上为末，每服二钱，水一小盏，姜枣同煎至六分，通口服，进四服，看大小用。（《幼幼》）《杨氏》塌胀
丸，治水病，浑身肿胀，喘急，小便不利。于本方去萝卜子、槟榔、甘草，为细末，滴水和丸，如绿豆大，每服
三十丸，煮赤小豆汤下，不拘时候。（先教谕改为汤，每服槟榔末一钱，尤佳。）《袖珍》退肿塌气散，治积水
惊水，或饮水过多，停积于脾，故四肢肿而身热，宜用药内消，其肿自退，于本方去中庸、槟榔。
《惠眼观证》治水气肿满黄胆，中庸饮子方。
海金砂 续随子（各一分） 生姜 中庸（樟柳根是也各一两） 蜜（二两）
上五味细研，罨一宿，以次日五更时，用绢帛滤汁，只作一服，温暖吃尽，食前逼下黄水，乃服匀气药，补后
用樟柳根煮粥吃。（《幼幼》）
阳水肿胀，续随子炒去油二两，大黄一两，为末，酒水丸绿豆大，每日汤下五十丸，以去陈 。（《本草纲
目》引《摘玄方》）（此方先教谕名联步丸，联步即续随子也。）
治夏月暴冷，忽则壮热泄痢，引饮热汤下断，变通身浮肿，成冷下结，脉沉细小数方。
泽漆（一两半） 吴茱萸 茯苓 白术 桔梗 当归 犀角 青木香 海藻 芍药 大黄（各二两）
上十一味 咀，以水九升，煮取三升，分三服，下后消息五六日许。（《千金》）
疏凿饮子，治水气，通身洪肿，喘呼气急，烦躁多渴，大小便不利，服热药不得者。
泽泻 赤小豆（炒） 商陆 羌活（去芦） 大腹皮 椒目 木通 秦艽（去芦） 槟榔 茯苓皮
上等分 咀，每服四钱，水一盏半，生姜五片，煎至七分，去滓温服，不拘时候。（《济生》）
赤小豆汤，治年少血气俱热，遂生疮疥，变为肿满，或烦或渴，小便不利。
赤小豆（炒） 当归（去芦炒） 商陆 泽泻 连翘仁 赤芍药 汉防己 木猪苓（去皮） 桑白皮（炙）
泽漆（各半两）
上 咀，每服四钱，水一盏半，生姜五片，煎至八分，去滓温服，不拘时候。热甚者，加犀角二钱半。（同上）
治水气，牵牛五灵煮散方。
牵牛子（炒） 槟榔（锉） 木香 赤茯苓（去黑皮） 陈橘皮（汤浸去白焙各一两）
上五味捣罗为散，如茶法煎三两沸，渴即饮之。此药兼治一切肺气香港脚，每觉心胸烦闷时，服一盏即愈。奔
豚气上筑心胸，不可忍者，并三两盏立效。（《圣济》）（按∶此盖徒都子方。）
消水肿膏
田螺 大蒜 车前子
上三味和研作膏，作大饼覆脐上，水从便旋而出，数日而愈。（《群书钞方》引仇远《稗史》）
渗泄诸方 治肿入腹，苦满急，害饮食方。鲤鱼一头重五斤者，以水二斗，煮取斗半，去鱼，泽漆五两，
茯苓三两，桑根白皮切三升，泽泻五两，又煮取四升，分四服服
之，小盒饭利，渐消也。（《肘后》）
若但是肿者，菟丝子一升，酒五升，渍二三宿，服一升，日三服瘥。（同上）
若唯腹大，动摇水声，皮肤黑，名曰水蛊。白茅根一大把，小豆三升，煮取干，去茅根，食豆，水随小便下。
（同上）
深师疗暴水风水肿，或疮中水，通身皆肿，香薷术丸方。
干香薷（一斤） 白术（七两）
上二味，捣术下筛，浓煮香薷取汁，和术为丸，饮服如梧子十丸，日夜四五服，利小便极良。夏取花叶合用，
亦佳。（《外台》）
崔氏疗水病，洪肿气胀，不消食方。干香薷五十斤。上一味细锉，内釜中，以水淹之，出香薷上数寸，煎使气
两尽（《本草》使气力都尽），清澄之，渐火煎令可丸，服五丸如梧子，日三。稍加之，以小便利为度也，无所
忌。《经心录》同。（同上）（按∶《本草图经》引胡洽与崔氏同。《本草纲目》曰∶其治水之功，果有奇效。《
医宗粹言》曰∶一方用香茹，冶水肿甚捷，有彻上彻下之功，肺得之则清化行而水自下。）
胃苓丸，治肿。
平胃散 五苓散
上各一帖，用大蒜蒸熟，丸胃苓二药五十丸，煎木通汤吞下。（《朱氏》）
《方脉正宗》治诸湿肿，痰胀水胀，以五苓散加旋复花最妙。气实者，加葶苈子一、二钱。（《本草汇言》）
通苓散，治肿满，口燥咽干，小便绝少。
猪苓（去皮） 白术（去芦） 泽泻（去毛） 赤茯苓（去皮） 车前子 木通 茵陈 瞿麦
上锉散，每服四钱，水一盏半，灯心、麦门冬煎服。（《得效》）
冬瓜丸，治十种水气，浮肿喘满。
大冬瓜（一枚，先于头边切一盖子，取去中间瓤不用，以赤小豆水淘净，填满冬瓜中，再用盖子合了，用竹签
签定，以麻线系，纸筋黄泥固济，窖干，用糯谷破取糠片两大箩，置冬瓜在内，以火着糠内煨之，候火尽取出泥，
刮冬瓜令净，薄切作片子，并豆一处焙干。）
上为细末，水煮面糊为丸，如梧桐子大，每服五十丸，煎冬瓜子汤送下，不拘时候，小便利为验。（《杨氏》）
水肿，遍身浮肿，坐卧不得方。
兰香三升，以水四升，煎取二升，分三服之。（《备预百要方》按∶《本草》白字∶兰草，味辛平，主利水
道。）
崔氏疗水病身肿方。
鲤鱼一头（极大者去头尾及骨唯取肉）
