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The term "dan" (fever-jaundice) refers to heat. It is sometimes written as "dan" (jaundice). Yellow disease must be formed by heat, hence it is called Huang Dan (Yellow Gallbladder/Jaundice). Since the *Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang* (Emergency Prescriptions Kept Up My Sleeve), the five types of jaundice—Huang Dan (Yellow Gallbladder/Jaundice), Gu Dan (Grain Jaundice), Jiu Dan (Wine Jaundice), Nv Lao Dan (Female Labor Jaundice), and Huang Han (Yellow Sweat)—have been referred to as the "Five Dans."

However, Huang Dan is actually a general term and does not denote a distinct syndrome with specific symptoms; Huang Han was classified by Zhang Zhongjing under Shui Qi (Water Qi/Edeema, diseases characterized primarily by edema), and later generations have not elaborated on it, so this classification is not adopted today. Generally speaking, jaundice caused by Shang Han (Cold Damage) has had its essentials extracted; the cases presented in this compilation mostly relate to internal injury diseases, while also covering exterior dampness syndromes.

Disease necessarily arises from Damp-Heat. When Dampness and Heat stagnate and steaming within the Spleen, the face, eyes, and limbs turn yellow; this is Dan (Jaundice). Although there are five names for Dan, while they differ, their manifestation as yellow is consistent. They share the same root, and none can cause disease without Heat and Dampness. Are there no differences in severity between Dampness and Heat? When Dampness prevails, the color is like smoked yellow, dull and dark; when Heat prevails, the color is like orange yellow, bright and clear. Because the Spleen governs the muscles, and the color of Earth is yellow, when Damp-Heat steams internally, whether severe or mild, it inevitably manifests externally. (*Zhi Zhi Fang*)

Treating Dan need not distinguish among the five types; all are Damp-Heat, similar to the fermentation process of making Qu (yeast starter). (*Dan Xi Xin Fa*)

Regarding Dan, although there are distinctions in treatment for Wine, Grain, Yellow Sweat, Starvation, and Female Labor types, the *Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun* (Master of Diseases' Catalogue of All Causes and Manifestations) discusses nothing more than the two characters: Damp-Heat. The ancients said: Grains and beans are like water and fire; one cannot live a day without them. Water and Fire refer to the Qi that ripens and digests food and drink in the body. When balanced, it is called Water and Fire; when imbalanced, it is called Damp-Heat. Illnesses arising from this may be due to damage to the Spleen and Stomach, causing the Clear Qi of the Middle Jiao to sink, leading to chaotic Turbid Qi and the spread of Damp-Heat. Or, drinking alcohol while hungry, drinking spring water when extremely thirsty, entering water after sweating, exposure to wind while drunk, cold wet clothes after exertion and sweating, blockage due to rain and dampness, overconsumption of greasy noodles and other Damp-Heat producing foods, sexual indulgence amidst internal heat, or improper care after illness. Damp-Heat wanders through the meridians, Qi fails to nourish and circulate properly, gradually accumulating in the skin, causing the body and face to turn yellow, urine and sweat turning yellow like camphor tree sap. This is like making Qu: mixing flour with water and sealing it to prevent gas escape, slowly turning yellow. Thus, human Huang Dan is also caused by Damp-Heat. (*Zhu Zheng Bian Yi*)

The syndrome of Huang Dan is entirely formed by Damp-Heat. If Dampness cannot dissipate, it stagnates and steams to generate Heat; if Heat cannot circulate freely, it consolidates to generate Dampness. Dampness becomes deeper with Heat, and Heat becomes fiercer with Dampness; the two assist and complete each other, worsening over time. However, investigating the origin of Damp-Heat, it invariably stems from excessive drunkenness and overeating, followed by sleeping late or lying down for long periods, or strenuous sexual activity. Or, bathing in water after drunkenness and overeating, where Cold Qi constricts and closes the Cou Li (pores/skin texture), preventing sweat excretion, causing Damp-Heat to interact and form this disease. Externally unable to sweat, internally unable to purge, the steaming and soaking infiltrate the skin, reaching up to the face and eyes, down to the dorsum of the feet, and mid-way to the arms. The front abdomen and back are like gold-plated, and urine is red like turmeric, just as pickling salt or soy sauce changes color due to Damp-Heat. (*Dan Tai Yu An*)

