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Qingshuang (Lead Frost), also known as Qianbaishuang (Lead White Frost). It is prepared by smelting lead mixed with one-fifteenth part of mercury. The resulting product is formed into slices the size of a coin, perforated in the center to be strung together. Raw vinegar is placed in a clay pot, and the string of lead slices is laid horizontally across the pot, positioned three cun above the vinegar surface. The pot is then covered with another clay vessel and placed in a shaded area. Once frost forms on the lead, it is brushed off, and the process is repeated. (Shizhen)

Its flavor is sweet and sour, and its nature is extremely cold. It eliminates phlegm (specifically wind-phlegm). It removes heat-induced salivary obstruction in the chest and diaphragm, relieving chest oppression and irritability. It treats excess phlegm syndromes caused by stroke, and dissipates xiaodao (wasting-thirst syndrome), wind-strike palpitations, and delirium. (It is particularly frequently used for infantile convulsive stagnation.) It treats tongue diseases and throat disorders. Qingshuang is formed when lead interacts with the qi of mercury, extracting its essence through the action of vinegar. Daoists refer to it as "Divine Talisman Snow." For diseases located in the upper jiao, this herb is suitable for clearing and settling. (Shizhen)

All cases of stroke and palpitations arise from phlegm-heat. Chest oppression accompanied by excessive thirst is caused by the blazing of fire-heat. Qingshuang is sweet and cold; it can clear heat, generate fluids, treat vomiting and reflux, calm fright, and remove timidity. (Chenggong)

Applying Qingshuang to papaya causes it to lose its sour taste, illustrating the principle that Metal overcomes Wood. (Kentang)

**Formula: Huaxian San (Saliva-Transforming Powder)**
Indications: Heat-phlegm, promoting free flow in the chest and diaphragm, stopping irritability and thirst.
Ingredients: Ninghuishi (Calcitum) 1 liang; Qingshuang (Lead Frost), Mayaxiao (Niter), Xionghuang (Realgar) each 1 qian (ground separately); Kufan (Alumen Ustam), Zhigancao (Honey-fried Licorice Root) each 2.5 qian; Longnao (Borneolum Syntheticum) a small amount.
Preparation: Grind into a fine powder and mix evenly.
Dosage: Take 1 qian, mixed with water. For pediatric wind-heat phlegm-saliva, take 0.5 qian mixed with sugar water. This medicine is very cold and should not be taken in large amounts.

**Processing: Fazhi Banxia (Processed Pinellia Tuber)**
Actions: Resolves fluid retention, transforms phlegm, strengthens the spleen, and regulates qi.
Method: Soak and wash large Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) seven times with decoction. Soak in thick rice washing water for one day and night. For every 1 liang of Banxia, use 1.5 liang of Baifan (Alumen). Grind the alum finely, dissolve in warm water, and soak the Banxia until moisture exudes about two finger-widths high. Stir frequently. In winter, keep in a warm place for five days and nights. Remove and dry. Then, soak in 1 qian of Qingshuang dissolved in warm water for one day and night, repeating this cycle for seven days total. Finally, boil slowly in fermented grain water without letting it boil vigorously. When the water is extremely hot, remove and dry. Store in porcelain.
Dosage: Chew 1-2 pills thoroughly after meals, swallowing with warm ginger soup.

**Formula: Zhenxin Wan (Heart-Calming Pill)**
Indications: Xin Feng (Wind affecting the Heart), manic speech, frequent fright, confusion, and trance.
Ingredients: Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis), Qingshuang (Lead Frost), Tiefen (Plumbum Metallicum) each 7.5 qian; Zhusha (Cinnabaris) washed with water; Longchi (Os Draconis), Tianzhuhuang (Spatholobi Caulis) ground finely; Longdancao (Gentianae Radix), Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix), Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix) each 0.5 liang; Jinbo (Folium Aureum) 50 pieces; Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Fushen (Poria cum Radix), Xijiaoxie (Rhinocerotis Cornu) each 1 liang.
Preparation: Grind into fine powder, mix evenly, and bind with refined honey to form pills the size of mung beans.
Dosage: Take 7 pills, washed down with Zhu Ye Tang (Bamboo Leaf Decoction).

