿痹，寒热疽疮，除水坚积血症，月闭无子，小儿 不能行，
诸恶疮痈肿，止腹痛，令女人有子。一名炭皮。生太山山谷，采无时。解野狼毒毒。
李云是梓树上寄生，树大衔枝在肌肉，今人皆以胡桃皮当之，非是真也。案《桐君录》
云
纵横理，不知此复是何物，莫测真假，何者为是也。（《新修》三六六页，《大观》卷三○，《政
和》五四六页）
[Bai Lian (Radix Ampelopsis)]
Bitter and sweet in flavor, neutral to slightly cold in nature, non-toxic. It treats carbuncles, sores, and ulcers (purulent skin infections), dissipates stagnant Qi (accumulated pathogenic factors), relieves pain, clears heat, treats redness of the eyes, and pediatric convulsions (pediatric wind-stroke with spasms).
It treats warm malaria (a type of malaria characterized by alternating fever and chills), swelling and pain in the female genitalia, dysentery or leukorrhea with red and white discharge, and eliminates fire toxins. Also known as Tuhe, Baicao, Baigen, and Kunlun. It grows in the valleys of Mount Heng. The roots are harvested in February and August and dried in the sun. (Acts as an assistant herb when used with Daizhe Shi; it is incompatible with Wutou.)
It is found everywhere in nearby regions, growing as a vine. The root resembles Bai Zhi; it is sliced and pierced with bamboo sticks for sun-drying. Freshly harvested roots pounded into a paste are also effective when applied externally to carbuncles and swellings. (From Dunhuang manuscript of *Xinxiu Bencao* Vol. 10, *Daguan Bencao* Vol. 10, *Zhenghe Zhenglei Bencao* p. 255)
[Bai Ji (Rhizoma Bletillae)]
Bitter and acrid in flavor, neutral to slightly cold in nature, non-toxic. It treats carbuncles, malignant sores (severe ulcerative lesions), putrid gangrenous sores, injury to Yin (damage to Yin fluids or trauma to the yin region), necrotic muscle, and evil Qi in the stomach. It treats sudden attacks of wind pathogens or severe pain (Zefeng Guiji), flaccid paralysis where limbs cannot be controlled (Fei Huan Bu Shou), and removes white tinea and scabies parasites. Also known as Gen and Lianji Cao. It grows in the valleys of northern mountains, as well as in Wanqu and Yue mountains. (Acts as an assistant herb when used with Zishiyang; it is adverse to Lishi, and fears Li He and Xing Ren.)
It is found everywhere in nearby regions. The leaves resemble Du Ruo, the root shape resembles water caltrop seeds, and there are hairs between the nodes. It is rarely used in prescriptions but can be made into a paste. (From *Daguan Bencao* Vol. 10, *Zhenghe Zhenglei Bencao* p. 255)
[Zhan Si]
Bitter in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. It treats evil Qi causing damp bi-syndrome (rheumatic obstruction), cold-heat gangrenous sores, resolves hard accumulations of water and blood stasis, amenorrhea leading to infertility, difficulty in walking for children, various malignant sores and carbuncles, stops abdominal pain, and enables women to conceive. Also known as Tanpi. It grows in the valleys of Mount Tai, and can be harvested at any time. It can detoxify Ye Langdu poison.
Li Yun states that it is a parasite on the Catalpa tree, with a large trunk and branches penetrating into the flesh. Nowadays, people use Walnut Shell (Hetao Pi) to substitute for it, which is incorrect. According to *Tongjun Lu*, the texture is crisscrossed. It is unknown what this substance actually is; its authenticity cannot be determined, nor can one ascertain which is the true form. (From *Xinxiu Bencao* p. 366, *Daguan Bencao* Vol. 30, *Zhenghe Zhenglei Bencao* p. 546)