The Spleen transports and transforms fluids for the Stomach. If fluids circulate, urination is smooth, so why would yellowing occur? Only when Dampness generates from Heat, and Heat nourishes Dampness, creating a cycle of Damp-Heat, does stagnation and fullness result. Consequently, Stomach Qi secretly declines, and Spleen Qi becomes weak, unable to transport fluids for the Stomach. This leads to obstruction in the Upper Jiao, preventing sweating, and blockage in the Lower Wan (lower epigastrium), preventing urination. After prolonged steaming, Heat transforms into yellowing. (*Cang Sheng Si Ming*)

Regarding Huang Dan, the ancients often spoke of Damp-Heat and the five types of Dan, but these are insufficient to cover everything. One should know that the main categories of yellowing are four: Yang Huang (Yang Jaundice), Yin Huang (Yin Jaundice), Biao Xie Fa Huang (Exterior Pathogen Induced Yellowing), and Dan Huang (Gallbladder Jaundice). Understanding these four leaves no hidden meanings in Huang Dan. Dan Xi said: Dan need not be divided into five types; all are Damp-Heat, similar to making Qu. Can it really be said that all are like Qu and thus all are Damp-Heat? This is unreliable. (*Jing Yue Quan Shu*) [Note: This view is inappropriate. Perhaps some Huang Dan cases do not arise from Damp-Heat, but the typical syndrome certainly does, as evidenced by the first line of *Jin Gui Yao Lue*. As for atypical cases, there are Cold-Damp yellowing and Nv Lao Dan. Jing Yue summarizes with four types, but his so-called Yin Huang is actually Xu Huang (Deficiency Jaundice), which is neither Cold-Damp nor Nv Lao. He further lists Dan Huang, a rare syndrome, as one category. Thus, his theory is still insufficient. It is listed here merely to refute its errors.]

Disease caused by pathogenic stagnation: Chao Yuanfang's discussion on yellow disease is not comprehensive, yet many schools of *Shang Han Lun* follow it. The causes of yellowing are not singular; misapplication of purgatives or moxibustion/fire therapy can all cause yellowing, not just cold-heat or grain qi issues. Generally, Cold pathogens invading the body, if not expelled for a long time, transform into Heat Toxin. Borrowing the movement of Spring Wind, when the exterior is open for release, once activated, it cannot return. With Cou Li closed and no sweat produced, the pathogen remains stagnant inside, unable to disperse. The evil spreads, circulating through the blood vessels. In severe cases, the toxin clashes with blood, overwhelming it, causing coagulation. The blood may resemble pig liver or ink; this is blood defeated by pathogenic Qi. Without a way to vent the pathogen, blood dries up and death ensues. In milder cases, blood is driven upward and exits via epistaxis (nosebleed); if the pulse is choppy, the constrained slippery Qi drives it downward, exiting via urination. If it cannot clash with blood, nor open Cou Li to produce sweat, and cannot exit up or down, it scatters among the hair follicles, losing its residence and having nowhere to settle. Advancing or retreating is impossible, stagnating to become the color of extreme yellow, waiting for sweat and urine to clear the blockage. This toxin does not wish to stay out; it is like a person reaching a gate but finding no path. The physician clears the pathway and guides it; it will exit either as sweat or urine, and there is no reason it will not leave. However, since the toxin is within the Cou Li, contending with Healthy Qi, and the pathogen and healthy Qi obstruct each other, pores cannot open, so sweat cannot be produced. It must exit through opening orifices and promoting urination. This is why toxins trapped inside that cannot exit inevitably form Huang (Jaundice) and Blood syndromes. Although severity and location differ, the principle is the same. Is there a case where it can be released by sweating? Answer: If the pulse is very floating, the exterior is loose, and it can be released by sweating. (*Shang Han Bu Wang Lun*)

Outside the Five Dans, there are seasonal epidemic malaria, wind-cold, summer-heat, and dampness syndromes that differ from Dan. (*San Yin Fang*)

Pulse Diagnosis (See also next item, Blood Stasis Jaundice, and Life/Death Decisions.) When Damp-Heat stagnates and Dan forms, the pulse is Hong (Surging) and Da (Large), not Xian (Wiry), but soft and long. Promote urination. (*Shi Zai Zhi Fang*)

For Dan, a Huan (Slow) and Da (Large) pulse is favorable (Shun); a Xian (Wiry), Ji (Rapid/Tight), and Jian (Firm) pulse is unfavorable (Ni). (*Zhi Zhi Fang*)

