加味六君子汤，治一切脾胃虚弱泄泻之证，于本方去诃子，加黄 、山药、砂仁、浓朴。
真人养脏汤，治冷热不调，泄泻，里急后重。（《直指》）
久泄谷道不合，或脱肛，乃元气下陷，大肠不行收合而然，补中益气加诃子、肉果、五味、乌梅肉为丸。
（《医通》）
泻久不止，大孔如竹筒，直出无禁者，气将脱也，诃子散。
木香（五钱） 甘草（炙） 黄连（各三钱） 诃子（一两半生半熟）
末之，煎芍药白术汤，调服一钱。（《明医指掌》）（按∶更有温中固涩，如六柱散、八柱散，既见上。）
治肾泄，五味子散。
五味子（二两拣） 吴茱萸（半两细粒绿色者）
上二味同炒，香熟为度，细末，每服二钱，陈米饮下。顷年有一亲识，每五更初欲晓时，必溏痢一次，如是
数月。有人云∶此名肾泄，肾感阴气而然。得此方服之而愈。（《本事》）
治脾肾俱虚，泄泻不食，二神丸。（原文作治脾肾虚弱，全不进食，今从《直指》。）
破故纸（四两炒香） 肉豆蔻（二两生）
上为细末，用大肥枣四十九个，生姜四两切片，同煮枣烂，去姜取枣，剥去皮核，用肉研为膏，和杵丸如梧
子大，每服三十丸，盐汤下。（同上）（《直指》不用姜。）《济生续方》枣肉丸，于本方加木香（不用姜）。
《澹寮》四神丸，于本方加木香、茴香。《内科摘要》四神丸，于本方加五味子、吴茱萸。（《续焰》曰∶即二
神丸、五味子散合丸。）
胃关煎，治脾肾虚寒作泻，或甚至久泻，腹痛不止，冷痢等证。
熟地（三、五钱或一两） 山药（炒二钱） 白扁豆（炒二钱） 炙甘草（一、二钱） 焦干姜（一、二、
三钱） 吴茱萸（制五、七分） 白术（炒一、二、三钱）
水二钟，煎七分，食远温服。气虚势甚者，加人参，随宜用。阳虚下脱不固者，加制附子一、二、三钱。
（《景岳》）
艾黄熨法，治泻脱，困乏危笃。
蓖麻（七个去壳研如泥） 熟艾（半两） 硫黄（末二钱）
上拌匀，于脐上先铺纸，付药在上，更用纸铺衬稍浓，用熨斗适温凉熨之，不可令熨斗甚热，以脐内响为
度。（《小儿卫生总微论》）
或水泻不止，以大蒜捣烂，贴脐下并脚心，立止。（《琐碎录》）
回阳方法 予尝治数人，在下则泄泻不止，在上则吐痰不已者皆死，盖气脱无所管摄故也。若用参
术膏救之，早者十活二三。（《医纲》）
大泻如倾，元气渐脱者，宜速用四味回阳饮或六味回阳饮主之。凡暴泻如此者，无不即效。若久泻至此，犹
恐无及。盖五夺之中，惟泻最急，是不可见之不早也。倘药未及效，仍宜速灸气海，以挽回下焦之阳气，仍须
多服人参膏。（《景岳》）
荡实方法（消积方附）下痢而腹痛满为寒实，当下之。下利腹中坚者，当下之。（《脉经》）
夫泄泻却用大黄者，乃通因通用也，非大实热，勿轻用之。（《三因》）
治痼冷在肠胃间，连年腹痛泄泻，休作无时，服诸热药不效，宜先取去，然后调治易瘥，不可畏虚以养病也，
宜温脾汤。
浓朴（去粗皮姜制） 干姜（炮） 甘草 桂心（去皮不见火） 附子（生去皮脐各半两） 大黄（生四钱
碎切，汤一盏渍半日，搦去滓，煎汤时和滓下。）
上细锉，水二升半，煎八合，后下大黄汁，再煎六合去滓，澄去脚，不要晚食，分三服温服，自夜至晓令尽。
不快，食前更以干姜丸佐之。（《本事》）
干姜丸。
干姜（炮） 巴豆（去心炒黄研） 大黄（湿纸裹甑上蒸） 人参（各一钱去芦）
上除巴豆，余为末，同研，炼蜜丸如梧子大，服前汤时，用汤吞下一丸，米饮亦得。（同上）（《圣济》治
水泻不止，黑神丸，出《滞下》针头丸下。）
三棱散，酒食伤积用此。
京三棱（炮） 蓬莪术（炮） 益智仁 甘草（炙） 青皮（去白各二两） 白茯苓（四两）
上末，每二钱，少盐煎，吞感应丸，治伤食泄泻。（《直指》）
灸法 熙宁四年，予亲老在邵阳，忽患水泻，百药无效，遂灸天枢二穴立止，故述之（《神巧》）
大便不禁，病亦 矣，神阙、石门、丹田、屈骨端等，皆是穴处，宜速灸之。泄泻，宜先灸脐中，次灸关元
等穴。（《资生经》）
凡治湿，皆以利小便为主。诸泄不已，宜灸水分穴，谓水谷之所别也，脐之上一寸半，灸五、七壮，腹鸣如
雷，水道行之候也。（《撮要图》）
邻郡一富翁，病泄泻弥年，礼致子浓（按∶子浓黄姓）诊疗，浃旬莫效。子浓曰，予未得其说，求归。一日
读《易》至天行健，朱子有曰∶天之气运转不息，故阁得地在中间，如人弄碗珠，只运动不住，故在空中不坠，
少有息则坠矣。因悟向者富翁之病，乃气不能举为下脱也。又作字，持水滴吸水，初以大指按滴上窍，则水满筒。
放其按，则水下溜无余。乃豁然悟曰∶吾可治翁证矣。即治装往，翁家惊喜，至即为治艾，灸百会穴，未三、四
十壮，泄泻止矣。生自少识之，后在邺，胡元望女生始六月，亦病泄泻不已，因教以前法，灸即愈。（《撄宁生
传》）（灸大椎，出前溢饮滑泄。）
灸法∶百会（治久泻下陷脱滑者，灸三壮）、脾俞（治泄泻，灸三壮）、中脘（灸七壮）、关元（治泄不
止，可灸七壮）、肾俞（可灸五壮，治洞泻不止）、大肠俞（可灸三壮，治肠鸣腹胀暴泻）、天枢、气海。（《医
统》）
Jiawei Liujunzi Decoction (Modified Six Gentlemen Decoction) treats all syndromes of diarrhea caused by Spleen and Stomach deficiency. In the base formula, remove Terminalia Chebula Fruit (Hezi), and add Polygonatum Odoratum Rhizome (Huangjing), Dioscorea Opposita Tuber (Shanyao), Amomum Villosum Seed (Sharen), and Magnolia Officinalis Bark (Houpo).
