中 虽云太阳。然亦颇多阳明。汗大出。微恶寒发热为太阳。面赤大汗。烦渴喘急
为阳明。重者脉或洪大。昏 不省人事。有似热病。但忽轻忽重为异耳。太阳五苓去桂加香薷。阳明消暑丸。
平人偶然中暑。身热背恶寒。汗退场门渴。烦躁闷乱。痰逆恶心。或吐泻转筋。小便闭
涩。指头微寒。并宜五苓去桂。合益元散。
脾胃素虚之人。上焦不足。暑湿郁蒸。肢体困倦。头重心烦。饱闷喘促。如在烟雾。早
晚则寒。日高则热。此气血俱虚也。宜清暑益气。或清燥汤选用。
暑天汗出过多。风犯汗孔。身体重痛。肢节麻瞀。或渴或不渴。或小便黄涩。此风郁
汗湿。与暑相搏。宜益元散加葱头。
远行劳役。大热而渴。阳气内伏。热舍于肾。为水不胜火。发热烦渴。气急喘促。日晡病减。此脾
胃大虚也。宜补中益气去升麻。加麦冬、五味、茯苓、泽泻、黄连、黄柏之类。补益中兼清解渐愈。
农夫田野。及惯力役之人。过受燔灼。头角额痛。发热大渴引饮。脉洪汗大泄者。急
作地浆水。煎苍术白虎汤。
或年高及虚寒之人。不宜用寒凉者。竹叶石膏汤。稍加熟附子温而行之。
或平昔阴虚多火。不可用温者。白虎加人参竹叶汤。酷暑之时。道途卒倒。汤药不
便。恐气脱难治。急扶阴凉处。不可卧湿冷地。掬地上热土。放脐腹上。拨开作窍。令
人溺于其中。索生姜或蒜捣汁。和童便或热汤灌下。外用布蘸榻。俟醒后用药。
Although heat-stroke (Shu Zhong) is often said to involve the Taiyang channel, it frequently also involves the Yangming channel. Profuse sweating with slight aversion to cold and fever characterizes a Taiyang pattern; red face, profuse sweating, irritability, thirst, and rapid breathing characterize a Yangming pattern. In severe cases, the pulse may be surging and large (Hong Da), or there may be coma and loss of consciousness, resembling heat diseases, but differing in that the severity fluctuates. For the Taiyang pattern, use Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) minus Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) plus Xiangru (Elsholtzia Herb); for the Yangming pattern, use Xiaoshu Wan (Summerheat-Dispelling Pill).
When a healthy person accidentally suffers from summerheat, symptoms include body heat, aversion to cold on the back, dryness and thirst at the anus after sweating, irritability and mental restlessness, rebellious phlegm and nausea, or vomiting, diarrhea, and muscle cramps (Zhuan Jin), closed and difficult urination, and slightly cold fingertips. All these conditions are suitable for treatment with Wuling San minus Guizhi combined with Yiyuan San (Benefit the Origin Powder).
For individuals with inherently weak Spleen and Stomach, where the Upper Jiao lacks sufficient Qi, summerheat-dampness stagnates and steams, leading to heavy and fatigued limbs, heavy head with irritability, fullness and oppression with rapid breathing, feeling as if in smoke, chills in the morning and evening, and heat when the sun is high. This indicates deficiency of both Qi and Blood. It is appropriate to clear summerheat and benefit Qi, selecting Qingzao Tang (Clear Dryness Decoction).
During summer, excessive sweating allows Wind pathogens to invade the sweat pores, causing heavy and painful body, numbness and dizziness in the joints, thirst or no thirst, or yellow and difficult urination. This is due to Wind stagnation and damp sweat contending with summerheat. It is suitable to use Yiyuan San plus Congtou (Scallion Head).
After long journeys or heavy labor in intense heat, accompanied by thirst, internal stagnation of Yang Qi, and heat lodging in the Kidney, resulting in Water failing to control Fire, symptoms include fever, irritability, thirst, rapid breathing, and shortness of breath, with symptoms alleviating in the late afternoon. This indicates severe deficiency of the Spleen and Stomach. It is suitable to use Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Benefit Qi Decoction) minus Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), adding Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix), Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus), Fuling (Poria), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), and Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex). Gradual recovery occurs through tonifying the middle while simultaneously clearing and resolving heat.
Farmers working in fields, and those accustomed to physical labor, who suffer excessive scorching heat, presenting with pain in the temples and forehead, fever, extreme thirst with desire to drink, surging pulse, and profuse sweating, should urgently prepare Dijiang Shui (Earth Slurry Water) and decoct Cangzhu Baihu Tang (Atractylodes White Tiger Decoction).
For the elderly or those with deficient-cold constitutions who should not use cold-natured herbs, Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction) is suitable, with a slight addition of Shu Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root) to warm and guide the action.
For those with inherent Yin deficiency and excess fire, who cannot tolerate warming herbs, Baizhu Jia Renshen Zhuye Tang (White Tiger Decoction Plus Ginseng and Bamboo Leaf Decoction) is used. During intense summer heat, if someone collapses suddenly on the road and herbal decoctions are inconvenient to administer, fearing irreversible Qi collapse, immediately move them to a cool, shady place, avoiding lying on wet or cold ground. Scoop up hot earth from the ground and place it on the umbilicus and abdomen, creating a small hollow in the center, and have someone urinate into it. Collect juice from crushed fresh ginger or garlic, mix with child's urine or hot water, and force-feed. Externally, wipe the body with cloth soaked in the liquid, and administer medication only after the patient regains consciousness.