上一味，以水二斗，赤小豆一升，和鱼肉煮，可取二升以上汁，生布绞去滓，顿服尽。如不能尽，分为二服，
后服温令暖。服讫下利，利尽即瘥。（《外台》）千金治大肠水，乍虚乍实，上下来去方，于本方加桑白皮、白术，
以水煮取鱼烂，去鱼食取尽，并取汁细细饮下，鱼勿用盐。《圣惠》治水肿，利小便，鲤鱼粥方，于本方加商陆、
紫苏茎叶，水煮候鱼烂熟，空腹食之，其汁入葱白、生姜、橘皮及少醋，调和作羹食之，其豆亦宜吃。（按∶《千
金》、《外台》更有鲤鱼数方，宜考。）
乌珀散，治血分肿胀，溺涩短少，面目肢体尽皆浮肿者。
乌鲤鱼（斤许者一尾） 琥珀（真者六钱） 砂仁（一两）
先将鱼用竹条二根，从腮内取出肠杂，以琥珀、砂仁填灌腹内，用黄泥浓涂，以火围煨，俟烟将尽，即退
火，俟冷敲下泥，取药研末，每服钱半，木香汤调下。（《医级》）
疏气诸方 治喘，手足肿，无碍丸。
大腹皮（炙二两） 蓬莪术 三棱（皆湿纸裹煨熟一两） 木香（面裹煨熟半两） 槟榔（生一分）
上为末，炒麦 捣粉为糊，丸如梧桐子大，服二三十丸，生姜汤下。（《苏沈》）《三因》治脾气横泄，
四肢浮肿，心腹胀满，喘不得卧。
遂香丸，祈仙治邪气内逆，气不行为水肿，用此利气泄水。
橘红（一两） 木香 青木香 沉香 槟榔 皂荚 甘遂 乳香 没药（各三钱） 人参（一钱）
醋糊丸如梧子大，烧酒下八分，渐减分数。（《大还》）
渗泄疏气并用诸方 治水气，遍身浮肿，心胸急硬，气满上喘，大小便涩方。
桑根白皮（三两锉） 赤小豆（一升以水五升煮熟取汁二升） 郁李仁（三两汤浸去皮微炒） 陈橘皮（二两
汤浸去白瓤焙） 紫苏叶（二两） 白茅根（三两锉）
上件药，捣筛为散，每服五钱，以小豆汁一大盏，煎至五分，去滓温服，日三服。（《圣惠》）（按∶此方
本出《外台》引《古今录验》疗气忽发满胸急者，然不以小豆汁煎，故今从《圣惠》录。《外台》又引文仲疗气
兼水身面肿方，于本方去紫苏、茅根，加海藻、茯苓，宜参。）
治虚劳，四肢浮肿，喘息促急，小便不利，坐卧不安，汉防己散方。
汉防己（三分） 猪苓（三分） 陈橘皮（二两汤浸去白瓤焙） 海蛤
（一两） 赤茯苓（三分） 桑根白皮（三分） 白术（半两） 木香（半两） 槟榔（一两） 紫苏
茎叶（一两） 木通（一两锉）
上件药捣，粗罗为散，每服三钱，以水一中盏，入生姜半分，煎至六分去滓，不计时候温服。（同上）《圣济
》治痢后，四肢浮肿。
五皮散，治暴发头面四肢肿喘候。
赤茯苓皮 大腹皮 桑白皮 橘皮 生姜皮（以上各等分）
上件捣罗为末，每服煎紫苏汤调下一大钱，煎服亦得，日进二服。（《传家秘宝》）《中藏经》大治男子妇人
脾胃停滞，头目四肢悉肿，心腹胀满，上气促急，胸膈烦闷，痰涎上壅，饮食不下，行步气奔，状如水病。先服此
药，能疏理脾气，消退虚肿。切不可乱服泻水等药，以致脾元虚损，所患愈甚。此药平良无毒，多服不妨。即本方
为粗末，每服三钱，水一盏半，煎至八分去滓，不计时候温服。《三因》治皮水，四肢头面悉肿，按之没指，不恶
风，其腹如故，不喘不渴，脉亦浮，即本方，近人磨木香水同煎亦妙（按∶浓磨木香一呷同煎用，亦见《妇人良方》
引《指迷方》）。《全婴方论》紫苏叶及五皮，水半盏，煎三分，去滓无时。《和剂》五皮散，主治稍与《中藏
经》同，于本方去桑白皮、橘皮，加五加皮、地骨皮。（《事证方》陈世德方，用原方云∶或加五加皮亦得，盖欲
肿从小便去也。）《鸡峰》白术散，若其人久下利之后（《宝鉴》其人，有“他病瘥后或”五字），卒然身体足胫
面目浮肿，小便反快，切其脉大而虚，此由脾肺虚弱，肺虚则不能潮诸气，脾虚则肌肉空疏，气无所归。于本方去桑
白皮，加白术。《澹寮》曰∶予少年时，曾患腹肚面目微肿，及内膨气急，服铺家五皮饮无效，归请益于叔
父。叔曰∶《局方》五皮饮，有地骨皮五加皮，非也；当如《中藏经》，使陈皮、桑白皮，乃有功于脾肺矣。根据而用
之，三服即效。后以此活人颇多，最是己未岁，游清江市中，见一婆子，头面四肢洪肿，气喘腹胀，坐卧不安。
予就写五皮饮方与之，不旬日复再至市，乃见其已无恙。予自忘与之方，但见婆子举家有愧色而谓予曰∶近日病
顿自安。予方丁属其将息法，忽见棹间有大筐盘药滓，视之即五皮饮方，知其取效于此方，小人不知予之心，乃虑求
报，故妄托自愈。又甲子岁至五年，有一知县女，患证几似婆子，惟六脉细沉，为用五皮饮，加附子皮及复元丹，
亦有效。戊辰岁过封川，欧解元者，病肿而脉沉细，亦取速效于五皮饮加附子皮。半载后，又有一人腹肿而小腑不快，
况其素有白浊便多之患，一旦不流通而钟聚焉。予以五皮饮加猪苓皮疗之，亦取效。乃知此药不可轻忽。但《三因
方》磨木香水煎者，却反不验，尤不可晓。