**Formula: Jingfeng Tiefen San (Convulsion Iron Powder Powder)**
Indications: Wind-strike palpitations.
Ingredients: Tiefen (Plumbum Metallicum), Zhusha (Cinnabaris), Qingshuang (Lead Frost), Tianzhuhuang (Spatholobi Caulis).
Dosage: Mix with Zhuli Tang (Bamboo Juice Decoction). Take 0.5 fen per dose.

**Formula: Xiaodao Ganlu Wan (Wasting-Thirst Sweet Dew Pill)**
Actions: Relieves congestion and toxicity, clears wind-heat, treats dryness of mouth and tongue.
Ingredients: Hanshuishi (Aqua Calcis) 2 jin; Mayaxiao (Niter) 3 liang; Qingshuang (Lead Frost), Zhigancao (Honey-fried Licorice Root), Longnao (Borneolum Syntheticum) each 7.5 qian.
Preparation: Grind into fine powder, mix evenly, and bind with glutinous rice paste to form pills the size of a bullet.
Dosage: Take half a pill after meals, ground in fresh well water and drunk.

**Formula: Muses Mayaxiao Wan (Tongue-Stiffness Niter Pill)**
Ingredients: Mayaxiao (Niter) 7.5 qian; Qingshuang (Lead Frost), Yuanjingshi (Lapis Aquae), Hanshuishi (Aqua Calcis), Shexiang (Moschus), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) each 5 qian; Kufan (Alumen Ustam) 1.2 qian; Zhigancao (Honey-fried Licorice Root) 2.5 qian.
Preparation: Grind into fine powder, mix evenly, and bind with refined honey to form pills the size of small bullets.
Dosage: Hold one pill in the mouth and swallow saliva. This condition can also be treated with Ganlu Wan.

**Formula: Lvyun San (Green Cloud Powder)**
Indications: Sores on the tongue.
Ingredients: Tonglv (Chalcitis), Qingshuang (Lead Frost) in equal parts.
Preparation: Grind together to an extremely fine powder.
Usage: Apply a small amount directly onto the tongue.

**Formula: Yanhou Longshe Jusheng Dan (Throat Dragon-Musk Gathering Sage Pill)**
Indications: Guest-heat in Heart and Spleen, toxic vapors attacking the throat causing redness, swelling, and pain; or forming Hou Bi (throat obstruction); or hard nodules that do not resolve; chronic non-healing sores; swollen tongue root; sores all over the mouth making eating difficult.
Ingredients: Nanpenga (Borax), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) each 1 liang; Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), Xijiaoxie (Rhinocerotis Cornu), Lingyangjiaoxie (Capris Cornu), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Hupo (Electrum), Qingshuang (Lead Frost) each 5 qian; Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Chifuling (Poria cum Parergon), Mayaxiao (Niter), Naohzi (Camphora), Shexiang (Moschus) each 3 qian; Zhusha (Cinnabaris), Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis) each 2 qian.
Preparation: Grind into fine powder, bind with refined honey to make pills. Each 1 liang of powder makes 10 pills, coated with 50 pieces of Jinbo (Folium Aureum).
Dosage: Take one pill. Dissolve in Bohe Tang (Mint Decoction) or fresh well water, chew thoroughly, or hold in the mouth allowing saliva to swallow. All methods are effective.

**Formula: Qudu Niuhuang Wan (Toxin-Expelling Calves' Gallstone Pill)**
Indications: Throat swelling and pain, stiff tongue root, sores all over the mouth, flooding saliva, wheezing, difficulty eating, chest oppression.
Ingredients: Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis) 3.5 qian; Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Hupo (Electrum), Xijiaoxie (Rhinocerotis Cornu) fine powder, Pengsha (Borax), Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) each 0.5 liang; Xionghuang (Realgar) washed 1 liang; Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) each 3 qian; Gafen (Armeniaca Semen) washed with water 4 liang; Hanshuishi (Aqua Calcis) 2 liang; Zhusha (Cinnabaris) washed 7 qian; Qingshuang (Lead Frost), Naohzi (Camphora) each 1 qian.
Preparation: Grind into fine powder, bind with refined honey to form pills the size of small bullets, coated with gold foil, stored in porcelain.
Dosage: Take one pill, dissolved in Mint Decoction or fresh well water. Take 2-3 doses daily after meals. Holding in the mouth is also acceptable.

