五金之祖。（雌黄乃金之苗。而中有铅气。是黄金之祖矣。银坑有铅。是白金之祖矣。
信铅杂铜。是赤金之祖矣。与锡同气。是青金之祖矣。）能伏五金而死八石。故有五金狴犴
追魂使者之称。（土宿真君） 朱砂伏于铅而死于硫。硫恋于铅而伏于 。铁恋于磁而死于
铅。雄恋于铅而死于五脂。（盖赤石脂之类）故金公变化最多。一变而成胡粉。再变而成黄
丹。三变而成密陀僧。四变而为白霜。（又） 多出银矿之所。性濡而滑。色黑而淄。凡煎
银制矿必用之。（仙制本草）
气味甘寒。有小毒。降热坠痰。镇心安神。主反胃呕哕。消渴风痫。明目固牙。乌须发。
炙熨蛇蜴所伤。及解金石药毒。铅秉北方癸水之气。阴极之精。其体重实。其性濡滑。其色
黑内通于肾。有镇坠归下之功。（濒湖）得汞交感。即能治一切阴阳混淆。上盛下虚。气升
不降。发为呕吐眩晕。噎膈反胃。危笃诸疾。但不可多服。（性带阴毒。恐伤心胃。濒湖） 铅
变化为胡粉黄丹密陀僧铅白霜。其功皆与铅同。但胡粉入气分。黄丹入血分。密陀僧镇坠下
行。铅白霜专治上焦胸膈。此笃异耳。（又） 禀先天壬癸之气以生。一者数之始。水者物
之初。故曰天一生水。中含生气。为万物先。第壬金为清。癸水为浊。清为阳气。浊为阴质。
阳气为生。阴质有毒。范以法象。招摄阴阳。烹炼得宜。是成丹药。饵之仙去。（仲淳） 铅
本先天真水。性含生气而属至阴。故能降热坠痰以疗所患也。（又） 五行万物中。能解一
切毒瓦斯者。无过先天生气。土中冲气。铅兼有之。故又为解诸毒之首药。（又） 入养正丹。
治一切上盛下虚。孤阳浮越。烦躁面赤。恍惚惊惕。呕吐反胃等证。盖用以镇坠阳气。使火
入阴分。则上焦得宁而后可随证以施治也。入黑锡丹。治一切下元虚冷。阳气垂绝。阴阳将
离。及沉寒痼冷诸病。另治真头痛。盖从阳生阴长之义。直补下元之阳而归之。全赖黑铅至
阴归下。先扼其要而为主脑。若但补下元之阴。则缓而莫济也。养正丹。（治上盛下虚。气
不升降。元阳亏损。气短身羸。及中风潮涎。不省人事。伤寒阴盛。自汗唇青。妇人血海久
冷。）水银黑锡（去滓净秤）硫黄朱砂。研细。各一两。用黑盏一只。先熔黑铅成汁。次下
水银。以柳条搅。次下朱砂搅。令不见星子。下火少时。方入硫末。急搅成汁和匀。如有焰。
以醋洒之。候冷取出。研极细。糯饭糊丸绿豆大。每服三十丸。盐汤枣汤任下。黑锡丹。（
治诸逆冲上。痰气壅塞。心火炎盛。肾水枯竭。一应下虚之症。及妇人血海久冷。赤白带下
。）炮附子沉香胡卢巴（酒浸炒）阳起石（研细水飞）破故纸舶茴香煨肉蔻木香金铃子（蒸
去皮核，各一两。硫黄黑锡（去滓秤）各二两。用黑盏或新铁铫。先如常法。熔结黑锡硫黄
砂子。摊地上。出火毒。研极细。并与余药细末和匀。自朝至暮。研至黑光色为度。酒糊丸。
梧子大。阴干。入布袋内。擦令光莹。每空心服四十丸。盐姜汤或枣汤下。女人艾枣汤下。
抱胆丸。治一切癫痫风狂。或因惊恐怖畏所致。及妇人产后血虚。惊气入心。并室女经脉通
行。惊邪蕴结。水银二两。朱砂细研一两。黑铅一两半。乳香细研一两。先将黑铅入铫内。
下水银结成砂子。次下朱砂滴乳。乘热用柳木捶。研匀如鸡头子大。每服一丸。空心。井花
水下。病者得睡。切莫惊动。觉来即安。再一丸。可除根。多年反胃不止。紫背铅二两。石
亭脂（即硫之多赤者）二两。盐卤五两。烧铅以卤汁淬尽。与亭脂同炒。焰起挑于水上。焰
止研匀。蒸饼和丸梧子大。每服二十丸。石莲干柿煎汤下。久患风痫。吐沫翻目抽掣者。黑
铅水银结砂炮南星各一两。为末。糯饭丸绿豆大。一岁一丸。乳汁下。肾脏气发攻心。面黑
欲死。又诸气奔豚喘急。铅二两。石亭脂二两。木香一两。麝香一钱。先化铅炒干。入亭脂
急炒。焰起以醋喷之。倾入地坑覆住。待冷取研。粟饭丸芡子大。每用二丸。热酒化服取汗。
或下或通气即愈。如大便不通。再用一丸。入元明粉五分服。揩牙乌须固齿。黑锡一斤炒灰。
埋
四肢厥冷。命在须臾。黑铅四两。磨水一碗灌之。
〔论〕 铅禀北方癸水之气。而属至阴。凡在上之阳。偏胜以为病者。非此至阴而归原
之品。莫能疗之。第癸水为浊。浊为阴质。历按五行所生。皆以五阳配五阴。乃得展转相生。
铅属阴质。其生气全藉于阳。故硫铅交感交化。乃真自然之妙。如铅丹则铅中入硫硝。制炒
有法。庶可治疗诸病。即铅霜亦由铅汞结砂。二气交感。吐出精英。尚不似极阴之重滞也。
铅气沉重。未经烹炼。癸水之阴质尚存。多服损伤心脾。（金石与人身气血异。悟真篇
云。非类难为巧是已。）凡脾胃虚寒。阳火不足。饮食不化。下部阴湿诸证。法咸忌之。（仲
淳）
〔修治〕 凡入药。用铁铫熔化。泻新瓦上。滤去渣脚。如此数次。取净者用。
The ancestor of the Five Metals (Gold, Silver, Copper, Iron, Tin). (Realgar is the sprout of gold, but contains lead qi, thus it is the ancestor of yellow gold. Silver pits contain lead, thus it is the ancestor of white silver. Xin lead mixed with copper is the ancestor of red gold. Sharing the same qi as tin, it is the ancestor of green gold.) It can subdue the Five Metals and render the Eight Minerals (Cinnabar, Realgar, Azurite, Malachite, Magnetite, Magnet Stone, Rong Salt, Niter, etc.) inert. Hence it is called the "Warden of the Five Metals, Soul-Chasing Messenger" (also known as Lord of the Earthly Constellation). Cinnabar relies on lead but dies from sulfur; sulfur clings to lead but is subdued by mercury; iron clings to magnetite but dies from lead; realgar clings to lead but dies from the Five Fats (such as Halloysitum Rubrum). Thus, lead undergoes the most transformations: one transformation yields Hu Fen (Lead Carbonate), a second yields Huang Dan (Minium), a third yields Mituo Seng (Litharge), and a fourth yields Bai Shuang (Lead Frost). Lead is mostly found in silver mines. Its nature is moist and slippery, its color black and staining. It is essential for smelting silver ores or refining minerals. (From *Xian Zhi Ben Cao*)
