味辛，微温，有毒。主治蛊毒。鬼疰，破淋结，积聚，堕胎。七月取，曝干。
葛花时取之，身黑而头赤，喻如人着玄衣赤帻，故名亭长。此一虫五变，为治皆相似，
二月、三月在芫花上，即呼芫青；四月、五月在王不留行上，即呼王不留行虫；六月、七月
在葛花上，即呼为葛上亭长；八月在豆花上，即呼斑蝥；九月、十月欲还地蛰，即呼为地胆，
此
十二，《政和》四四六页）
微寒，主治大人小儿溃。七月七日取其网，治喜忘。
蜘蛛类数十种，《尔雅》只载七、八种尔，今此用悬网状如鱼罾者，亦名 。蜂及蜈
蚣螫人，取置肉上，则能吸毒。又以断疟及干呕霍乱。术家取其网着衣领中辟忘。有赤斑者，
世
《大观》卷二十二，《政和》四四四页）
微寒。主强阴，止精。
此有五、六种，今用青色大眼者，一名诸乘，世呼胡蜊，道家用以止精。眼可化为青珠。
其余黄细及黑者，不入药用，一名蜻蜓。（《大观》卷二十二，《政和》四五五页）
味苦，平，有毒。主治目赤痛， 伤泪出，瘀血，血闭，寒热酸 ，无子。一名魂常。
生汉中川泽，五月取。
此虻不啖血，状似虻而小，近道草中不见有，市人亦少有卖者，方家所用，惟是蜚虻也。
（《大观》卷二十一，《政和》四三三页）
Taste pungent, slightly warm, toxic. Mainly treats gu poison (poisoning from gu sorcery). Gui zhu (a chronic, contagious wasting disease), breaks down lin jie (dysuria with a sensation of obstruction or mass), ji ju (accumulations and collections in the abdomen), and induces abortion. Collected in July, dried in the sun.
Collected when Ge flowers bloom, its body is black and head red, resembling a person wearing black clothes and a red cap, hence named Tingzhang. This insect undergoes five transformations, and their therapeutic uses are all similar.
In February and March, it is on Yuanhua flowers, called Yanqing; in April and May, it is on Wangbuliuxing flowers, called Wangbuliuxing insect; in June and July,
it is on Ge flowers, called Geshang Tingzhang; in August, it is on bean flowers, called Banmao (Mylabris); in September and October, when it prepares to hibernate underground, it is called Didan, this
Slightly cold. Mainly treats ulcers in adults and children. On the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, collect its web to treat forgetfulness.
There are dozens of species of spiders, but "Erya" only records seven or eight. The ones currently used are those that spin webs like fishing nets, also named . When stung by bees or centipedes, placing the spider on the flesh can absorb the toxin. It is also used to stop malaria and dry vomiting with cholera-like symptoms. Practitioners attach its web to the collar to ward off forgetfulness. Those with red spots are,
in the world...
(Daguan Volume 22, Zhenghe Page 446)
Slightly cold. Strengthens yin and stops seminal emission.
There are five or six types here. The ones currently used are large-eyed green ones, also known as Zhucheng, commonly called Hulu (dragonfly), used by Daoists to stop seminal emission. Its eyes can be processed into blue pearls.
The remaining yellow, slender, and black ones are not used in medicine, also known as Qingting (dragonfly). (Daguan Volume 22, Zhenghe Page 455)
Taste bitter, neutral, toxic. Mainly treats red and painful eyes, injury causing tearing, blood stasis, blood obstruction, alternating chills and fever with soreness, and infertility. Also known as Hunchang.
Grows in rivers and marshes of Hanzhong, collected in May.
This meng does not suck blood, resembles a horsefly but is smaller, is not seen in grass near roads, and is rarely sold in markets. Physicians use only Feimeng (horsefly).
(Daguan Volume 21, Zhenghe Page 433)