名义 盖恶者，畏恶也，当作去声。恶心者，想见饮食即有畏恶之心也。若作善恶之恶，则词理不通矣。
（《指掌》）
源由证治诸说 恶心者，由心下有停水积饮所为也。心主火，脾主土，土性克水。今脾虚，则土气衰弱，
不能克消水饮。水饮之气不散，上乘于心，复遇冷气所加之，故令火气不宣，则心里淡淡然欲吐，名为恶心也。
（《病源论》）
恶心，有痰，有热，有虚，皆用生姜随证佐药。（《丹溪》）
恶心欲吐不吐，心中兀兀（按∶《要诀》心下映漾），如畏舟船，宜大半夏汤，或小半夏茯苓汤，或理中汤
（以上《要诀》同）加半夏亦可。又胃中有热恶心者，以二陈汤，加生姜汁炒黄连、黄芩各一钱，最妙。（同上）
戴云∶恶心者，无声无物，但心中欲吐不吐，欲呕不呕，虽曰恶心，非心经之病，其病皆在胃口上，宜用生姜，
盖能开胃豁痰也。（《钩玄》）
恶心者，皆胃口有痰，以生姜半夏汤主之。或集香宝屑，常嚼些须。（《原病集》）
恶心证，胃口泛逆，兀兀不宁之病。凡恶心欲吐，口必流涎，咽之不下，愈咽愈恶，而呕吐继之，亦有不呕吐
而时见恶心者。然此虽曰恶心，而实胃口之病，非心病也。此证之因，则有寒有食，有痰饮，有秽气，有火邪，
有阴湿伤胃，或伤寒疟痢诸邪之在胃口者，皆得有之。若欲察之，但当察其虚实寒热则尽之矣。盖实邪恶心者，邪
去则止，其来速其去亦速。虚邪恶心者，必得胃气大复，其病方愈。（《景岳》）
治方《新录方》治恶心方。
槟榔仁末，方寸匕，生姜汁服之，日二。又加橘皮更佳。（《医心》）
拯要方，疗冷痰气在胸，腹胀不能食，吐水沫，耿耿恶心方。
吴茱萸（一升） 橘皮（二两） 杏仁（三两） 生姜汁（三合）
上以水五升，煮取一升六合，去滓，纳槟榔仁散方寸匕，分再服，得一两行利大快。三五日服一剂，病都除，
乃停。亦可加浓朴三两，益佳。（同上）
治恶心方。
苦瓠瓤并子一升碎，以酒水三升，煮取一升，顿服，须臾吐并下如虾蟆衣三升。（《千金》）
集香宝屑。
白豆蔻 缩砂仁 白茯苓 甘草 橘红 香附子（各等分）
上件细切和匀，入盐少许，常细嚼。（《原病集》）（按∶《奇效·痰饮门》有醉乡宝屑，此其类方。）
[Naming] The term "E" (Wu) here means fear or aversion, and should be pronounced with the falling tone. "Nausea" refers to a feeling of fear and aversion that arises in the mind when thinking about or seeing food and drink. If interpreted as the "E" meaning good or evil, the logic would be flawed.
(From *Zhi Zhang*)
[Origins, Syndromes, and Treatments] Nausea is caused by the retention of water and accumulated fluids in the epigastrium. The Heart governs Fire, and the Spleen governs Earth; the nature of Earth controls Water. Now, due to Spleen deficiency, the Qi of Earth is weak and cannot control and eliminate water and fluids. The Qi of retained water and fluids does not dissipate but ascends to overwhelm the Heart. Coupled with the invasion of cold qi, the Fire Qi of the Heart fails to circulate freely, resulting in a faint desire to vomit from within the chest. This is termed nausea.