For the Five Dans with Excess-Heat, the pulse must be Hong (Surging) and Shuo (Rapid). If it is Wei (Fine) and Se (Choppy), the syndrome belongs to Deficiency. (*Cui Shi Mai Jue*)

General Discussion of Exterior and Interior Syndromes: Patients with yellow disease suffer from whole-body pain, fever, and a piercing yellow complexion. After seven or eight days, intense heat resides inside with blood stasis; purgation is indicated, using a method similar to Da Huang Xiao Shi Tang (Rhubarb and Alumen Pill). The patient feels urgency in the lower abdomen. If the eyes are sore and painful, nasal bones hurt, both shoulders and neck are stiff, and the lower back is tight, it is yellow disease. Bowel movements are often difficult. As long as urination is smooth, death need not be feared. There is no need for frequent bowel movements; too many lead to abdominal distension and discomfort (*Sheng Hui Fang* states: no need for difficult bowel movements; difficulty leads to abdominal distension). *Cun* (Existence/Comfort) is written as *Hao* (Good) in *Wai Tai Mi Yao* and *An* (Peaceful) in *Sheng Hui Fang*. This is due to Cold-Damp on the exterior (*Huo Ren Shu* says interior), causing Heat to accumulate in the Spleen and Stomach. Cou Li closes, Stagnant Heat clashes with retained food, causing vexation and stagnation that cannot resolve, leading to obstruction of both urination and defecation. Thus, the body and face turn yellow. (*Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun*)

The disease of Huang Dan arises from excessive wine and food, disharmony of the Fu and Zang organs, mixing of water and grain accumulating in the Spleen and Stomach, combined with Wind-Damp clashing. Stagnation and knotting do not disperse, Heat steams and stagnates, causing hunger shortly after eating. The body, face, nails, and urine turn completely yellow, and the patient desires to lie quietly. If the body shows much blue, red, black, or mixed colors, accompanied by alternating chills and fever, body pain, slightly yellow complexion, yellow dental plaque, and yellow nails, it is Huang Dan. (Same source) [Note: From "slightly yellow complexion" onwards, originally from *Mai Jing*.]

Wind-Yellow Syndrome: If a person first suffers from Wind-Damp, then encounters Cold Qi clashing, the whole body aches, fever occurs, and the body turns yellow. (Same source)

When Yang Qi is latent and Yin Qi is abundant, plus Heat Toxin, only the body and face turn yellow, with headache but no fever; this is named Yin Huang (Yin Jaundice). (Same source) [Note: This is still an interior Heat syndrome, listed here nonetheless.]

Color like smoked yellow indicates Dampness disease, with whole-body pain. Color like orange yellow indicates Yellow Disease, with no whole-body pain. Dry Yellow indicates Dryness: urination is normal, limbs are not heavy, thirst with desire to drink; use Zhi Zi Bai Pi Tang (Gardenia and Bark Decoction). Wet Yellow indicates Spleen involvement: urination is difficult, limbs are heavy, apparent thirst but no desire to drink; use Da Yin Chen Tang (Major Coptis Decoction). If stool is normal but yellow, use Yin Chen Zhi Zi Huang Lian San Wu Tang (Three-Ingredient Decoction of Coptis, Gardenia, and Rhizoma Coptidis). Alternating chills and fever with whole-body yellowing: use Xiao Chai Hu Tang plus Zhi Zi (Gardenia). (*Wei Yi* citing *Nan Zhi*)

There are three manifestations: First, Zhi Zi Bai Pi Tang; second, Ma Huang Lian Qiao Chi Xiao Dou Tang (Ephedra, Forsythia, and Red Bean Decoction). Both treat body yellowing with normal urination and no body pain, what Hai Zang calls Dry Yellow. Third, Gui Zhi Fu Zi Tang minus Gui Zhi plus Bai Zhu Tang (Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction). Both treat body yellowing with normal urination and whole-body pain, what *Huo Ren Shu* calls Zhong Shi (Midstening by Dampness). (*Ben Cao Gang Mu*) [Note: This statement is inaccurate; preserved tentatively.]

