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Those with a robust innate constitution do not fear heat in summer or cold in winter; those with a deficient innate constitution, when exposed to cold and rainy weather, are susceptible to damp-cold pathogenic factors leading to loose stools (Ruxie), and when the weather is hot, latent heat within may flare up causing heatstroke. Individuals with predominant Yang can tolerate cold but not heat, while those with predominant Yin can tolerate heat but not cold; this further illustrates differences in innate endowment. Therefore, from Lixia (Start of Summer) onwards, when the climate shifts to pure Yang, physicians should avoid using hot-natured medicines (Yong Re Yuan Re); from Lidong (Start of Winter) onwards, when the climate aligns with pure Yin, physicians should avoid using cold-natured medicines (Yong Han Yuan Han). If the weather is extremely cold, covering and warming should be appropriate to prevent toxic pathogens from being constrained by cold and unable to erupt; if the weather is extremely hot, one should maintain coolness and avoid excessive covering, so as not to allow external heat to combine with internal toxins, leading to restlessness and ulceration of sores. During sudden changes such as thunderstorms and strong winds, one should carefully adjust curtains and coverings, and burn substances that dispel foul odors to ward off transient abnormal Qi. The sleeping area must be free from drafts, well-lit and ventilated, avoiding darkness, with constant supervision by relatives. Lights should not be extinguished at night to facilitate feeding and prevent scratching of the smallpox lesions. One must strictly avoid foul odors; otherwise, un-erupted lesions will fail to emerge, erupted lesions will become necrotic, or worse, lesions may turn black, sink inward, emit a foul odor, cause severe pain like knife wounds, lead to delirium, and result in death. One must also prevent hunger and cold; even the wet nurse's regimen should adhere to these principles. Smallpox relies on grain Qi and milk to support internal righteousness, and avoidance of wind-cold to protect the exterior. If grain Qi is depleted and wind-cold invades, the harm is significant. However, one should not overfeed or over-warm, nor consume fried foods or the "Five Pungent Spices" (Wu Xin: garlic, chives, leeks, scallions, and alliums), as this may cause heat-toxicity to harass the chest and diaphragm, inevitably injuring the eyes. After recovery, as muscles regenerate, bathing is prohibited too early, and vigilance against wind-cold is crucial; do not dismiss this as trivial advice, for it is a major principle of health preservation.

Smallpox is a condition where the five Zang organs and hundred bones are all shaken, and Qi and Blood are all weakened; thus, miscellaneous diseases often follow, making it essential to abstain from harsh treatments. The duration for curing miscellaneous diseases is indefinite, whereas the date for smallpox crusts to fall off is fixed. If one spends effort treating miscellaneous diseases, the smallpox progression lags significantly, and the patient may die from smallpox before the miscellaneous disease is cured. Therefore, in treating smallpox, one must not violate time limits but should urgently treat the branch symptoms and slowly address the root. If the smallpox toxin is not resolved, one pathological basis remains; once the smallpox toxin is resolved, hundreds of ailments heal spontaneously. Effort should be focused on the root, not merely on individual branch symptoms. However, if critical miscellaneous diseases occur, they can harm the smallpox condition. Physicians must understand the priority and severity of root versus branch to determine the urgency of treatment. If smallpox is severe and miscellaneous diseases are mild, add miscellaneous disease medications to smallpox medications; this is "treating the root in slow cases." If miscellaneous diseases are severe, first eliminate them, then regulate the smallpox condition; this is "treating the branch in urgent cases." While medication is necessary, regulation is even more beneficial. In intense summer heat, cooling measures are required; in severe winter cold, warming measures are needed; otherwise, ulcers will worsen, and frozen conditions will persist. Thus, all dosages and regulatory methods should conform to the four seasons, harmonizing with Heaven's Qi to create a spring-like warmth, ensuring smooth flow of Qi and Blood so that toxins are naturally released. During prolonged rainy and humid weather, both heavenly and human Qi are obstructed; during prolonged sunny and dry weather, both heavenly and human Qi are dispersed; after long rains followed by extreme Yang, or long droughts followed by extreme Yin, Qi and Blood become diseased. All such situations require adaptation to the specific timing.