Its flavor is sweet and cold, with slight toxicity. It descends heat and collapses phlegm, calms the heart and settles the spirit. It treats regurgitation and vomiting, thirst-wasting (Xiao Ke), wind epilepsy, brightens the eyes, strengthens teeth, darkens beard and hair. Applied externally via moxibustion or warming, it treats snake or lizard bites, and resolves the toxicity of mineral drugs. Lead inherits the qi of Gui Water of the North, representing the essence of extreme Yin. Its weight is substantial, its nature moist and slippery, its color black, internally connecting to the Kidney. It has the function of descending and anchoring downwards. (Li Shizhen) When interacting with mercury, it treats all conditions of yin-yang confusion, excess above and deficiency below, rising qi failing to descend, manifesting as vomiting, vertigo, dysphagia, and regurgitation in critical illnesses. However, it must not be taken in large doses. (Its nature carries yin toxicity, fearing damage to the heart and stomach. Li Shizhen) The transformed forms of lead—Hu Fen, Huang Dan, Mituo Seng, and Lead Frost—share the same efficacy as lead itself, but Hu Fen enters the Qi level, Huang Dan enters the Blood level, Mituo Seng anchors and descends, and Lead Frost specifically treats the Upper Jiao chest and diaphragm. These are their subtle differences. Lead is born from the innate Ren and Gui qi. One is the beginning of numbers, water is the origin of things, hence "Heaven generates One with Water," containing Sheng Qi (vital energy), preceding all things. Ren Metal is clear, Gui Water is turbid; clarity is Yang Qi, turbidity is Yin substance. Yang Qi generates life, Yin substance is toxic. If regulated by symbolic laws, attracting yin and yang, and properly refined, it becomes an elixir. Ingesting it leads to immortality. (Chen Zhongchun) Lead is originally innate true water, containing Sheng Qi while belonging to Extreme Yin, thus it can descend heat and collapse phlegm to treat diseases. Among the Five Elements and all things, nothing surpasses innate Sheng Qi and the Chong Qi in earth to resolve all toxic vapors. Lead possesses both, making it the premier herb for resolving various toxins. Included in *Yang Zheng Dan* to treat excess above and deficiency below, floating solitary Yang, irritability, red face,恍惚 (fluctuation/confusion), fright, vomiting, and