Exterior Pathogen Induced Yellowing is a Shang Han syndrome. In any Shang Han case where sweat cannot penetrate and Wind-Damp remains on the exterior, yellowing may occur. Or, if exterior pathogens remain unresolved and transmit from exterior to interior, causing Damp-Heat to stagnate in the Yangming channel, yellowing may also occur. If exterior pathogens are unresolved, there must be fever, body pain, floating pulse, and little sweat; dispersal via sweating is appropriate. If Damp-Heat stagnates internally, there must be vexing heat, slow and slippery pulse, and profuse sweating; resolution via separation, clearing, and draining is appropriate. If Yangming Excess pathogens stagnate internally causing palpitations, knots, and distension, purgation should be used first, then clearing residual heat, ensuring recovery. (*Jing Yue Quan Shu*)

Yang Huang Syndrome: When Dampness predominates, it forms Heat; Heat generates yellowing. This is the so-called Damp-Heat syndrome. However, this syndrome must present with body heat, vexing thirst, restlessness, rapid digestion/hunger, hot/painful/red/scanty urination, or constipation. The pulse must be Hong (Surging), Hua (Slippery), and You Li (Forceful). This syndrome applies regardless of exterior or interior; whether Wind-Damp external contraction or wine/food internal injury, all can cause it. As long as Yuan Qi (Primal Qi) is strong, Spleen and Stomach are undamaged, and Damp-Heat is indeed prevalent, directly clearing Fire Evil and promoting urination is suitable. Once Damp-Heat is removed, yellowing recedes naturally; treating this is not difficult. (Same source)

Differentiating Color: If the complexion is slightly yellow, and the body shows blue, red, or black hues, it differs from pure Heat syndromes; seek treatment among Dampness patterns. (*Sheng Ji Zong Lu*)

If yellow is like orange and bright, Heat predominates, pulse is likely Rapid; focus on resolving Heat. If yellow is like smoked yellow and dark, Dampness predominates, pulse is likely Deep and Slow; focus on leaching out Dampness. (*Liu Yao*) [Note: This view originates from *Zhi Zhi Fang*, seen above.]

Pale yellow heals easily; deep yellow is hard to heal; scorched yellow is untreatable. (*Ding Bu Ming Yi Zhi Zhang*)

When Dampness is abundant, yellowing is dull and not bright; when Heat is abundant, it is bright like an orange; Dry Yellow is withered and unmoistened. Moist color belongs to Water; shiny color belongs to Fire. If the color is like smoke, yellow-black, dull, withered, and lacking luster, it is a critical syndrome. Old theories state Dampness excess resembles smoked yellow-black and dullness; consider this. Note: Black-dull means not bright, but not necessarily withered; if it is also unmoistened, it is stagnant, ruined dead water, difficult to treat. (*Yi Que*) [Note: *Qian Jin Fang*'s Seven-Ingredient Decoction of Yin Chen and Zhi Zi mentions "peach bark color" after the formula, found in subsequent interior-releasing formulas; consult this.]

Gu Dan (Grain Jaundice): After eating, the head spins, the heart feels郁结 (depressed/stagnant) and uneasy, leading to yellowing. Caused by irregular fasting and overeating, with Stomach Qi rushing and steaming. (*Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang*)

Gu Dan presents with dizziness, palpitations, and depression/unease. Treat with Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) plus Gu Ya (Sprouted Grain), Zhi Shi (Immature Bitter Orange), Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala), and Shan Zhi Ren (Gardenia Seed). (*Yuan Bing Ji*)

Jiu Dan (Wine Jaundice): Yellow complexion, heat knotting below the heart with vexation. (*Mai Jing*)

Jiu Dan presents with mental anguish and pain, fullness in calves and shins, yellow urine, red spots and yellow-black discoloration after drinking. Caused by drunkenness exposed to wind and entering water. (*Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang*)

Among the Five Dans, Jiu Dan has the most variable transformations. Alcohol varies by individual tolerance; some drink a dan (unit of volume) without getting drunk, others get confused after a sip. Fermented, it contains great Heat Toxin penetrating the hundred vessels. Illness arises not only with yellowing, but overflow into skin causing blackness or swelling, flowing into clear Qi pathways causing yellow eyes and nasal congestion, etc. Thus, besides Jiu Dan, formulas discuss Rou Dan (Meat Jaundice), Hei Dan (Black Jaundice), Pi Dan (Mass Jaundice), Lao Yi (Overwork Jaundice), and even conditions causing恍惚 (trance/confusion). (*San Yin Fang*)

