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Shilongru (Ranunculus japonicus)
Bitter in taste, neutral in qi. Non-toxic. Although it grows in rivers, lakes, and marshes, it is primarily produced in Yizhou (belonging to four prefectures). A clump has several stems, each stem bearing three leaves. The leaves are short and small with many notches; the fruits hang in clusters, yellow in color and pungent in taste.
(Similar to Tingli [Descurainiae Semen seu Lepidii Semen]). It is also said that there are two types: aquatic varieties have glossy leaves and round fruits, while terrestrial varieties have hairy leaves and sharp fruits. For medicinal use, the aquatic variety is preferred. Harvest the bark in February and August, and collect the fruits on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. Use Daji (Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix) as a guiding herb; it is incompatible with Shetui (Ophioglossi Corneum) and Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus). It harmonizes disharmony of Stomach qi, treating fullness caused by Stomach heat; tonifies deficiency of Yin qi, treating cold penis and spermatorrhea. It expels wind-cold-dampness bi syndrome, eliminates pathogenic factors from the heart and abdomen, benefits the joints, and makes the skin lustrous. Long-term consumption brightens the eyes, lightens the body, and facilitates conception. The terrestrial variety is also known as Tianjiu (Natural Moxibustion). Taking a few leaves, rubbing them, and tying them to the arm will cause large blisters resembling burns overnight within one night. The difference between good and bad effects is significant, which must be known.

Luoshi (Clytostoma radicans / Trachelospermum jasminoides - *Note: Historical Luoshi often refers to Trachelospermum or related climbing plants*)
Bitter in taste, warm in qi, slightly cold. Non-toxic. It is found everywhere on steep cliffs in shady mountains. It often wraps around rocks or spreads over trees. Roots form at the nodes where the stem touches surfaces. The leaves are round, evergreen through winter, flowers are white, and the fruits are slightly black. It belongs to the same category as Bili (Fici Caricae Fructus), Mulian (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex - *contextual note: text says 'Mu Lian' likely referring to a vine like Magnolia or similar*, Dijin (Pilea nummulariifolia), and Xue (likely a local name for a blood-red plant). It is also commonly planted in pavilions and gardens among artificial rockeries for decoration. When harvesting stems and leaves for medicine, those attached to stones are considered superior. It is incompatible with Beimu (Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus) and Changpu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma); use Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex) and Duzhong (Eucommiae Cortex) as guiding herbs. It treats throat obstruction (Houbi) so severe that breathing is nearly stopped; decocting in water and drinking the soup leads to immediate recovery. Treating back carbuncles (Bei Yong) spreading outward, mixing the juice with honey and taking it orally is effective. It strengthens bones and tendons, fortifies the waist and legs, benefits the joints, and nourishes the complexion. It dispels wind-heat causing dead flesh (Si Ji), resolves dryness of the mouth and tongue. It treats heart stuffiness caused by snake venom and can disperse knife/axe wounds. It can seal wound openings; long-term consumption lightens the body. It clears the mind, brightens the eyes, prolongs life, and delays aging. Bili (Fig Fruit), although similar to Luoshi, has stems and leaves thick and large like vines. For treating back carbuncles, harvest the leaves, decoct in wine, and drink; the illness will heal.

Mulian (Magnolia Vine/Climbing Magnolia)
Bitter in taste. Decoct in water or soak in wine. Initial consumption strengthens Yang and dispels disease; long-term consumption delays aging and prolongs life. The vine sap can be applied to treat wind toxicity. It clears vitiligo and rashes, removes scabies, tinea, and ulcers. The fruit resembles a lotus pod in size, ripening once a year; when split open, it contains abundant white sap that gradually turns black and solidifies over time. It is excellent for breaking blood stasis and should be harvested according to the season. The seeds are also used in medicine and are recorded in "Tu Jing" (Illustrated Classic).

Dijin (Pilea nummulariifolia)
Sweet in taste, leaves resemble duck feet. The vines grow along the ground, rooting at the nodes. They also climb trees and rocks, enduring cold without withering. Decocted in water or soaked in wine, it breaks blood stasis and stops pain. It dispels postpartum blood coagulation and drives out blood masses (Xue Jia) in the abdomen.

Xue (Blood Plant)
Another type, also treated using "blood" principles (likely referring to its red sap or properties). Its appearance is similar to Luoshi, but the leaves are pointed and half-red.