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Sweat is the fluid of the Heart (Xin, 心), so Shuhe’s Song of the Heart states: "Fluid sweat penetrates the skin and moistens it; its sound indicates clear Qi and freshness." Generally, human Qi and Blood are like water and fire. When in balance, there is tranquility; when imbalanced, disease arises. Yin deficiency leads to Yang pathogenic factors gathering within, causing fever and spontaneous sweating (Zihan, 自汗); Yang deficiency allows Yin cold pathogens to invade, causing cold extremities (Jue, 厥) and spontaneous sweating.

In children, spontaneous sweating due to Spleen deficiency (Pixu, 脾虚) often occurs on the forehead, making the skin sticky to the touch. One must quickly rescue Stomach Qi (Wei Qi, 胃气). Use Quanxie Guanyin San (Scorpion Guanyin Powder) mixed with ginger and jujube decoction, along with Chenxiang Yin (Agarwood Decoction) for treatment. For Spleen deficiency diarrhea accompanied by spontaneous sweating, where the body feels cold and sweat appears after diarrhea ceases but not during it, this condition represents severe deficiency. Urgent tonification of the Spleen is required using Yihuang San (Yellow-Protecting Powder), Shenling Baizhu San (Ginseng, Poria, and Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder), or Fuzi Lizhong Tang (Aconite Regulate-the-Middle Decoction).

Spontaneous sweating due to Lung deficiency (Feixu, 肺虚) presents with a pale complexion on the right side of the face and a weak Lung pulse upon palpation. This is often caused by prolonged coughing that is continuous, with scanty and unproductive phlegm. It results from deficient Qi of the Lung meridian rising and obstructing, leading to sweating. Treatment should employ Bufei San (Tonify-Lung Powder) and Huoxiang Yin (Patchouli Decoction) to regulate the Spleen. This embodies the principle of benefiting the mother to save the child (Peitu Shengjin, 培土生金 - strengthening Earth to generate Metal).

Spontaneous sweating associated with slow convulsions (Manjing, 慢惊) covers the whole body, with the body feeling cold as ice. This condition is critical; treat primarily with Jinye Dan (Golden Liquid Pill) or Guzhen Tang (Solidify-True Decoction).

There are cases of spontaneous sweating due to excess syndromes, caused externally by wind-pathogen invasion leading to fever. Regardless of whether the patient is unconscious or awake, sweat oozes continuously. One must rescue the exterior and release the muscle layer using Baisan San (Hundred-Rescue Powder) taken as a water decoction. Alternatively, Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) may be administered intermittently, taken with warm white soup.

Some healthy children sweat profusely all over their bodies during sleep, which remains wet for a long time after waking. This is called "accumulation-type night sweats" (Jizheng Daohan, 积证盗汗), caused by cold in the Spleen. Use Sanleng San (Curcuma Powder) decocted with water and baked ginger, followed by Yihuang San and Shenling Baizhu San.

Sometimes, slight cold sweat occurs frequently, with hair roots appearing like beads, and the face and forehead becoming damp. This is called "fright-sweat syndrome" (Jinghan Zheng, 惊汗证). Treat with Zhenjing Wan (Calm-Fright Pill) or Hupo Baolong Wan (Amber Embrace-Dragon Pill), or Fushen Tang (Poria Spirit Decoction) added with Mahuang Gen (Ephedrae Radix et Rhizoma), taken as a water decoction.

Night sweats (Daohan, 盗汗) refer to sweating that occurs spontaneously during sleep. The *Chao Yuan Fang Lun* states: "The cause is sweating of the body during sleep, resulting from Yang deficiency. If prolonged, it causes emaciation and thinness, insufficiency of Heart Qi, and reckless loss of body fluids." Use Fushen Tang added with Huangqi (Astragali Radix), decocted with water, ginger, jujube, and burnt salt.