regurgitation. It uses lead to anchor Yang Qi, allowing Fire to enter the Yin level, calming the Upper Jiao before treating specific symptoms. Included in *Hei Xi Dan* to treat deficiency-cold of the Lower Yuan, declining Yang, impending separation of yin and yang, and entrenched cold diseases, as well as True Headache. It follows the principle of generating Yin from Yang, directly tonifying the Yang of the Lower Yuan. This relies entirely on Black Lead's Extreme Yin descending first to grasp the key point. Merely tonifying Yin would be too slow and ineffective. *Yang Zheng Dan* treats excess above and deficiency below, non-ascending/descending Qi, loss of Primordial Yang, shortness of breath and emaciation, wind-stroke with frothy saliva and unconsciousness, cold damage with Yin excess, spontaneous sweating and blue lips, and long-standing cold in the Blood Sea of women. Ingredients: Mercury, Hei Xi (Black Tin, filtered and weighed), Sulfur, Cinnabar, finely ground, each 1 liang. Use a black bowl, melt Black Lead first, add Mercury, stir with willow twig, add Cinnabar, stir until no stars remain, apply slight fire, then add Sulfur powder, stir urgently until liquid and uniform. If flames appear, sprinkle vinegar. Cool, remove, grind extremely fine, mix with glutinous rice paste, pill to size of mung beans. Take 30 pills per dose with salt water or jujube water. *Hei Xi Dan* treats rebellious Qi rushing upward, phlegm-Qi obstruction, blazing Heart Fire, depleted Kidney Water, all deficiency-below syndromes, and women's long-standing cold in the Blood Sea with leukorrhea. Ingredients: Prepared Aconite, Agarwood, Trigonella foenum-graecum (wine-soaked and fried), Pyrite (ground fine and washed with water), Semen Cuscutae, Fennel, baked Nutmeg, Aucklandia, Evodia (steamed, skin and seeds removed, each 1 liang), Sulfur, Hei Xi (filtered and weighed, each 2 liang). Use a black bowl or new iron pot, melt and bind Hei Xi and Sulfur according to standard method, spread on ground to remove fire toxicity, grind extremely fine, mix with other powdered herbs, grind from morning to night until black and glossy. Pill with wine paste to size of wu zi, dry in shade, place in cloth bag, polish. Take 40 empty-stomach pills with salt-ginger water or jujube water; women use mugwort-jujube water. *Bao Dan Wan* treats all epilepsy and mania caused by fright or terror, postpartum blood deficiency with fright entering the Heart, and virgins' menstrual flow with accumulated fright pathogen. Ingredients: Mercury 2 liang, Cinnabar 1 liang (fine), Black Lead 1.5 liang, Frankincense 1 liang (fine). Melt Black Lead in pot, add Mercury to form cinnabar-like grains, add Cinnabar and drop milk, beat hot with willow wood until