茯苓汤，治脾气不实，手足浮肿，小便秘涩，气急喘满。
赤茯苓（去皮） 泽泻 香附子（去毛） 橘红 大腹皮 干生姜 桑白皮（细锉炒七味各等分）
上件 咀，每服五钱，水一盏半，煎至七分，去滓温服，不拘时候。（《杨氏》）
木香分气汤，治气留滞，四肢肿满，腹急中满，胸胁膨急，虚气上冲，小便臭浊，神思不爽。
木香（一两） 赤茯苓（一两） 泽泻（半两） 木猪苓（去皮三分） 半夏（汤洗七遍半两生姜汁浸三宿炒）
枳壳（去穗麸炒半两） 紫苏子（半两炒） 槟榔（半两炒）
上件为粗饮，每服三钱，水一盏半，入灯心五寸长二十
茎，煎至八分去滓，入麝香半字和匀，食前服。（《叶氏》）（《荩斋医要》不用麝香。）
加减五苓散，治肿疾。
木猪苓 白茯苓 白术 板桂（各七钱） 泽泻（一两） 南木香 丁香 沉香 槟榔（各七钱） 白豆
蔻（三钱半）
上为细末，每服一钱半，煎白樟柳汤，空心点服。如要取水，加甘遂半钱在药内，利三、五次，又当以匀气药止
之。（《朱氏》）
香陆胃苓丸，治肿疾日久不愈，此药大能实脾导水，多服取效。
丁香（去梗） 商陆 赤小豆 陈皮（去白） 甘草（炙五味各二两） 苍术（如前制三两） 泽泻（去粗皮
二两半） 赤茯苓（去皮） 猪苓（去皮） 白术（三味各一两半） 肉桂（去粗皮一两） 浓朴（同上制一两）
上除丁香、肉桂不过火，余药锉焙，同前二味为末，用面微炒，水浸透煮糊，丸绿豆大，每服三十丸，至五
十丸或七十丸，空心温汤下。儿小者，丸作粟壳大，吞服。（《活幼心书》）
大橘皮汤，治湿热内甚，心腹胀满，水肿，小便不利，大便滑泄。
橘皮（一两半去白） 木香（一分） 滑石（六两） 槟榔（三钱） 茯苓（一两去皮） 木猪苓（去皮）
泽泻 白术 官桂（各半两） 甘草（二钱）
上为末，每服五钱，水一盏，生姜五片，煎至六分，去滓温服。（《宣明》）（按∶此方自五苓散变来。如
《宝鉴》茯苓琥珀汤，亦于五苓散加琥珀、滑石、甘草，治湿热内蓄，膀胱窍涩，录在《淋病》中，当参。）
导滞通经汤，治脾湿有余，及气不宣通，面目手足浮肿。
木香 白术 桑白皮 陈皮（各五钱） 茯苓（去皮一两）
上 咀，每服五钱，水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣温服，空心食前。（《宝鉴》）又神秘汤，治病患不得卧，
卧则喘，水气逆行，上乘于肺，肺得水而浮，使气不通流，脉沉大，于本方去白术，加紫苏叶、人参、生姜。
导水茯苓汤，治水肿，头面手足遍身肿，如烂瓜之状，手按而塌陷，手起随手而高突，喘满倚息，不能转侧，
The above herbs are ground into fine powder. Each dose is two qian (approx. 6-7g), decocted with one small cup of water, fresh ginger, and jujube until reduced to six-tenths volume. Take orally in one go. Administer four doses, adjusting according to bowel and bladder conditions. (From *Youyou Xinshu*)
*Tazhang Wan* (Collapse-Bloating Pill) from *Yang's Family Prescriptions* treats water disease characterized by generalized edema, panting, and dysuria. Modify the base formula by removing *Radix Raphani Sativi* (Luo Bo Zi), *Areca Seed* (Bing Lang), and *Licorice Root* (Gan Cao). Grind into fine powder, add water to form pills the size of mung beans. Each dose is thirty pills, taken with decoction of *Adzuki Bean* (Chi Xiao Dou), at any time. (Xian Jiaoyu modified this into a decoction, using one qian of *Areca Seed* powder, which is even better.)