(From *Bing Yuan Lun*)
For nausea, whether caused by phlegm, heat, or deficiency, Ginger (*Sheng Jiang*) can be used as an adjuvant herb according to the syndrome. (From *Dan Xi*)
When one feels nauseous and desires to vomit but cannot, experiencing a palpitation and uneasiness in the heart region (described in *Yao Jue* as a sloshing sensation in the lower chest), resembling seasickness, Banxia Houpo Tang (Pinellia and Magnolia Bark Decoction) or Xiaobanxia Fuling Tang (Minor Pinellia and Poria Decoction) or Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) are appropriate (these are consistent with *Yao Jue*). Adding Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome) is also acceptable. Furthermore, for nausea caused by heat in the Stomach, Erchen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction) added with Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) and Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), each one qian, stir-fried with Ginger juice, is most effective. (Ibid.)
Dai Yun stated: Nausea involves no sound and no expulsion of matter, only a sensation of wanting to vomit but being unable to do so. Although called nausea, it is not a disease of the Heart Meridian; the pathology lies at the entrance of the Stomach. Ginger should be used because it opens the Stomach and resolves phlegm. (From *Gou Xuan*)
Nausea is invariably caused by phlegm in the Stomach entrance. It is treated primarily with Shengjiang Banxia Tang (Ginger and Pinellia Decoction). Alternatively, Jixiang Baoxiao (Aromatic Treasure Crumbs) can be chewed occasionally. (From *Yuan Bing Ji*)
The syndrome of nausea is characterized by rebellious Qi rising from the Stomach entrance and inner restlessness. Whenever one feels nauseous and wants to vomit, saliva inevitably flows into the mouth. Swallowing it does not help but increases the nausea, eventually leading to vomiting. There are cases where there is no vomiting but only intermittent nausea. However, although termed nausea, this is actually a disorder of the Stomach entrance, not the Heart. The causes include Cold, Food Retention, Phlegm-Fluids, Filthy Qi, Pathogenic Fire, Yin-Dampness injuring the Stomach, or pathogens such as Cold Damage, Malaria, or Dysentery residing in the Stomach entrance. To differentiate, one need only examine the deficiency/excess and cold/heat patterns. For nausea caused by excess pathogens, the illness ceases once the pathogen is expelled; it comes quickly and goes quickly. For nausea caused by deficient pathogens, recovery requires the substantial restoration of Stomach Qi. (From *Jing Yue*)
[Treatment Formulas] *Xin Lu Fang* formula for treating nausea.
Binglang Ren Mo (Areca Seed Powder), one cun bi dose, taken with Ginger juice, twice daily. Adding Chujpi (Tangerine Peel) is even better. (From *Yi Xin*)
Zheng Yao Fang, for treating Cold-Phlegm Qi stagnating in the chest, abdominal distension preventing eating, spitting out watery foam, and persistent nausea.
Wuzhuyu (Evodia Fruit) - 1 sheng
Chujpi (Tangerine Peel) - 2 liang
Xingren (Apricot Seed) - 3 liang
Shengjiang Zhi (Ginger Juice) - 3 he
Take five sheng of water, decoct to obtain one sheng and six tou. Strain the dregs, add Binglang Ren San (Areca Seed Powder) one cun bi, and divide into two doses. After administration, expect one loose bowel movement, bringing great relief. Take one dose every three to five days until the illness is completely eradicated, then discontinue. Adding Houpo (Magnolia Bark) three liang is also beneficial. (Ibid.)
Formula for treating nausea.
Ku Hu Rang bing Zi (Pulp and Seeds of Bitter Gourd) - 1 sheng, crushed.
Decoct in three sheng of wine and water mixture to obtain one sheng. Take all at once. Shortly thereafter, expect vomiting and defecation of material resembling frog skin, amounting to approximately three sheng. (From *Qian Jin*)
Jixiang Baoxiao (Aromatic Treasure Crumbs).
Baishadoukou (White Cardamom Seed)
Suosharen (Amomum Fruit)
Baifuling (White Poria)
Gancao (Licorice Root)
Juhong (Exocarpium Citri Reticulatae Rubrum)
Xiangfuzi (Cyperi Rhizoma)
(Equal parts)
Finely cut and mix evenly. Add a small amount of salt. Chew thoroughly and frequently. (From *Yuan Bing Ji*) (Note: *Qi Xiao Liang Fang*, Chapter on Phlegm-Fluids, contains Zuixiang Baoxiao, which is similar to this formula.)