Zhenren Yangzang Tang (True Man Nourish the Viscera Decoction) treats diarrhea accompanied by tenesmus (里急后重), caused by imbalance of cold and heat. (From *Zhizhi Fang*)
Prolonged diarrhea leading to laxity of the anus or rectal prolapse is due to the sinking of Yuan Qi (Primordial Qi), causing the Large Intestine to lose its function of contraction and retention. Use Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) added with Terminalia Chebula Fruit (Hezi), Myristica Fragrans Seed (Rouguo), Schisandra Chinensis Fruit (Wuweizi), and Meat of Mume Fruit (Wumei Rou) to make pills. (From *Yitong*)
When diarrhea persists for a long time without stopping, and the anus opens like a bamboo tube, allowing stool to flow out uncontrollably, this indicates that Qi is about to collapse. Use Hezi San (Terminalia Powder).
Ingredients: Aquilaria Sinensis Wood (Muxiang, 5 qian), Licorice Root (Gancao, roasted), Coptis Chinensis Rhizome (Huanglian, each 3 qian), Terminalia Chebula Fruit (Hezi, 1.5 liang, half raw and half cooked).
Grind into fine powder. Take 1 qian, mixed with decoction of Paeonia Lactiflora Root and Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Shaoyao Baizhu Tang). (From *Mingyi Zhizhang*) (Note: There are also warming and astringent formulas such as Liuzhu San and Bazhu San, mentioned above.)
To treat Kidney Diarrhea (Shenxie), use Wuweizi San (Schisandra Powder).
Ingredients: Schisandra Chinensis Fruit (Wuweizi, 2 liang, selected), Evodia Rutaecarpa Fruit (Wuzhuyu, 0.5 liang, small green grains).
Stir-fry these two ingredients together until fragrant. Grind into fine powder. Take 2 qian each time, washed down with aged rice water. Recently, an acquaintance suffered from loose stools once every day at dawn (around 5-7 AM) for several months. Someone said: This is called Kidney Diarrhea, caused by the Kidney contracting Yin pathogenic factors. After taking this prescription, he recovered. (From *Benshi Fang*)
To treat simultaneous deficiency of Spleen and Kidney, characterized by diarrhea and inability to eat, use Ershen Wan (Two Spirits Pill). (Original text says "treats Spleen and Kidney weakness, complete loss of appetite"; here corrected according to *Zhizhi Fang*).
Ingredients: Psoralea Corylifolia Fruit (Po Gu Zhi, 4 liang, stir-fried until fragrant), Myristica Fragrans Seed (Roudoukou, 2 liang, raw).