*Tui Zhong Ta Qi San* (Reduce Swelling and Collapse Qi Powder) from *Xiuzhen Fang* treats fluid accumulation, fright-water, or excessive water intake leading to stagnation in the spleen, causing swollen limbs and fever. Medication should be used to resolve internal accumulation, after which swelling subsides. Remove *Zhongyong* (Root of *Prunus armata* / Zhang Liu Gen) and *Areca Seed* (Bing Lang) from the base formula.
*Zhongyong Yinzi* (Zhongyong Decoction) from *Huiyan Guanzheng* treats water qi edema, fullness, and jaundice.
Ingredients: *Calcitrum* (Hai Jin Sha), *Euphorbia Lathyris Seed* (Xu Sui Zi) (each 1 fen); Fresh Ginger (Sheng Jiang), *Zhongyong* (i.e., Root of *Prunus armata* / Zhang Liu Gen) (each 1 liang); Honey (2 liang).
Grind the five ingredients finely, cover and leave overnight. At dawn the next day, filter the juice through silk cloth. Take as a single dose, warm. This will force out yellow fluid. Afterwards, take harmonizing qi medicine, and later use porridge made with *Root of Prunus armata* (Zhang Liu Gen) for tonification. (From *Youyou Xinshu*)
For yang-type edema and bloating: *Euphorbia Lathyris Seed* (Xu Sui Zi), stir-fried to remove oil (2 liang); *Rhubarb Rhizome and Root* (Da Huang) (1 liang). Grind into powder, make pills with wine and water, size of mung beans. Take fifty pills daily with decoction to expel chronic pathogens. (*Bencao Gangmu* citing *Zhaixuan Fang*). (This formula was named *Lianbu Wan* by Xian Jiaoyu; *Lianbu* refers to *Euphorbia Lathyris*.)
For sudden cold in summer followed by high fever and dysentery, cessation of drinking hot soup, leading to generalized edema and cold lower binding syndrome with deep, fine, rapid pulse:
*Phytolacca Acinosa Root* (Ze Qi) (1.5 liang); *Evodia Fruit* (Wu Zhu Yu), *Poria* (Fu Ling), *Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome* (Bai Zhu), *Platycodon Root* (Jie Geng), *Angelica Sinensis Root* (Dang Gui), *Rhinoceros Horn* (Xi Jiao), *Illicium Aromaticum* (Qing Mu Xiang), *Sargassum* (Hai Zao), *Peony Root* (Shao Yao), *Rhubarb Rhizome and Root* (Da Huang) (each 2 liang).
Chop the eleven ingredients, decoct in nine sheng of water until three sheng remain. Divide into three doses. Observe for five to six days after administration. (From *Qianjin Fang*)
*Shuozao Yinzi* (Scouring Decoction) treats water qi with severe generalized edema, panting, irritability, thirst, and obstruction of urination and defecation, suitable for cases where hot medicines cannot be tolerated.
*Alisma Rhizome* (Ze Xie), *Adzuki Bean* (Chi Xiao Dou, stir-fried), *Phytolacca Root* (Shang Lu), *Notopterygium Rhizome and Root* (Qiang Huo, remove rhizome), *Betel Nut* (Da Fu Pi), *Sichuan Pepper Seed* (Jiao Mu), *Akebia Stem* (Mu Tong), *Kochia Herb* (Qin Jiao, remove rhizome), *Areca Seed* (Bing Lang), *Poria Skin* (Fu Ling Pi).
Equal parts, chopped. Each dose is four qian, decocted with one and a half cups of water and five slices of fresh ginger until seven-tenths volume remains. Strain and take warm, at any time. (From *Jisheng Fang*)
*Chi Xiao Dou Tang* (Adzuki Bean Decoction) treats young people with heat in both blood and qi, leading to sores and scabies, transforming into edema and fullness, irritability or thirst, and dysuria.
*Adzuki Bean* (Chi Xiao Dou, stir-fried), *Angelica Sinensis Root* (Dang Gui, remove rhizome and stir-fry), *Phytolacca Root* (Shang Lu), *Alisma Rhizome* (Ze Xie), *Forsythia Fruit* (Lian Qiao Ren), *Red Peony Root* (Chi Shao Yao), *Stephania Tetrandra Root* (Han Fang Ji), *Polyporus* (Mu Zhu Ling, remove skin), *Mulberry Root Bark* (Sang Bai Pi, roasted), *Phytolacca Acinosa Root* (Ze Qi) (each half liang).
Chop, each dose four qian, decoct with one and a half cups of water and five slices of fresh ginger until eight-tenths volume remains. Strain and take warm, at any time. For severe heat, add *Rhinoceros Horn* (Xi Jiao) two and a half qian. (Same source)
*Qianniu Wuling Zhusan* (Bindweed Five Spirits Decoction Powder) for water qi.
*Bindweed Seed* (Qian Niu Zi, stir-fried), *Areca Seed* (Bing Lang, sliced), *Costus Root* (Mu Xiang), *Red Poria* (Chi Fu Ling, remove black skin), *Tangerine Peel* (Chen Ju Pi, soaked in water, remove white pith, dried) (each 1 liang).
Grind the five ingredients into powder. Decoct like tea for three boils. Drink when thirsty. This medicine also treats all types of lung qi stagnation and Hong Kong foot (podagra). When chest and heart feel stifled, one cup cures it. For panic qi rushing up to the chest and heart, unbearable pain, three cups bring immediate relief. (From *Shengji Zonglu*) (Note: This is likely a formula by Tu Duizi.)
