咸、甘，平。锯去四边，石上磨净，灰火炮过，涂酥炙黄用，亦有酒炙、醋炙、猪脂
烧灰用者。须研极细，否
狗胆瘦银，古者上下甲皆
咸平。七肋九肋，不经汤煮者佳。入药以醋炙黄用。畏葱及桑灰，恶矾石、理石。
俗名大乌龟者此也，今市肆间以海龟甲充之，误矣！
咸、微寒。先以盐水煮一伏时，再入火中 赤，研细水飞用。贝母为使，得甘草、牛
远志、蛇床子良，恶麻黄、辛夷、吴茱萸，伏 砂。
咸、甘，寒。以新完未经钻缀者，绢包入豆腐中煮一炷香，捣碎研二万余，如飞面方
用，不细伤人脏腑。
咸，寒。盐水煮，或以面裹煨熟，磨去粗皮，研一万下，水飞，用七孔，九孔者良
咸，平。火 研粉，水飞用，不入汤药。蜀漆为使，畏狗胆、甘遂、芫花。
海蛤，海中诸蛤烂壳之总称，不专指一蛤也，壳为风涛所洗，自然圆净，小者如细麻，
大者
咸，寒。取紫口蛤蜊壳，炭火 成研粉，水飞用。
造海石法∶紫口蛤蜊以炭火 成粉，候栝蒌熟时连子肉同粉捣烂作饼子，竹节盛悬风处，
阴
凝结成壳，得
痰极有效，或以海浮石为海石
即雄雀屎，苦，温，微毒。头尖挺直者是雄，两头圆者是雌，腊月采，去两畔附着
研细，以甘草水浸一日，去水，焙干用。
白丁香，药肆多杂以雀儿及他禽屎，用宜详之。
Salty, sweet, neutral. Saw off the four edges, grind clean on a stone, process with ash-fire, coat with su (animal fat) and roast until yellow for use; some are processed with wine, vinegar, or burned to ash with pig lard. It must be ground extremely fine; otherwise, it will injure the stomach and intestines. In ancient times, both upper and lower shells were used.
Salty, neutral. Those with seven or nine ribs that have not been boiled in water are superior. For medicinal use, roast with vinegar until yellow. It is incompatible with scallions and mulberry ash, and adverse to alum and li shi (calcite).
This is what is commonly called the large turtle. Nowadays, sea turtle shells are often used to substitute it in markets, which is an error!
Salty, slightly cold. First boil in salt water for one fu period (approx. 2 hours), then roast over fire until red, grind finely, and use after the water-calcination method (shui fei). Bei Mu (Fritillaria Bulb) serves as a guiding herb; it works well with Gan Cao (Licorice), Niu Xi (Achyranthes Root), Yuan Zhi (Polygala Root), and She Chuang Zi (Cnidium Fruit). It is incompatible with Ma Huang (Ephedra), Xin Yi (Magnolia Flower), and Wu Zhu Yu (Evodia Fruit); it can subdue Sha Ren (Amomum Fruit).
Salty, sweet, cold. Select those that are complete and unperforated, wrap in silk, and boil in tofu for the time it takes to burn one incense stick. Crush and grind more than 20,000 times until fine like sifted flour for use; if not fine enough, it will damage the zang-fu organs.
Salty, cold. Boil in salt water, or wrap in dough and bake until cooked, rub off the coarse skin, grind 10,000 times, use the water-calcination method. Use those with seven pores; those with nine pores are better.
Salty, neutral. Roast over fire, grind into powder, and use after the water-calcination method; do not use in decoctions. Shu Qi (Periploca Seedling) serves as a guiding herb. It is incompatible with Gou Dan (Dog Gallbladder), Gan Sui (Kansui Root), and Yuan Hua (Genkwa Flower).
Hai Ge (Sea Clam Shell) is a general term for the broken shells of various clams in the sea, not referring specifically to one type of clam. The shells are washed by wind and waves, naturally round and clean; small ones are like fine hemp seeds, large ones...
Salty, cold. Take the shells of purple-mouthed clams, burn them to powder over charcoal fire, and use after the water-calcination method.
Method for preparing Hai Shi (Marine Limestone): Burn purple-mouthed clam shells to powder over charcoal fire. When Gua Lou (Trichosanthes Fruit) is ripe, mix the powder with the pulp and seeds, crush into a paste, form into cakes, place in bamboo segments, and hang in a ventilated place to dry in the shade. It condenses into a shell-like structure and is highly effective for resolving phlegm. Alternatively, Hai Fu Shi (Pumice) can be used instead of Hai Shi.
This refers to the feces of male sparrows. Bitter, warm, slightly toxic. Those with pointed, straight heads are male; those with rounded ends at both sides are female. Collect in the twelfth lunar month, remove attachments from both ends, grind finely, soak in Gan Cao (Licorice) water for one day, drain the water, and roast dry for use.
Bai Ding Xiang (White Sparrow Dropping): Pharmacies often adulterate this with droppings from sparrows and other birds; careful distinction is required when using.