Grind into fine powder. Use 49 large fat dates and 4 liang of sliced fresh ginger. Boil the dates with ginger until soft. Remove the ginger, take the dates, peel them, remove pits, and mash the flesh into a paste. Mix with the powder and knead into pills the size of mulberry seeds. Take 30 pills each time, washed down with salt water. (Same source) (*Zhizhi Fang* does not use ginger). The Zaorou Wan in *Jisheng Xufang* adds Aquilaria Sinensis Wood (Muxiang) to this formula (no ginger). The Sishen Wan in *Danliao* adds Aquilaria Sinensis Wood (Muxiang) and Fennel (Huixiang) to this formula. The Sishen Wan in *Neike Yaoyuan* adds Schisandra Chinensis Fruit (Wuweizi) and Evodia Rutaecarpa Fruit (Wuzhuyu) to this formula. (*Xuyan* states: This is a combination pill of Ershen Wan and Wuweizi San.)
Weiguan Jian (Stomach Gate Decoction) treats diarrhea caused by Spleen and Kidney deficiency-cold, or even prolonged diarrhea, unceasing abdominal pain, cold dysentery, etc.
Ingredients: Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shudi, 3-5 qian or 1 liang), Fried Chinese Yam (Shanyao, 2 qian), Fried White Hyacinth Bean (Baibian Dou, 2 qian), Roasted Licorice Root (Zhigancao, 1-2 qian), Charred Dried Ginger (Jiao Ganjiang, 1-3 qian), Processed Evodia Rutaecarpa Fruit (Wuzhuyu, 5-7 fen), Fried Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu, 1-3 qian).
Add 2 zhong of water, decoct to 0.7 zhong. Take warm after meals. For severe Qi deficiency, add Ginseng Root (Renshen) as appropriate. For Yang deficiency with sinking and lack of consolidation, add Processed Aconite Root (Zhi Fuzi, 1-3 qian). (From *Jingyue Quanshu*)
Ai Huang Yun Fa (Moxa and Sulfur Hot Compress Method) treats diarrhea leading to Yang collapse, with extreme fatigue and critical condition.
Ingredients: Castor Seed (Bimazi, 7 seeds, shelled and mashed into paste), Prepared Mugwort Wool (Shuai Ai, 0.5 liang), Sulfur (Liu Huang, powder, 2 qian).
Mix well. Place a layer of paper on the umbilicus first, apply the medicine on top, then cover with another thicker layer of paper. Use a hot iron to compress at a moderate temperature. Do not let the iron be too hot. Stop when a sound is heard inside the umbilicus. (From *Xiao'er Weisheng Zongwei Lun*)
If watery diarrhea persists, crush garlic and apply it to the lower abdomen (below the umbilicus) and the soles of the feet; it will stop immediately. (From *Suosui Lu*)
Methods to Restore Yang I once treated several patients who died because they had unceasing diarrhea below and incessant vomiting of phlegm above. This was because Qi collapsed and lost its controlling function. If Shen Zhu Gao (Ginseng and Atractylodes Paste) is used early for rescue, 2 or 3 out of 10 may survive. (From *Yigang*)
For profuse diarrhea like pouring water, where Yuan Qi (Primordial Qi) is gradually collapsing, one should quickly use Siwei Huiyang Yin (Four Ingredients Decoction to Return Yang) or Liuwei Huiyang Yin (Six Ingredients Decoction to Return Yang) as the main treatment. For acute diarrhea of this severity, there is no case that does not respond immediately. However, if prolonged diarrhea reaches this stage, it may be too late. Among the Five Exhaustions (Wu Duo), diarrhea is the most urgent; thus, early detection is crucial. If the medicine has not yet taken effect, one should quickly moxa Qihai (CV6) to salvage the Yang Qi of the Lower Jiao, and must continue to take large amounts of Ginseng Paste. (From *Jingyue Quanshu*)
Methods to Purge Excess (Attachment: Accumulation-Dissolving Formulas) Dysentery with abdominal pain and fullness indicates Cold Excess, which requires purgation. Diarrhea with hardness in the abdomen requires purgation. (From *Mai Jing*)
Using Rhubarb (Dahuang) to treat diarrhea applies the principle of "Treating Obstruction with Unblocking Agents" (Tong Yin Tong Yong). Do not use it lightly unless there is severe Excess-Heat. (From *Sanyin Fang*)
To treat stubborn cold lodged between the Stomach and Intestines, causing chronic abdominal pain and diarrhea with irregular onset, which does not respond to various hot medicines, one should first eliminate the pathogen, then regulate; do not fear deficiency and thereby nourish the disease. Use Wenpi Tang (Warm the Spleen Decoction).
Ingredients: Magnolia Officinalis Bark (Noupo, bark removed, processed with ginger juice), Dried Ginger (Ganjiang, roasted), Licorice Root (Gancao), Cinnamon Twig (Guixin, bark removed, not exposed to fire), Raw Aconite Root (Fuzi, bark and navel removed, 0.5 liang each), Raw Rhubarb (Dahuang, 4 qian, crushed, soaked in one cup of water for half a day, squeezed to remove dregs; add dregs back when decocting).