*Xiao Shui Zhong Gao* (Edema Reducing Paste):
Apple Snail (Tian Luo), Garlic (Da Suan), *Plantago Seed* (Che Qian Zi).
Grind the three ingredients together into a paste. Form into large cakes and apply over the umbilicus. Water exits via urine, curing within several days. (*Qunshu Chaofang* citing Qiu Yuan's *Baishi*)
**Osmotic and Draining Formulas:**
For edema entering the abdomen, suffering from distension and urgency, affecting diet: Use a carp weighing five jin. Decoct in two dou of water until one and a half dou remains. Remove fish. Add *Phytolacca Acinosa Root* (Ze Qi) five liang, *Poria* (Fu Ling) three liang, cut *Mulberry Root Bark* (Sang Gen Bai Pi) three sheng, *Alisma Rhizome* (Ze Xie) five liang. Decoct again until four sheng remain. Divide into four doses. Once urination becomes smooth, swelling gradually subsides. (*Zhouhou Beiji Fang*)
For simple edema only: *Cuscuta Seed* (Tu Si Zi) one sheng, soak in five sheng of wine for two to three nights. Take one sheng per dose, three times daily. Cured. (Same source)
If only the abdomen is enlarged, with splashing sound upon movement, and dark skin, it is called "water gu" (ascites). Take a large bunch of *Imperata Rhizome* (Bai Mao Gen) and three sheng of *Adzuki Beans*. Decoct until dry. Remove roots, eat the beans. Water follows urine out. (Same source)
*Shenshi* treatment for acute wind-water edema, or water from sores, generalized swelling: *Xiangru Shu Wan* (Elsholtzia and Atractylodes Pills).
*Dried Elsholtzia* (Gan Xiang Ru) (one jin), *Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome* (Bai Zhu) (seven liang).
Grind *Atractylodes*, sieve it. Decoct *Elsholtzia* strongly to extract juice. Mix with *Atractylodes* powder to form pills. Take ten pills (size of wutong seeds) with water, four to five times day and night. Promotes urination excellently. Using flowers and leaves in summer is also good. (*Waitai Miyao*)
*Cui Shi* treatment for water disease with severe edema, bloating, and indigestion: *Dried Elsholtzia* (Gan Xiang Ru) fifty jin. Finely chop the herb, place in a pot, cover with water several inches above the herb. Decoct until the aroma is fully exhausted (as noted in *Bencao*, meaning the medicinal power is fully released). Clarify the liquid. Slowly reduce with fire until pillable. Take five pills (size of wutong seeds) three times daily. Gradually increase dosage until urination is smooth. No dietary restrictions. Same as *Jingxin Lu*. (Same source) (Note: *Bencao Tujing* cites Hu Qia's formula identical to Cui Shi's. *Bencao Gangmu* states: Its efficacy in treating water diseases is indeed miraculous. *Yizong Cuiyan* states: One formula uses Elsholtzia, very effective for edema, having a thorough upper-to-lower action; when the Lung receives it, clear transformation occurs and water descends naturally.)
*Weiling Wan* (Stomach-Calm Pill) for edema.
*Pingwei San* (Calm the Stomach Powder), *Wuling San* (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria).
Take one packet of each. Steam garlic until cooked. Make pills from the two powders (fifty pills). Swallow with *Akebia Stem* (Mutong) decoction. (*Zhu Shi Jiyian Fang*)
*Fangmai Zhengzong* treats various dampness-induced swellings, phlegm-bloating, and water-bloating. Adding *Inula Flower* (Xuan Fuhua) to *Wuling San* is best. For excess qi, add *Descurainia Seed* (Ting Li Zi) one to two qian. (*Bencao Huiyan*)
*Tongling San* (Unblocking Poria Powder) for edema and fullness, dry mouth and throat, extremely scanty urination.
*Polyporus* (Zhu Ling, remove skin), *Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome* (Bai Zhu, remove rhizome), *Alisma Rhizome* (Ze Xie, remove hairs), *Red Poria* (Chi Fu Ling, remove skin), *Plantago Seed* (Che Qian Zi), *Akebia Stem* (Mu Tong), *Artemisia Capillaris* (Yin Chen), *Persicaria* (Qu Mai).
Chop into coarse powder. Each dose four qian, decoct with one and a half cups of water, *Centella Herb* (Deng Xin), and *Ophiopogon Tuber* (Maidong). (*De Xiao Fang*)
*Donggua Wan* (Winter Melon Pill) for ten types of water qi, edema, panting, and fullness.
One large winter melon. Cut off the top as a lid. Remove inner pulp. Rinse with *Adzuki Bean* water, fill the cavity with adzuki beans. Replace lid, secure with bamboo skewers and hemp thread. Seal with paper mud. Dry in a cellar. Place two large baskets of rice bran around the melon. Roast with fire until bran is consumed. Remove mud, clean melon, slice thinly. Dry together with beans.
Grind into fine powder. Make pills with water-boiled flour paste, size of wutong seeds. Take fifty pills, send down with decoction of winter melon seeds, at any time. Effective sign is smooth urination. (*Yang Shi Jiacang Fang*)
Formula for edema with generalized swelling, unable to sit or lie down:
*Lanxiang* (Three sheng). Decoct in four sheng of water until two sheng remain. Divide into three doses. (*Beiyu Baiyao Fang*) (Note: *Bencao* white text says: *Lancao* (Sweet Flag), pungent and neutral, primarily promotes water pathways.)
