味苦，平、大寒，无毒。主治诸热，黄胆，肠 泄痢，逐水，下血闭，恶疮。疽蚀，火
伤。治痰热，胃中热，小腹绞痛，消谷，利小肠，女子血闭、淋露、下血，小儿腹痛。一名
腐肠，一名空肠，一名内虚，一名黄文，一名经芩，一名妒妇。其子∶主肠 脓血。生秭归
川谷及冤句。三月三日采根，阴干。（得浓朴、黄连止腹痛。得五味子、牡蒙、牡蛎，令人
有子。得黄 、白蔹、赤小豆治鼠 。山茱萸、龙骨为之使，恶葱实，畏丹参、牡丹、藜芦。）
秭归属建平郡。今第一出彭城，郁州亦有之。圆者名子芩为胜。破者名宿芩，其腹中皆
烂，故名腐肠，惟取深色坚实者为好。世方多用，道家不须。（《大观》卷八，《政和》二○
七
味苦，寒、微寒，无毒。主治热气，目痛， 伤泪出，明目，肠 ，腹痛。下痢，妇人
阴中肿痛。五脏冷热，久下泄 脓血，止消渴，大惊，除水，利骨，调胃，浓肠，益胆，治
口疮。久服令人不忘。一名王连。生巫阳川谷及蜀郡太山。二月、八月采。（黄芩、龙骨、
理石为之使，恶菊花、芫花、玄参、白藓，畏款冬，胜乌头，解巴豆毒。）
巫阳在建平。今西间者色浅而虚，不及东阳、新安诸县最胜。临海诸县者不佳。用之当
布裹 去毛，令如连珠。世方多治下痢及渴，道方服食长生。（《大观》卷七，《政和》一七
五
[Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix)]
Bitter in taste, neutral or very cold in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats various heat syndromes, jaundice, intestinal diarrhea and dysentery, expels fluid retention, promotes the discharge of blood stasis, treats malignant sores, carbuncles with erosion, and burns. It treats phlegm-heat, heat in the stomach, colic pain in the lower abdomen, aids digestion, benefits the small intestine, treats amenorrhea in women, stranguria and leukorrhea, bleeding from the lower orifice, and abdominal pain in children. Also known as Fuchang (Rotting Intestine), Kongchang (Hollow Intestine), Neixu (Internal Deficiency), Huangwen, Jingqin, and Dufu (Jealous Woman). Its seeds: treat pus and blood in the intestines. Grows in the valleys of Zigui and Yuanju. The roots are harvested on the third day of the third lunar month and dried in the shade. (When combined with Houpo [Magnolia Bark], it stops abdominal pain; when combined with Wuweizi [Schisandra Fruit], Mumeng, and Muli [Oyster Shell], it helps conception; when combined with Bailian [Ampelopsis Rhizome] and Chixiaodou [Adzuki Bean], it treats scrofula; Shanzhuyu [Cornus Fruit] and Longgu [Fossilized Bones] act as guiding herbs; it is incompatible with Congshi [Allium Fruit] and adverse to Danshen [Salvia Root], Mudanpi [Moutan Cortex], and Lilü [Veratrum]; it fears Danshen, Mudanpi, and Lilü.) Zigui belongs to Jianping Commandery. Currently, the best quality comes from Pengcheng, and Yuzhou also produces it. Those that are round are named Ziqing (Young Scutellaria) and are considered superior. Those that are broken are named Suqing (Old Scutellaria); their interiors are rotten, hence the name Fuchang. Only those with deep color and firm texture are preferred. This herb is widely used in secular prescriptions but is not required by Daoist practitioners. (Da Guan Bencao Vol. 8, Zhenghe Bencao 207)
[Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma)]
Bitter in taste, cold or slightly cold in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats heat qi, eye pain, damage to the canthi with tearing, brightens the eyes, intestinal disorders, abdominal pain, dysentery, and swelling and pain in the female genitalia. It regulates cold and heat in the five zang organs, stops chronic discharge of pus and blood, relieves thirst (xiao ke), calms severe fright, eliminates fluid retention, benefits the bones, harmonizes the stomach, thickens the intestines, nourishes the gallbladder, and treats mouth ulcers. Long-term use prevents forgetfulness. Also known as Wanglian. Grows in the valleys of Wuyang and Mount Tai in Shu Commandery. Harvested in the second and eighth lunar months. (Huangqin, Longgu, and Lishi act as guiding herbs; it is incompatible with Juhua [Chrysanthemum Flower], Yuanhua [Genkwa Flos], Xuanshen [Scrophularia Root], Baixianpi [Dictamni Cortex]; it fears Kuandong [Adenophora Flower]; it overcomes Aconitum [Aconite Root]; it resolves the toxicity of Ban Dou [Croton Seed].) Wuyang is located in Jianping. Currently, those produced in the west are pale in color and hollow, inferior to those from Dongyang and Xin'an counties, which are the best. Those from Linhai counties are of poor quality. When used, they should be wrapped in cloth, steamed to remove hairs, and processed to resemble linked pearls. Secular prescriptions often use it to treat dysentery and thirst, while Daoist prescriptions use it for longevity practices. (Da Guan Bencao Vol. 7, Zhenghe Bencao 175)