uniform like corn kernels. Take 1 pill empty-stomach with well water. Patient sleeps, do not disturb. Upon waking, safe. Another pill removes root cause. For chronic regurgitation: Zi Bei Qian (Purple-backed Lead) 2 liang, Shi Ting Zhi (Sulfur with red hue) 2 liang, Salt Brine 5 liang. Roast lead, quench with brine until exhausted, stir-fry with Ting Zhi. When flame rises, lift onto water. When flame stops, grind uniform. Mix with steamed bun dough, pill to wu zi size. Take 20 pills with stone lotus and dried persimmon decoction. For chronic wind epilepsy with foaming, eye rolling, and convulsions: Black Lead, Mercury Cinnabar, Prepared Arisaema each 1 liang, powder, glutinous rice pill, mung bean size. One pill per year of age, with milk. For Kidney Qi attacking Heart, black face nearing death, and running piglet Qi with asthma: Lead 2 liang, Shi Ting Zhi 2 liang, Aucklandia 1 liang, Musk 1 qian. Melt lead, stir-fry dry, add Ting Zhi, stir-fry urgently. When flame rises, spray vinegar, pour into pit, cover. Cool, grind. Mix with millet rice, pill to qian zi size. Take 2 pills, dissolve in hot wine to induce sweat, or promote bowel movement/Qi flow for cure. If constipated, take another pill with 5 fen Yuan Ming Fen. For brushing teeth, darkening beard, strengthening teeth: Roast 1 jin Black Tin to ash, bury... For cold limbs and imminent death: Grind 4 liang Black Lead in 1 bowl of water, administer.
[Discussion] Lead inherits the Gui Water Qi of the North and belongs to Extreme Yin. For diseases caused by excessive Yang above, only this Extreme Yin substance returning to its origin can treat them. However, Gui Water is turbid, representing Yin substance. According to the generation of the Five Elements, pairing Five Yang with Five Yin allows mutual generation. Lead is a Yin substance, its Sheng Qi relying entirely on Yang. Thus, the interaction and transformation between Sulfur and Lead represent true natural wonder. For example, Qian Dan (Lead Red) involves adding Sulfur and Niter to Lead, processed with specific methods, suitable for treating diseases. Even Qian Shuang (Lead Frost) results from Lead-Mercury binding, two Qi interacting, exuding essence, not as heavy and stagnant as Extreme Yin. Lead Qi is heavy; unrefined, it retains Gui Water Yin substance, damaging Heart and Spleen if taken excessively. (Mineral stones differ from human Qi and Blood; *Wu Zhen Pian* says: "Different categories are hard to make skillful.") All conditions of Spleen-Stomach deficiency-cold, insufficient Yang Fire, indigestion, and lower body damp-cold are contraindicated. (Chen Zhongchun)
[Processing] For medicinal use, melt in an iron pot, pour onto new tile, filter out dregs. Repeat several times, use the purified portion.