If the pulse for Jiu Dan is Floating and Slippery, with abdominal fullness and desire to vomit, induce vomiting first. If the pulse is Deep and Slippery, with abdominal fullness and constipation, purge first. (*Qi Xiao Liang Fang*)

Jiu Dan presents with mental anguish, calf/shin fullness, yellow urine, red face, stomach heat from alcohol, sleeping in wind while drunk, contracting water-dampness. Treat with Xiao Chai Hu Tang plus Yin Chen (Artemisia Capillaris), Bai Zhu, Dou Chi (Fermented Soybean), Ge Gen (Kudzu Root), Huang Lian (Coptis), and Ze Xie (Alisma). (*Yuan Bing Ji*)

Jiu Dan, yellowing due to excessive alcohol consumption, commonly called Jiu Huang (Wine Yellow). Use Gan Ge (Kudzu Root) decoction or Zhi Zi Ren (Gardenia Seed) decoction to mix with Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria), or raw material Wu Ling San plus one qian of Gan Ge. If Jiu Dan later transforms into abdominal distension, gradually swelling face and feet, or entire body, use Huo Xiang Pi Yin (Agastache Spleen Decoction) [Note: Uses Hou Po, Gan Cao, Chen Pi, Ban Xia, Huo Xiang] plus three qian of Mu Xiang (Aucklandia), or half qian each of Mu Xiang and Mai Bai (Lily Bulb/Mugwort seed - context implies specific herb, likely typo for something else, kept as transliterated). (*Yao Jue*)

Nv Lao Dan (Female Labor Jaundice): Body and eyes yellow, fever with aversion to cold, fullness and urgency in lower abdomen, difficult urination. Caused by strenuous labor and high heat during intercourse, followed by entering water. (*Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang*)

Intercourse and ejaculation necessarily move the San Jiao (Triple Burner). Upper Jiao belongs to Heart, Middle Jiao to Spleen, Lower Jiao to Kidney. Movement generates Heat; Heat ignites desire. Entering water afterwards causes Middle Jiao Heat stagnation, leading to yellowing. Upper Jiao Qi dominance causes black forehead. Lower Jiao moves blood; following Stagnant Heat, stool becomes loose and black. Noble people bathing together often contract this disease; those caring for health must know this. (*San Yin Fang*)

Nv Lao Dan is a deficiency syndrome caused by Kidney Deficiency. It must not be treated as Excess Damp-Heat. Use Si Wu Tang plus Zhi Mu and Huang Bai to strengthen the Master of Water (Kidney Yin), and Ren Shen and Bai Zhu to cultivate the Source of Qi. Add herbs to move Damp-Heat according to symptoms, treating both root and branch simultaneously, potentially achieving full recovery. (*Cang Sheng Si Ming*)

Hei Dan (Black Jaundice): Huang Dan, Jiu Dan, and Nv Lao Dan, if lingering, often transform into Hei Dan. (*Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun*)

If Jiu Dan is purged and later becomes Hei Dan, use Zhi Zi Da Huang Tang (Gardenia and Rhubarb Decoction) minus Da Huang, adding Xi Jiao (Rhinoceros Horn - substitute with Buffalo Horn in modern practice) and Di Huang (Rehmannia). (*Yi Tong*)

Among Huang Dan syndromes, Hei Dan is the most severe, largely due to lack of restraint after drinking, allowing alcohol-dampness to flow into the Marrow and Viscera, signaling failure of Earth (Spleen) and collapse of Water (Kidney). If spirit is not exhausted at onset, Damp-Heat can still be attacked, serving as a guide to dispel Dan. If the disease lingers, muscles waste away, indicating depletion of True Yuan (Primal Essence), unable to restore prosperity to a dried-up pool. Official Wang suffered from Dan; Yin Chen Wu Ling San failed. In August, Shi Wen diagnosed him: Pulse was Xian (Wiry), Da (Large), and Kou (Hollow), indicating Kidney injury with Blood Stasis, knotting and not dispersing. Urgently, while Yuan Qi could still withstand attack, use Jin Gui Xiao Shi Fan Shi San (Alum and Nitre Powder) combined with Gui Ling Wan (Cinnamon and Poria Pill) to cleanse it; delaying makes it difficult. Wang's family physician thought the medicine too harsh for light use. Soon after, Wang's son passed provincial exams and prepared for metropolitan exams, worrying him, neglecting treatment. On the second day of the new year, Wang invited Shi Wen again. Pulse turned Xian (Wiry), Jin (Tough), and Ge (Leather-like), indicating True Yuan completely exhausted. For half a month, he took several qian of Ren Shen daily, like water thrown on stone. By the third decade of the first lunar month, he sent a messenger to ask secretly. I said: Enduring until today, the young master's examination matters are safe. Later, Lord An succeeded in consecutive exams, returned before the palace exam, confirming my words were not wrong. Simultaneously, a performer had Hei Dan. Given Xiao Shi Fan Shi San made into pills, five taken morning and evening. After four days, lower abdomen cramping, urinating stagnant water first, then loose black stool. By the eleventh day, stasis cleared. Then given Gui (Cinnamon), Ling (Poria), Gui (Angelica), Shao (Peony) type herbs, regulated for half a month, and recovered. (Same source)

