有风、风热，多主于痰、湿、寒、破伤风、下实内闭之作痛。痛甚者火多。血虚难治。
发散 风邪与寒、破伤风、如圣散葱酒调服。
宣 痰留膈上，气实成郁壅盛者，宜吐之。
消风 川芎茶调散。风热防风通圣散。风寒仲景加味麻黄汤。
清热 清空膏，片子黄芩一味，为末调服。宝鉴石膏散。
散湿 三因芎术汤。
补气 有因虚宝鉴顺气和中汤。阴虚用天雄、川芎类。只灸亦可。
补血 血虚者，四物倍芎，加石膏、荆穗。阴虚用补阴丸。
导痰 青州白丸子、秘藏半夏白术天麻汤。
捷嚏 用不卧散搐之。痛甚以猪牙皂角二钱，玄胡、青黛些少，搐鼻取涎。
灸 疏风散寒。
针 脉浮取腕骨、京骨穴。脉长取合谷、冲阳。脉弦取阳池、风府、风池。
下 少阳偏头痛，多便闭，宜下之。
敷瘠 用伤寒汗后法，敷贴细辛、草乌。
各经主治药
阳明(白芷、石膏) 少阳(柴胡、川芎) 太阳( 本、羌活) 太阴(苍术、半夏) 少阴
(细辛、独活) 厥阴(吴茱、当归)
气虚、血虚、肾虚、风、湿、热、瘀血、寒、气滞。
疏风 小续命汤加桃仁。
治寒 济生术附汤。
行湿 湿热用苍术、杜仲、炒黄柏、川芎之类。风湿东垣独活汤。痰者用南星。
理气 小七香丸，或简易枳壳汤。
行血 黑神散，空心酒调服。脉涩者瘀血，用补血调气药中加桃仁、红花。
散错杂之邪 风寒暑湿气，五积散主之。
补 气血虚，补中益气中加地黄、杜仲。脉大者肾虚，用杜仲、败龟板、黄柏、知母
、枸杞、五味之类，猪脊髓丸。
针 血滞于下，委中出血。
灸 肾俞、昆仓。
补荣卫 固真饮子下后药，真气虚青娥丸方∶杜仲(四两) 补骨脂(二两)。
下 闪肭实痛，猪肾散等药下之。
摩腰膏∶
附子尖 乌头尖 南星(各二钱半) 炒姜(一钱) 雄黄 獐脑 丁香(各一钱半) 麝香
(五
通关节 济生庵闾丸
Headache and lower back pain are mainly caused by wind pathogen, wind-heat, phlegm-dampness, cold pathogen, traumatic tetanus (po shang feng), or pain resulting from excess pathogens in the lower jiao blocking internally. Severe pain is often due to fire pathogen. Pain caused by blood deficiency is difficult to treat.
Dispersing Method: For wind pathogen, cold pathogen, and traumatic tetanus, use Rusheng San (Like-Sage Powder) mixed with green onion wine for administration.
Expedient Vomiting Method: If phlegm turbidity remains above the diaphragm and qi excess leads to severe stagnation and obstruction, vomiting should be induced.
Eliminating Wind Method: For wind patterns, use Chuanxiong Chatiao San; for wind-heat patterns, use Fangfeng Tongsheng San; for wind-cold patterns, use Zhang Zhongjing's Modified Mahuang Tang.
Clearing Heat Method: Use Qingkong Gao (Clear Sky Paste), or take powdered Pian Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix slice) mixed with water; or use Baojian Shigao San.
Dispersing Dampness Method: Use Sanyin Xiongtu Tang.
Tonifying Qi Method: If caused by deficiency, use Baojian Shunqi Hezhong Tang. For yin deficiency, use Tianxiong (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) and Chuanxiong; moxibustion alone is also effective.
Nourishing Blood Method: For blood deficiency, use Siwu Tang with doubled Chuanxiong, plus Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) and Jing Sui (Schizonepetae Spica). For yin deficiency, use Buyin Wan.
Guiding Out Phlegm Method: Use Qingzhou Baiwanzi or Mishang Banxia Baizhu Tianma Tang.
Expediting Sneezing Method: Use Buwo San insufflated into the nose. For severe pain, insufflate Zhu Ya Zao Jiao (Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus Spina) 2 qian, combined with small amounts of Xuanhu (Corydalis Rhizoma) and Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis) into the nose to induce salivation and sneezing.
Moxibustion Method: Used to dispel wind and scatter cold.
Acupuncture Method: For floating pulse, select Wanggu (SI4) and Jinggu (BL64); for long pulse, select Hegu (LI4) and Chongyang (ST42); for wiry pulse, select Yangchi (TE4), Fengfu (DU16), and Fengchi (GB20).
Purgative Method: For Shaoyang meridian unilateral headache accompanied by constipation, purgation is indicated.
External Application Method: Follow the method after sweating in Shanghan (Cold Damage), applying Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) and Caowu (Aconiti Radix) as a plaster.
Medicines Governing Each Meridian:
Yangming Meridian (Baizhi, Shigao); Shaoyang Meridian (Chaihu, Chuanxiong); Taiyang Meridian (Gaoben, Qianghuo); Taiyin Meridian (Cangzhu, Banxia); Shaoyin Meridian (Xixin, Duhuo); Jueyin Meridian (Wuzhuyu, Danggui).
Etiologies include: qi deficiency, blood deficiency, kidney deficiency, wind, dampness, heat, blood stasis, cold, and qi stagnation.
Dispelling Wind Method: Use Xiao Xuming Tang added with Taoren (Persicae Semen).
Treating Cold Method: Use Jisheng Zhufu Tang.
Moving Dampness Method: For damp-heat, use Cangzhu, Duzhong, fried Huangbai, and Chuanxiong; for wind-dampness, use Dongyuan's Duhuo Tang; for phlegm-dampness, use Nanxing (Arisaematis Rhizoma).
Regulating Qi Method: Use Xiao Qixiang Wan or Jianyi Zhike Tang.
Promoting Blood Circulation Method: Use Heishen San, taken with wine on an empty stomach. A choppy pulse indicates blood stasis; add Taoren and Honghua (Carthami Flos) to blood-nourishing and qi-regulating formulas.
Dispersing Mixed Pathogens: For mixed wind, cold, summerheat, and dampness, Wuji San is the primary formula.
Tonification Method: For qi and blood deficiency, add Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix) and Duzhong (Eucommiae Cortex) to Buzhong Yiqi Tang. A large pulse indicates kidney deficiency; use Duzhong, Baiguiban (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum Praeparatum), Huangbai, Zhimu, Gouqi (Lycii Fructus), and Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus), prepared as Pig Spinal Cord Pills.
Acupuncture Method: For blood stagnation in the lower body, bleed Weizhong (BL40).
Moxibustion Method: Moxibustion on Shenshu (BL23) and Kunlun (BL60).
Tonifying Ying and Wei Method: Guzhen Yinzi is used after purgation; for true qi deficiency, use Qing'e Wan formula: Duzhong (4 liang) and Buguzhi (Psoraleae Fructus) (2 liang).
Purgative Method: For traumatic injury causing excess pain, use Zhushen San etc. to purge.
Yaogao (Waist Rubbing Ointment) Formula:
Fuzui (Tip of Prepared Aconite Root), Wutoui (Tip of Aconite Root), Nanxing (each 2.5 qian), fried Jiang (Ginger Rhizome) (1 qian), Xionghuang (Realgar), Zhangnao (Hydropetini Cerebrum), Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos) (each 1.5 qian), Shexiang (Moschus) (0.5 qian).
Unblocking Joints Method: Use Jisheng Anlu Wan.