**Formula: Huangbai San (Phellodendron Powder)**
Indications: Sores and pain in the throat.
Ingredients: Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), Binglang (Arecae Semen), Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus), Ziwan (Astagti Radix), Zhiren (Gardeniae Fructus), Chifuling (Poria cum Parergon), Shenggancao (Raw Licorice Root) each 0.5 liang; Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix) each 1 liang; Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) each 3 qian.
Preparation: Cut into pieces.
Dosage: Take 1 qian, add 1 cup of water, decoct to 0.6 cup, and drink warm.

**Formula: Taohong San (Peach Red Powder)**
Indications: Throat sores with red, purple, and swollen appearance; sore throat obstructing swallowing.
Ingredients: Jinfubo (Gold Foil), Yinbufu (Silver Foil) each 10 pieces; Qingshuang (Lead Frost) a small amount; Hanshuishi (Aqua Calcis) 4 liang; Yuanjingshi (Lapis Aquae) 2 liang. (These two minerals are crushed, placed in a box, heated until red-hot, buried in soil to remove fire toxicity, then ground fine.) Mayaxiao (Niter), Zhusha (Cinnabaris), Zhigancao (Honey-fried Licorice Root) each 1 liang.
Preparation: Grind into fine powder, mix evenly.
Dosage: Take one "yi zi" measure, mixed with Licorice water. Alternatively, form into pills the size of peas using thin glutinous rice paste, hold in mouth to dissolve and swallow saliva.

**External Treatment: Hou Bi Zhongtong (Throat Obstruction Swelling and Pain)**
Ingredients: Qingshuang (Lead Frost) 0.5 liang, Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis) 1 liang.
Preparation: Grind into powder, bind with vinegar paste to form pills the size of Euryale seeds.
Usage: Hold one pill in the mouth and swallow; effect is immediate.

**External Treatment: Xuan Yong Zhongtong (Suspended Abscess Swelling and Pain)**
Ingredients: Qingshuang (Lead Frost) 1 fen, Shenggancao (Raw Licorice Root), Zhigancao (Honey-fried Licorice Root) each 1 fen.
Preparation: Grind into powder, wrap in cotton, hold in mouth and swallow.

**External Treatment: Kougan Yinlan (Dry Mouth and Gingival Ulceration)**
Symptoms: Bad breath, bleeding gums. Suitable for adults and children.
Ingredients: Qingshuang (Lead Frost), Tonglv (Chalcitis) each 2 qian; Baifan (Alumen) a bean-sized amount.
Preparation: Grind into powder, apply/sweep onto the affected area.

**Pediatrics: Xiao'er Jingre (Infantile Fever due to Convulsion/Heat)**
Pathogenesis: Accumulated heat in Heart and Lung, frequent fright during sleep.
Ingredients: Qingshuang (Lead Frost), Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis) each 0.5 fen; Tiefen (Plumbum Metallicum) 1 fen.
Preparation: Grind evenly.
Dosage: Take one "yi zi" measure, mixed with Zhuli (Bamboo Juice).

**Pediatrics: Jingfeng Xianji (Convulsions and Epilepsy)**
Symptoms: Throat closure, clenched teeth.
Ingredients: Qingshuang (Lead Frost) one "yi zi", Chan Su (Toad Venom) a small amount.
Preparation: Grind into powder.
Usage: Dip in Sour Plum Meat (Wumei Rou), rub on the gums. Then blow Tongguan Yao (Pass-the-Passage Medicine) into the mouth. After a while, the jaw will open.

[Discussion] Lead is condensed from Tianyi Kan Water and is the ancestor of the five metals. This represents Metal within Water. Ren Metal is Yang, and its Qi can ascend. Mercury originates from Cinnabar; it is the Kan trigram within the Li trigram, containing the essence of Metal internally, serving as the mother Qi of Kan Water. Its nature allows it to descend and interact with both. Through transformation, it expels its essence. Thus, the extreme Yin Jing-Qi interacts with the Kan within Li to descend, while the mother Qi of Kan Water, originating from Li, can interact with the Yang of Ren Metal and combine with it. How could it fail to treat heat in the Upper Jiao (Heart and Lung)? Even if accompanied by Liver Fire, it relies on its clearing and settling properties to descend. Its nature is extremely cold; it is not a substance for long-term or routine use. Discontinue once the disease resolves. It is unsuitable for those with weak Stomach, deficient Spleen, or loose bowels. It is contraindicated for those with Wind-Cold cough with excessive phlegm. (Chenggong)