保生要法云∶小儿初生，若多睡，勿强与乳，自然长而少病。
颅囟经云∶夏中盛热时，乳母浴后便与儿乳，使儿成胃毒赤白痢。定息良久，熟揉乳之可也。
千金论云∶乳儿不可过饱，满而溢则成呕吐，大饱，以空乳吮之即消，若乳来猛，取出再
乳。凡初乳时，须常捏去宿乳，夏不去热乳，令儿呕逆，冬不去冷乳，令儿咳痢。母与儿卧，以
臂枕之，令乳与头平，则儿不噎。母欲寐，即夺其乳，恐睡熟则不如饱足，而成呕吐也。
小儿精要云∶夜间乳儿，须乳母起坐，抱儿乳之。
母有娠乳儿，必患胎黄。母大醉乳儿，必患惊热。母伤饱乳儿，必患喘急。母新房乳儿，
必患羸瘦。母大怒乳儿，必患癫狂。母新吐乳儿，必患虚羸。
琐碎录云∶儿睡，忌乳母鼻风吹囟门，成
风疾。
葛氏肘后方云∶儿生三日，应开腹，助谷神，壮胃气，用粟米煮熟，研如乳汁，与儿大豆
许，慎不可与杂药。
乳者奶也，哺者食也，乳后不得与食，哺后不得与乳，乳食相并，难以克化，大则成癖，
小则成积，疳气自此始矣。
或云∶小儿无伤乳法，即乳满而溢，亦不为害，惟与食相并，则乳裹食不化，遂结成痰
癖，是伤食，非伤乳也。故小儿以乳为主，三岁后方可食糕粥，五岁外方可食荤腥，则一生永
无脾胃之疾。而孙真人、葛氏、巢氏、圣济经皆云∶三日即当用哺，以助谷神，导肠胃。是在为
母者细审儿之虚实而调剂之。
*Bao Sheng Yao Fa* (Essential Methods for Preserving Health) states: When an infant is first born, if they are sleepy, do not force-feed them breast milk; naturally, they will grow up healthy and with fewer illnesses.
*Luxin Jing* (Classic of the Cranial Fontanelle) states: During the intense heat of mid-summer, if a nursing mother bathes and then immediately feeds her child, it may cause the child to develop stomach toxicity resulting in dysentery with red and white discharge. One should wait until breathing has stabilized for a long time, carefully massage the breasts, and then feed.
*Qianjin Fang* (Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) discusses: Nursing should not overfill the infant. If the stomach is too full and overflows, vomiting will result. If the infant is overly full, allowing them to suckle on an empty breast can aid digestion. If the milk flow is too vigorous, remove the infant and resume feeding later. Whenever initiating breastfeeding, residual old milk must frequently be expressed. In summer, failing to discard hot milk causes infant regurgitation and counterflow qi; in winter, failing to discard cold milk causes coughing and dysentery. When the mother lies down with the infant, she should use her arm as a pillow for the infant, keeping the nipple level with the infant's head, so that the infant does not choke. If the mother feels drowsy, she should immediately stop feeding, lest the infant fall into a deep sleep and fail to swallow properly, leading to vomiting.
*Xiao'er Jingyao* (Essentials for Infants) states: For night-time nursing, the mother should sit up and hold the infant while feeding.
If a mother who is pregnant continues to nurse, the child will inevitably suffer from Taihuang (fetal jaundice). If a mother who is heavily intoxicated nurses the child, the child will inevitably suffer from Jingre (febrile convulsions). If a mother who has overeaten nurses the child, the child will inevitably suffer from chuanji (rapid breathing/asthma). If a mother who has just engaged in sexual intercourse nurses the child, the child will inevitably suffer from leishou (emaciation). If a mother who is furious nurses the child, the child will inevitably suffer from diankuang (epilepsy or madness). If a mother who has just vomited nurses the child, the child will inevitably suffer from xulei (weakness and emaciation).
*Suosui Lu* (Miscellaneous Records) states: When a child is sleeping, it is taboo for the nursing mother's nose to expose the child's fontanelle to wind, as this may lead to Fengji (wind diseases such as stroke or convulsions).
*Ge Shi Zhouhou Fang* (Emergency Prescriptions from the Arm of Ge Hong) states: On the third day after birth, one should perform "Kai Fu" (opening the abdomen/digestive tract) to assist Gu Shen (Grain Spirit/Spleen-Stomach Qi) and strengthen Stomach Qi. This is done by cooking millet thoroughly, grinding it into a paste resembling milk, and giving the infant an amount the size of a soybean. One must be cautious not to administer any other miscellaneous medicines.
"Ru" (Nursing/Breast milk) refers to milk, while "Bu" (Complementary food) refers to solid food. After nursing, one must not give food; after eating food, one must not nurse. If milk and food are ingested together, they are difficult to digest. Severe cases result in Pi (masses/accumulations), while mild cases result in Ji (food stagnation); Gan Qi (infant malnutrition syndrome) begins here.
Some say: There is no concept of "harming milk" in infants; even if milk overflows due to excess, it causes no harm. Only when milk and food are ingested together does the milk wrap around the undigested food, forming phlegm and masses. This is harming food, not harming milk. Therefore, infants should rely primarily on milk. Solid foods like cakes and porridge should only be introduced after age three, and meat/fish after age five, ensuring lifelong health free from Spleen and Stomach disorders. However, Sun Simiao, Ge Hong, Chao Yuanfang, and *Shengji Zonglu* all state that complementary food should be introduced on the third day to assist Gu Shen and guide the development of the intestines and stomach. It is up to the mother to carefully assess the child's deficiency or excess and adjust accordingly.