*Cui Shi* treatment for body swelling due to water disease:
One large carp (remove head, tail, bones, keep only meat).
Decoct the meat in two dou of water with one sheng of *Adzuki Beans*. Extract more than two sheng of juice. Strain through raw cloth. Take all at once. If unable to finish, divide into two doses. Warm the second dose. After taking, diarrhea occurs; cure when diarrhea ceases. (*Waitai Miyao*)
*Qianjin Fang* treats Large Intestine water, alternating deficiency and excess, moving up and down. Add *Mulberry Root Bark* (Sang Bai Pi) and *Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome* (Bai Zhu) to the above formula. Decoct until fish is rotten. Remove fish, eat flesh completely, and drink juice slowly. Do not use salt for fish.
*Shenghui Fang* treats edema, promotes urination, Carp Porridge Formula. Add *Phytolacca Root* (Shang Lu) and *Perilla Stem and Leaf* (Zi Su Jing Ye) to the above formula. Decoct until fish is cooked. Eat on an empty stomach. Add green onion white, fresh ginger, tangerine peel, and a little vinegar to the juice to make a soup. The beans should also be eaten. (Note: *Qianjin* and *Waitai* have more carp formulas, worth investigating.)
*Wupo San* (Black Carp Powder) for blood-level swelling, scanty and difficult urination, generalized edema of face, eyes, and limbs.
One black carp (approx. one jin), *Amber* (Hu Po, genuine) (six qian), *Amomum Fruit* (Sha Ren) (one liang).
Use two bamboo strips to remove intestines from the gills of the fish. Stuff abdomen with amber and amomum. Coat thickly with yellow mud. Roast around fire until smoke nearly stops. Remove fire, let cool, knock off mud. Grind medicine into powder. Take one and a half qian, mixed with *Costus Root* (Mu Xiang) decoction. (*Yi Ji*)
**Qi-Regulating Formulas:**
For panting and swollen hands/feet, *Wu Ai Wan* (No-Harm Pill).
*Betel Nut* (Da Fu Pi, roasted) (two liang), *Curcuma Zedoaria Rhizome* (Peng E Zhu), *Spikenard Rhizome* (San Leng) (both wrapped in wet paper and roasted until cooked, one liang each), *Costus Root* (Mu Xiang, wrapped in flour and roasted until cooked, half liang), *Areca Seed* (Bing Lang, raw) (one fen).
Grind into powder. Stir-fry wheat, grind to powder, make paste. Form pills size of wutong seeds. Take twenty to thirty pills, send down with fresh ginger decoction. (*Su Shen Liang Fang*)
*Sanyin Fang* treats spleen qi horizontal leakage, swollen limbs, abdominal fullness, panting unable to lie down.
*Sui Xiang Wan* (Aquilaria Incense Pill), Qi Xian treats internal reversal of pathogenic qi, qi stagnation causing edema. Use this to promote qi and drain water.
*Tangerine Peel* (Ju Hong, remove white pith) (one liang), *Costus Root* (Mu Xiang), *Green Costus Root* (Qing Mu Xiang), *Aquilaria Wood* (Chen Xiang), *Areca Seed* (Bing Lang), *Gleditsia Spine* (Zao Jiao), *Kansui Root* (Gan Sui), *Frankincense* (Ru Xiang), *Myrrh* (Mo Yao) (each three qian), *Ginseng* (Ren Shen) (one qian).
Make pills with vinegar paste, size of wutong seeds. Send down with boiled wine, starting with eight fen, gradually reducing dosage. (*Da Huan Dan*)
**Combined Osmotic and Qi-Regulating Formulas:**
For water qi, generalized edema, tight/hard chest and heart, qi fullness with panting, obstructed urination and defecation.
*Mulberry Root Bark* (Sang Gen Bai Pi, chopped) (three liang), *Adzuki Bean* (Chi Xiao Dou, one sheng cooked in five sheng water, extract two sheng juice), *Apricot Kernel* (Yu Li Ren, soaked in water, remove skin, lightly stir-fried) (three liang), *Tangerine Peel* (Chen Ju Pi, soaked in water, remove white pith, dried) (two liang), *Perilla Leaf* (Zi Su Ye) (two liang), *Imperata Rhizome* (Bai Mao Gen, chopped) (three liang).
Grind and sieve into powder. Each dose five qian, decoct in one large cup of bean juice until five-tenths volume remains. Strain and take warm, three times daily. (*Taiping Shenghui Fang*) (Note: This formula originally comes from *Waitai Miyao* citing *Gujin Luyan* for sudden chest fullness, but does not use bean juice. Thus recorded here from *Shenghui Fang*. *Waitai* also cites Wen Zhong's formula for qi combined with water facial edema, removing Perilla and Imperata, adding Sargassum and Poria. Refer to that.)
For deficiency consumption with swollen limbs, rapid panting, dysuria, restlessness: *Han Fang Ji San* (Stephania Powder).
*Stephania Tetrandra Root* (Han Fang Ji) (3 fen), *Polyporus* (Zhu Ling) (3 fen), *Tangerine Peel* (Chen Ju Pi, soaked, remove pith, dried) (2 liang), *Clam Shell* (Hai Ge) (1 liang), *Red Poria* (Chi Fu Ling) (3 fen), *Mulberry Root Bark* (Sang Gen Bai Pi) (3 fen), *Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome* (Bai Zhu) (half liang), *Costus Root* (Mu Xiang) (half liang), *Areca Seed* (Bing Lang) (1 liang), *Perilla Stem and Leaf* (Zi Su Jing Ye) (1 liang), *Akebia Stem* (Mu Tong, chopped) (1 liang).
