其总包似盆之覆。故名。皮色青绿。剥去皮。内细子乌赤色。五月采之。(当之)惟
五月熟。状如覆盆。而味甘美者。为覆盆子。余不堪入药。(藏器)蓬 与覆盆。功用相近
。虽是二物。其实一类也。蓬 子以八九月熟。覆盆四五月熟。色皆乌赤。故能补肾。(濒
湖)此类凡五种。蓬 藤蔓繁衍。茎有倒刺。逐节生叶。如掌大。状类小葵。面青背白。浓
而有毛。六七月开小白花。结实成簇。生青熟紫黯。微有黑毛。状如熟椹而扁。冬月苗叶不
凋。以其熟于深秋。俗名割田 是也。覆盆蔓小于蓬 。亦有钩刺。一枝五叶。叶小而面
背皆青。光薄而无毛。开白花。四五月实成。子亦小于蓬 而稀疏。生青熟乌赤。冬月苗凋
。以其熟于盛夏。伪名插田 。即尔雅所谓 缺盆也。二者俱可入药。一种蔓如覆盆。一枝
三叶
即莓
实如覆
黄花。
湖)味甘微
长。女子食
肾添精。缩小
浊。鹤膝风。诸
补肾。(嵩)同黄柏
子衍宗丸。治男子精
痿。临房不举。或精
〔论〕覆盆蓬 。二子相似。第蓬 以深秋熟。冬月不凋。覆盆以盛夏熟。冬月凋。其
所禀
功。
又
生阴
谁适
及
始
缪氏。阳强不倒者。忌服。
〔辨治〕上圆平底似覆盆样。去皮及心。用细子乌赤色味甘者。水洗。晒干后。酒拌。
蒸
Its overall shape resembles an inverted basin, hence the name. The skin color is greenish. After peeling off the skin, the inner fine seeds are dark red. Harvested in May. (Li Dangzhi) Only those ripening in May... (The fruit) resembles an inverted basin and has a sweet taste; these are Fupenzi (Rubus chingii). The rest are unsuitable for medicinal use. (Chen Cangqi) Pengli (Rubus hirsutus) and Fupenzi have similar functions. Although they are two different plants, they essentially belong to the same category. Pengli fruits ripen in August and September, while Fupenzi ripens in April and May. Both are dark red in color, thus capable of tonifying the Kidney. (Li Shizhen) There are five types in this category. Pengli vines proliferate, stems have backward-pointing thorns, leaves grow node by node, palmately large, resembling small hibiscus, green on the front and white on the back, dense and hairy. Small white flowers bloom in June and July, bearing clustered fruits that are green when raw and purplish-dark when ripe, with slight black hairs, resembling ripe mulberries but flatter. The seedlings and leaves do not wither in winter. Because it ripens in late autumn, it is commonly known as Gedianbao. Fupenzi vines are smaller than Pengli, also having hooked thorns, with five leaflets per branch. Leaves are small, green on both sides, smooth, thin, and hairless. White flowers bloom, fruits mature in April and May. Seeds are smaller and sparser than Pengli, turning from green to dark red when ripe. Seedlings and leaves wither in winter. Because it ripens in midsummer, it is falsely named Chatianbao, which corresponds to "Yinquepen" mentioned in the Erya. Both can be used medicinally. Another type has vines like Fupenzi, three leaflets per branch, namely Fragaria (Strawberry), fruits resembling Fupenzi, blooming yellow flowers. (Li Shizhen) Taste is sweet and slightly sour. Long-term consumption can increase strength. Women consuming it can benefit the Kidney, augment essence, reduce urination, stop seminal emission/turbid urine, treat Crane-knee Wind (Gonarthrosis), various Kidney deficiency symptoms, and tonify the Kidney. (Ma Zhi) Combined with Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex) to form Zanyu Wan or Yanzong Wan, treating male scanty semen, impotence, inability to erect during intercourse, or cold semen.
[Discussion] Fupenzi and Pengli, the two fruits are similar. However, Pengli ripens in late autumn and does not wither in winter; Fupenzi ripens in midsummer and withers in winter. Their endowment of Yin and Yang qi differs, leading to distinct effects. Furthermore, regarding generating Yin and supplementing deficiency, who is suitable? And precautions at the beginning of use, refer to Miao Xiyong's views. Those with excessive Yang causing persistent erection should avoid taking it.
[Differentiation and Treatment] Select fruits that are round on top and flat on the bottom, resembling an inverted basin. Remove the skin and core. Use fine, dark red seeds with a sweet taste. Wash with water, dry in the sun, mix with wine, and steam.