Finely chop the herbs. Add 2.5 sheng of water, decoct to 0.8 sheng. Then add the Rhubarb liquid, decoct again to 0.6 sheng, remove dregs, and clarify. Do not take with evening meal. Divide into three doses, take warm, finishing from night to morning. If relief is slow, take Ganjiang Wan (Dried Ginger Pill) before meals as an adjunct. (From *Benshi Fang*)
Ganjiang Wan (Dried Ginger Pill).
Ingredients: Dried Ginger (Ganjiang, roasted), Croton Seed (Badou, heart removed, fried yellow and ground), Rhubarb (Dahuang, wrapped in wet paper and steamed), Ginseng Root (Renshen, each 1 qian, rhizome removed).
Remove the Croton Seed. Grind the rest into powder and mix thoroughly. Make pills with refined honey, size of mulberry seeds. When taking the previous decoction, swallow one pill with the decoction; rice water can also be used. (Same source) (*Shengji Zonglu* Black Spirit Pill for unceasing watery diarrhea, found under Needle Head Pill in the Dysentery section.)
Sanleng San (Burreed Powder) is used for accumulation caused by injury from alcohol and food.
Ingredients: Burreed Rhizome (Jingsanleng, roasted), Curcuma Zedoaria Rhizome (Peng'ezhu, roasted), Alpinia Oxyphylla Fruit (Yizhiren), Licorice Root (Gancao, roasted), Tangerine Peel (Qingpi, white part removed, each 2 liang), Poria (Baifuling, 4 liang).
Grind into powder. Take 2 qian each time, decoct with a little salt. Swallow Yinggan Wan. Treats diarrhea caused by food injury. (From *Zhizhi Fang*)
Moxibustion Method In the fourth year of Xining, my father, living in Shaoyang, suddenly suffered from watery diarrhea. All medicines failed. So I moxified Tian Shu (ST25) twice, and it stopped immediately. Therefore, I record this. (From *Shenqiao Wanquan Fang*)
Incontinence of feces is a serious illness. Shenque (CV8), Shimen (CV5), Dantian (CV17), and Quguduan (CV31) are all suitable acupoints for moxibustion; moxicate them quickly. For diarrhea, first moxicate the center of the umbilicus (Shenque), then moxicate Guanyuan (CV4) and other points. (From *Zisheng Jing*)
Generally, treating dampness focuses on promoting urination. For any persistent diarrhea, moxicate Shuifen (RN9), as this is where water and grain separate. It is located 1.5 cun above the umbilicus. Moxa 5-7 cones. Abdominal borborygmus like thunder indicates the water passages are flowing. (From *Cuoyao Tu*)
A wealthy man in a neighboring prefecture suffered from diarrhea for a whole year. He respectfully invited Zi Nong (surname Huang) for treatment, but after ten days, there was no effect. Zi Nong said, "I have not grasped the cause; I request to return home." One day, while reading the *I Ching* regarding "Heaven's movement is vigorous," Zhu Xi's commentary stated: "The Qi of Heaven rotates ceaselessly, thus supporting the Earth in the middle, like a person playing with a bead in a bowl; only by constant motion does the bead stay suspended in the air without falling; if it stops slightly, it falls." He realized that the wealthy man's illness was due to Qi failing to lift, resulting in sinking/collapse. He then observed dripping water absorbing into a container: pressing the upper orifice with his thumb filled the tube; releasing it allowed the water to drain completely. He suddenly understood: "I can treat this old man's condition." He packed his bags and went. The family was surprised and delighted. Upon arrival, he applied moxibustion to Baihui (GV20). Before reaching 30-40 cones, the diarrhea stopped. I knew him since childhood. Later in Ye, Hu Yuanwang's daughter, just six months old, also suffered from unceasing diarrhea. I taught her parents this method, and she recovered after moxibustion. (From *Yingning Sheng Zhuan*) (Moxa Dazhui (GV14), see previous entry on Overflowing Fluids and Slippery Diarrhea.)
Moxibustion Methods: Baihui (GV20) treats prolonged diarrhea with Qi sinking and prolapse (moxa 3 cones); Pishu (BL20) treats diarrhea (moxa 3 cones); Zhongwan (CV12) (moxa 7 cones); Guanyuan (CV4) treats unceasing diarrhea (can moxa 7 cones); Shenshu (BL23) (can moxa 5 cones, treats洞泄 unceasing diarrhea); Dachangshu (BL25) (can moxa 3 cones, treats borborygmus, abdominal distension, and acute diarrhea); Tianshu (ST25); Qihai (CV6). (From *Yitong*)