Ji Huang (Acute Jaundice): Heat in Spleen and Stomach, grain Qi stagnating and steaming, plus Heat Toxin, causes sudden yellowing. Fullness in heart, panting, life in imminent danger, hence called Ji Huang. Some have immediate body and face yellowing upon illness onset; others do not know they have yellowing until death, when body and face turn yellow. Symptom: Only fever and heart tremors upon illness onset indicate Ji Huang. (*Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun*)

Xu Renze treats Ji Huang. At onset, this disease is not much different from epidemic diseases. After five or six days, only body yellowing adds. In severe cases, tears, sweat, saliva, and urine are yellow like camphor tree sap. Whites of eyes are truly yellow. Its heaviest state is indistinguishable from the heaviest epidemic symptoms. (*Wai Tai Mi Yao*) [Note: *Yi Zong Jin Jian* says: Epidemic pestilence yellowing is named Wen Huang (Plague Jaundice), killing people most violently. This is essentially Ji Huang. Also, the term Wen Huang originates from *Ming Yi Za Zhuo*.]

Han Shi Fa Huang (Cold-Damp Induced Yellowing) (Consult warming formulas below): Yin Dan syndrome, Zhang Zhongjing's formulas and discussions are lost. Through millennia, only Luo Qianfu's Yin Chen Fu Zi Gan Jiang Gan Cao Tang (Artemisia, Aconite, Ginger, and Licorice Decoction) remains. It treats cases where Cold-Cooling medicines were overused, transforming Yang Dan into Yin. This aligns with past precedents; nothing else exists. Today, people simply say Yang Dan is bright colored, Yin Dan is dull colored. This is merely a distinction of Qi and Blood, unclear differentiation leads to misleading people. For example, Jiu Dan turning black, Nv Lao Dan having black forehead; can we call them Yin Dan and use Fu Zi and Gan Jiang because of blackness? Nv Lao Dan involves True Yang blocked by Blood, not yet severely damaged; once Blood Stasis moves, Yang Qi flows. Yin Dan involves True Yang decline and weakness,任由 (allowing) Damp-Heat, Turbid Qi, and Ruined Blood to knot and not disperse. Must restore Yang; only then will knots open. Unless the sun shines brightly in the sky, how can darkness be illuminated? (*Yu Yi Cao*) [Note: The term Yin Huang originates from *Chao Yuan*, but the syndrome differs. Cold-Damp yellowing named Yin Huang likely started with Han Zhihe.]

Yin Dan presents with no heat but aversion to cold, normal urination, slow and fine pulse. Mistakenly opening the Ghost Gate (sweating) leads to cold, hard skin and continuous spontaneous sweating. Mistakenly purifying the Clean Mansion (urination/bladder) leads to bladder incontinence, urine running like a rush. Death is imminent. How much more erroneous are emesis and purgation! Even delaying with mild medicines is a way to await death. In Half-Yin Half-Yang syndromes, initially must retreat Yin and restore Yang; only after Yin retreats treat according to Yang. Combining Fu Zi and Huang Lian will surely cause harm. Why use Bitter-Cold on pure Yin without Yang? (Same source)

Zhu Xu Fa Huang (Various Deficiencies Inducing Yellowing) (Face Yellow) (Consult "Treatment Has Two Ends" section.) Various Dans presenting with bland taste, palpitations, tinnitus, and weak legs should be treated as Deficiency. (Note: This is from *San Yin*...)