Grind into coarse powder. Each dose three qian, decoct in one cup of water with half a piece of fresh ginger until six-tenths volume remains. Strain and take warm, at any time. (Same source)
*Shengji Zonglu* treats limb edema after dysentery.
*Wu Pi San* (Five-Peel Powder) for sudden onset of edema and panting in head, face, and limbs.
*Red Poria Skin* (Chi Fu Ling Pi), *Betel Nut* (Da Fu Pi), *Mulberry Root Bark* (Sang Bai Pi), *Tangerine Peel* (Ju Pi), *Fresh Ginger Skin* (Sheng Jiang Pi) (equal parts).
Grind into powder. Each dose one large qian, mixed with decoction of Perilla leaf. Decoction is also acceptable. Two doses daily. (*Chuanjia Mibao*)
*Zhongzang Jing* extensively treats spleen and stomach stagnation in men and women, swelling of head, eyes, limbs, abdominal fullness, rapid breathing, chest oppression, phlegm-phlegm congestion, inability to eat, running qi sensation, resembling water disease. Taking this medicine first can regulate spleen qi and reduce deficiency swelling. Do not indiscriminately use purgative water-draining medicines to avoid damaging spleen yuan and worsening the condition. This medicine is mild, non-toxic, safe for long-term use. Coarsely powder the base formula. Each dose three qian, decoct in one and a half cups of water until eight-tenths remains. Strain and take warm, at any time.
*Sanyin Fang* treats pi-shui (skin water), swelling of limbs, head, and face, pitting on pressure, no aversion to wind, abdomen unchanged, no panting/thirst, floating pulse. Same base formula. Recent practitioners grind *Costus Root* (Mu Xiang) and decoct together, which is also excellent (Note: Grinding one mouthful of Mu Xiang and decocting together is also seen in *Funren Liangfang* citing *Zhimifang*).
*Quanying Fanglun*: Perilla leaf and Wu Pi San, half cup water, decoct to three-tenths, strain, take anytime.
*Heji Jufang* Wu Pi San main indications slightly differ from *Zhongzang Jing*; removes *Mulberry Root Bark* and *Tangerine Peel*, adds *Acanthopanax Bark* (Wujia Pi) and *Dogwood Bark* (Digupi). (*Shizheng Fang* Chen Shide formula uses original saying: adding Wujia Pi is also acceptable, aiming to drain edema via urine.)
*Jifeng Puji Fang* Baizhu San: If a person has prolonged diarrhea, suddenly develops swelling of body, calves, face, with rapid urination, pulse large and deficient. This is due to spleen-lung deficiency. Lung deficiency fails to moisten qi; spleen deficiency leads to loose muscles, qi has no return. Remove *Mulberry Root Bark* from base formula, add *Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome* (Baizhu).
*Daniao Fang* states: In my youth, I suffered slight abdominal and facial swelling, internal distension, and rapid breathing. Taking the apothecary's Wu Pi Yin was ineffective. I asked my uncle for advice. He said: The *Jufang* Wu Pi Yin contains Digupi and Wujia Pi, which is incorrect; it should follow *Zhongzang Jing*, using Chenpi and Sangbaipi, which benefits spleen and lung. Following this, cured in three doses. Later saved many people with this. Most notably, in Jiwei year, in Qingjiang Market, I saw an old woman with severe head/limb edema, panting, abdominal distension, restlessness. I wrote her Wu Pi Yin prescription. Ten days later she returned healthy. I forgot giving the prescription, but saw her family looking ashamed, saying illness resolved spontaneously. I advised recuperation methods. Suddenly saw a basket of herbal dregs, recognized as Wu Pi Yin residue. Realized efficacy came from this formula. She thought I sought reward, so falsely claimed self-healing. In Jiazi year, fifth year, a magistrate's daughter had similar symptoms, but pulse was fine and deep. Used Wu Pi Yin plus *Pericarpium Arecae* (Fuzi Pi) and *Fuyuan Dan*, also effective. In Wuchen year, passing Fengchuan, Scholar Ou had swelling with deep fine pulse, also quick effect with Wu Pi Yin plus Fuzi Pi. Half a year later, another person had abdominal swelling and urinary discomfort, previously suffering from white turbid urine and frequent stool, now blocked and accumulated. Treated with Wu Pi Yin plus *Polyporus Skin* (Zhuling Pi), also effective. Thus knowing this medicine should not be neglected. However, *Sanyin Fang* method of grinding Mu Xiang and decocting failed, which is puzzling.
*Fuling Tang* (Poria Decoction) for spleen qi deficiency, swollen hands/feet, difficult urination, rapid breathing and fullness.
*Red Poria* (Chi Fu Ling, remove skin), *Alisma Rhizome* (Ze Xie), *Cyperi Rhizome* (Xiang Fu Zi, remove hairs), *Tangerine Peel* (Ju Hong), *Betel Nut* (Da Fu Pi), *Dried Fresh Ginger* (Gan Sheng Jiang), *Mulberry Root Bark* (Sang Bai Pi, finely chopped and stir-fried) (seven ingredients equal parts).
Chop. Each dose five qian, decoct in one and a half cups of water until seven-tenths remains. Strain and take warm, at any time. (*Yang Shi Jiacang Fang*)
*Muxiang Fenqi Tang* (Costus Qi-Separating Decoction) for qi stagnation, swollen limbs, abdominal urgency/fullness, chest/hypochondriac distension, rising deficient qi, foul-smelling urine, mental cloudiness.
