味苦、辛，寒，无毒。主治关格诸癃结，小便不通，出刺，决痈肿，明目去翳，破胎堕
子，下闭血，养肾气，逐膀胱邪逆，止霍乱，长毛发。一名巨句麦，一名大菊，一名大兰。
生太山川谷。立秋采实，阴干。（ 草、牡丹为之使，恶桑螵蛸。）
今出近道，一茎生细叶，花红紫赤可爱，合子叶刈取之。子颇似麦，故名瞿麦。此类乃
有两种∶一种微大，花边有叉桠，未知何者是？今市人皆用小者。复一种，叶广相似而有毛，
花
空壳，无复子尔。（《大观》卷八，《政和》二○二页）
味苦、咸，平、微寒，无毒。主治暴热，火疮赤气，疥瘙，疽痔，马鞍热气。除痈肿，
浮肿，结热，风痹，不足，产后腹痛。一名鹿肠，一名鹿首，一名马草，一名泽败。生江夏
川谷。八月采根，曝干。
出近道，叶似 ，根形似茈胡，气如败豆酱，故以为名。（《大观》卷八，《政和》二
一○页）
味苦，微寒、大寒，无毒。主治风寒湿痹，洗洗寒气，除热，目中青翳白膜。治男子少
精，妇人带下，小儿痫，身热。可作洗目汤。久服头不白，轻身，皮肤光泽，肥大有子。一
名岑皮，一名石檀。生庐江川谷及宛朐。二月、八月采皮，阴干。（大戟为之使，恶吴茱
世云是樊 皮，而水渍以和墨，书青色不脱，彻青，且亦殊薄，恐不必尔。世方惟以治
目
[Qumai (Dianthus superbus)]
Bitter and acrid in flavor, cold in nature, non-toxic. It governs guan-ge (a syndrome characterized by urinary retention accompanied by vomiting) and various long-jie (urinary difficulty or obstruction), urinary blockage, expels thorns/spicules, resolves carbuncles and swellings, brightens the eyes and removes nebulae, breaks blood stasis to induce abortion, discharges obstructed blood, nourishes Kidney Qi, drives away pathogenic rebellion in the Bladder, stops cholera-like disorders, and promotes hair growth. Also known as Juju Mai, Daju, and Dalan. Grows in the mountains and valleys of Mount Tai. The fruits are harvested at Start of Autumn and dried in the shade. (Caoban [likely a typo for a specific herb or general term] and Mudan [Paeonia suffruticosa] act as its assistants; it is incompatible with Sangpiaoxiao [Mantis Egg Case].)
It is now produced in regions accessible by nearby roads. It has a single stem bearing fine leaves, with flowers that are red-purple and attractive. The whole plant including the seed-bearing leaves is cut and harvested. The seeds somewhat resemble wheat, hence the name Qumai. This category actually comprises two types: one type is slightly larger, with flower edges having forks/branches; it is unknown which is the authentic one. Currently, the market uses the smaller variety. Another type has broad leaves similar to the first but hairy, with hollow flowers that produce no seeds. (Da Guan Ben Cao Vol. 8, Zheng He Ben Cao p. 202)
[Baijiang (Patrinia scabiosifolia)]
Bitter and salty in flavor, neutral and slightly cold in nature, non-toxic. It governs sudden heat, fire sores with redness, scabies and pruritus, abscesses and hemorrhoids, and "saddle horse heat" (heat toxicity caused by riding). It eliminates carbuncles and swellings, edema, clustered heat, wind-bi, deficiency, and postpartum abdominal pain. Also known as Luchang, Lushou, Macao, and Ze Bai. Grows in the mountains and valleys of Jiangxia. The roots are harvested in August and sun-dried.
It is produced in regions accessible by nearby roads. The leaves resemble [text missing], the root shape resembles Zihu [Bupleuri Radix], and the odor resembles spoiled bean paste, hence the name. (Da Guan Ben Cao Vol. 8, Zheng He Ben Cao p. 210)
[Qinpi (Fraxini Cortex)]
Bitter in flavor, slightly cold and very cold in nature, non-toxic. It governs wind-cold-damp bi-syndrome, shivering chills, clears heat, and treats green nebulae and white membranes in the eyes. It treats male oligospermia, female leukorrhea, pediatric epilepsy, and febrile conditions. It can be prepared as an eye-washing decoction. Long-term consumption prevents graying of hair, lightens the body, makes the skin lustrous, promotes robust physique, and facilitates conception. Also known as Cenpi and Shitan. Grows in the mountains and valleys of Lujiang and Wanqu. The bark is harvested in February and August and dried in the shade. (Daji [Euphorbia pekinensis] acts as its assistant; it is incompatible with Wuzhuyu [Evodiae Fructus].) Some claim it is Fanpi [Celtis cortex]; when soaked in water and used with ink, the written color does not fade, and the peeled layer is thin, which seems unlikely. In popular prescriptions, it is primarily used to treat eye diseases...