*Costus Root* (Mu Xiang) (one liang), *Red Poria* (Chi Fu Ling) (one liang), *Alisma Rhizome* (Ze Xie) (half liang), *Polyporus* (Mu Zhu Ling, remove skin) (3 fen), *Pinellia Tuber* (Ban Xia, washed seven times, soaked in fresh ginger juice for three nights, stir-fried) (half liang), *Bitter Orange* (Zhi Ke, remove seeds and bran, stir-fried) (half liang), *Perilla Seed* (Zi Su Zi, stir-fried) (half liang), *Areca Seed* (Bing Lang, stir-fried) (half liang).
Coarse infusion. Each dose three qian, decoct with one and a half cups of water and twenty stalks of *Centella Herb* (Dengxin) (five cun long) until eight-tenths remains. Strain, add half zi of *Musk* (Shexiang), mix well. Take before meals. (*Ye Shi Jingyan Fang*) (*Jinzhai Yiyao* omits Musk.)
*Jiajian Wuling San* (Modified Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) for edema.
*Polyporus* (Mu Zhu Ling), *White Poria* (Bai Fu Ling), *Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome* (Bai Zhu), *Cinnamon Twig* (Ban Gui) (each seven qian), *Alisma Rhizome* (Ze Xie) (one liang), *Southern Costus Root* (Nan Mu Xiang), *Cloves* (Ding Xiang), *Aquilaria Wood* (Chen Xiang), *Areca Seed* (Bing Lang) (each seven qian), *White Cardamom* (Bai Dou Kou) (three and a half qian).
Fine powder. Each dose one and a half qian, decoct with *White Zhangliu* (Bai Zhangliu) decoction, take on empty stomach. To drain water, add half qian of *Kansui Root* (Gan Sui) to medicine. After three to five loose stools, stop with harmonizing qi medicine. (*Zhu Shi Jiyian Fang*)
*Xianglu Weiling Wan* (Cardamom-Ludwigia Stomach-Calm Pill) for chronic edema not healing. This medicine strongly strengthens spleen and guides water. Multiple doses yield results.
*Clove* (Ding Xiang, remove stem), *Phytolacca Root* (Shang Lu), *Adzuki Bean* (Chi Xiao Dou), *Tangerine Peel* (Chen Pi, remove white pith), *Licorice Root* (Gan Cao, roasted) (five flavors each two liang), *Atractylodes Rhizome* (Cang Zhu, prepared as before) (three liang), *Alisma Rhizome* (Ze Xie, remove rough skin) (two and a half liang), *Red Poria* (Chi Fu Ling, remove skin), *Polyporus* (Zhu Ling, remove skin), *Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome* (Bai Zhu) (three flavors each one and a half liang), *Cinnamon Bark* (Rou Gui, remove rough skin) (one liang), *Magnolia Bark* (Nong Po, prepared same as above) (one liang).
Except Clove and Cinnamon (do not over-roast), chop and roast other herbs. Mix with previous two into powder. Lightly stir-fry flour, soak in water, boil into paste. Make pills size of mung beans. Take thirty to seventy pills, warm water on empty stomach. For children, make pills size of millet shell, swallow. (*Huoyou Xinshu*)
*Da Jupi Tang* (Large Tangerine Peel Decoction) for severe internal damp-heat, abdominal fullness, edema, dysuria, loose stools.
*Tangerine Peel* (Ju Pi, remove white pith) (one and a half liang), *Costus Root* (Mu Xiang) (one fen), *Talcum* (Hua Shi) (six liang), *Areca Seed* (Bing Lang) (three qian), *Poria* (Fu Ling, remove skin) (one liang), *Polyporus* (Mu Zhu Ling, remove skin), *Alisma Rhizome* (Ze Xie), *Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome* (Bai Zhu), *Official Cinnamon* (Guan Gui) (each half liang), *Licorice Root* (Gan Cao) (two qian).
Powder. Each dose five qian, decoct with one cup of water and five slices of fresh ginger until six-tenths remains. Strain and take warm. (*Xuanming Lunfang*) (Note: Derived from Wuling San. e.g., *Baojian* Fuling Hupo Tang adds Amber, Talcum, Licorice to Wuling San, treating damp-heat accumulation and bladder orifice obstruction, recorded under Lin Disease, refer to it.)
*Daozhi Tongjing Tang* (Guiding Stasis Unblocking Meridian Decoction) for spleen dampness excess and qi stagnation, swollen face/eyes/hands/feet.
*Costus Root* (Mu Xiang), *Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome* (Bai Zhu), *Mulberry Root Bark* (Sang Bai Pi), *Tangerine Peel* (Chen Pi) (each five qian), *Poria* (Fu Ling, remove skin) (one liang).
Chop. Each dose five qian, decoct in two cups of water until one cup remains. Strain and take warm, on empty stomach/before meals. (*Weisheng Baojian*)
Also *Shenmi Tang*: Treats patient unable to lie down, panting when lying, water qi counterflow attacking lung, lung floats upon receiving water, qi flow obstructed, deep large pulse. Remove *Atractylodes* (Baizhu) from base formula, add *Perilla Leaf* (Zi Su Ye), *Ginseng* (Ren Shen), *Fresh Ginger* (Sheng Jiang).
*Daoshui Fuling Tang* (Guiding Water Poria Decoction) for edema, generalized swelling of head/face/limbs, like rotting melon, pitting on pressure, rebounding quickly, panting/fullness leaning on support, unable to turn side.