疹宜发表透为先，最忌寒凉毒内含，已出清利无余热，没后伤阴养血痊。
【注】凡麻疹出，贵透彻，宜先用表发，使毒尽达于肌表。若过用寒凉，冰伏毒热，则
必不能出透，多致毒瓦斯内攻，喘闷而毙。至若已出透者，又当用清利之品，使内无余热，
以免疹后诸证。且麻疹属阳热，甚则阴分受伤，血为所耗，故没后须以养血为主，可保
万全。此首尾治疹之大法，至于临时权变，惟神而明之而已。
欲出麻疹身微热，表里无邪毒瓦斯松，若兼风寒食滞热，隐伏不出变从生，宣毒发表
为主剂，随证加味莫乱从。
【注】麻疹一证，非热不出，故欲出时，身先热也。表里无邪者，热必和缓，毒瓦斯松
动，则易出而易透。若兼风寒食热诸证，其热必壮盛，毒瓦斯郁闭，则难出而难透。治以
宣毒发表汤。其间或有交杂之证，亦照本方随证加减治之。
宣毒发表汤
升麻 葛根 前胡 桔梗 枳壳（麸炒） 荆芥 防风 薄荷叶 木通 连翘（去心）
牛蒡子（炒、研） 淡竹叶 生甘草
引加芫荽，水煎服。
感寒邪者，加麻黄，夏月勿用。食滞，加南山楂。内热，加黄芩。
【方歌】疹伏宣毒发表汤，升葛前桔梗荆防，薄通翘蒡淡竹草，引加芫荽水煎尝。
麻疹已出贵透彻，细密红润始为良，若不透彻须分晰，风寒毒热气虚详。风寒升葛
汤加味，毒热三黄石膏汤，气虚人参败毒散，托里透疹效非常。
【注】麻疹见形，贵乎透彻。出后细密红润，则为佳美。有不透彻者，须察所因∶如
风寒闭塞，必有身热无汗，头疼呕恶，疹色淡红而黯之证，宜用升麻葛根汤，加苏叶、川
芎、牛蒡子；因毒热壅滞者，必面赤身热，谵语烦渴，疹色赤紫滞黯，宜用三黄石膏汤；又
有正气虚弱，不能送毒外出者，必面色 白，身微热，精神倦怠，疹色白而不红，以人参
败毒散主之。
升麻葛根汤（方见痘门发热证治）
三黄石膏汤
麻黄 石膏 淡豆豉 黄柏 黄连 栀子 黄芩
水煎服。
【方歌】疹出不透因毒热，三黄石膏汤急寻，麻黄石膏淡豆豉，黄柏黄连栀子芩。
人参败毒散
人参 川芎 羌活 独活 前胡 枳壳（麸炒） 桔梗 柴胡 生甘草 赤苓
引用生姜，水煎服。
【方歌】疹因气虚出难透，人参败毒有奇功，参芎羌独前枳桔，柴胡甘草赤茯苓。
The treatment of macules (rash) should prioritize releasing the exterior and venting the eruption, while strictly avoiding cold-cooling herbs that may cause toxin entrapment internally. Once erupted, if residual heat remains, clear and drain it; after resolution, since yin and blood are damaged, nourish blood to ensure recovery.
[Note] When measles erupts, thoroughness is prized. Initially, use exterior-releasing methods to allow toxins to fully reach the skin surface. Overuse of cold-cooling herbs will "ice" and trap the toxic heat, preventing thorough eruption, often leading to internal attack by toxic qi, resulting in wheezing, chest oppression, and death. For cases where eruption is complete, use clearing and draining agents to eliminate residual internal heat, thereby preventing post-eruption complications. Measles belongs to yang-heat patterns; severe cases injure the yin aspect and consume blood. Therefore, post-resolution treatment must focus on nourishing blood to ensure safety. This constitutes the fundamental principles for treating measles from onset to resolution. Regarding temporary adaptations, physicians must exercise divine discernment.
When measles are about to erupt, slight fever indicates no pathogenic factors in the exterior or interior, and toxic qi is loose. If accompanied by wind-cold or food stagnation causing heat, the eruption will remain hidden, potentially generating complications. The primary formula is Xuandu Fabiao Tang (Vent Toxin and Release Exterior Decoction), with modifications based on symptoms; do not deviate arbitrarily.
[Note] Measles require heat to erupt; thus, slight fever precedes eruption. Without exterior-interior pathogens, heat is mild, toxic qi moves freely, facilitating easy eruption and penetration. With wind-cold or food-stagnation heat, heat is vigorous, toxic qi is stagnant and closed, making eruption difficult. Treat with Xuandu Fabiao Tang. Adjust according to mixed symptoms.
Xuandu Fabiao Tang (Vent Toxin and Release Exterior Decoction)
Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Gegen (Puerariae Radix), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, stir-baked with bran), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Boheye (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructum, heart removed), Niubangzi (Arctii Fructum, fried and crushed), Danzhuye (Lophatheri Herba), Sheng Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).
Guiding herb: Yuansui (Coriandri Fructus). Decoct in water and take orally.
For cold-pathogen invasion, add Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba); avoid in summer. For food stagnation, add Nanshan Zha (Crataegi Fructus). For internal heat, add Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix).
[Formula Song] Hidden rash, Xuandu Fabiao Tang, Sheng, Ge, Qian, Jie, Geng, Jing, Fang, Bo, Tong, Qiao, Bang, Dan Zhu Cao, Guided by Yuan Sui, decoct in water.
Once measles have erupted, thoroughness is prized; fine, dense, and red-ruby coloration is auspicious. If not thorough, differentiate between wind-cold, toxic heat, or qi deficiency. Wind-cold uses Shengma Gegen Tang modified; toxic heat uses Sanhuang Shigao Tang; qi deficiency uses Renshen Baidu San. These effectively support the interior and vent the rash.
[Note] Visibility of measles requires thoroughness. Fine, dense, red-ruby eruption is excellent. Incomplete eruption requires etiological investigation: Wind-cold obstruction presents with fever, anhidrosis, headache, nausea/vomiting, and pale-red/dark rash; treat with Shengma Gegen Tang plus Ziye (Perillae Folium), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Niubangzi. Toxic heat stagnation presents with flushed face, high fever, delirious speech, thirst, and dark-red/purple/stagnant rash; treat with Sanhuang Shigao Tang. Qi deficiency failing to expel toxins presents with pale complexion, slight fever, fatigue, and white/non-red rash; treat primarily with Renshen Baidu San.
Shengma Gegen Tang (see Varicella Fever Treatment section)
Sanhuang Shigao Tang (Three Yellows and Gypsum Decoction)
Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Danshichidou (Fermented Glycines Semen), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix).
Decoct in water and take orally.
[Formula Song] Rash incomplete due to toxic heat, seek Sanhuang Shigao Tang urgently, Mahuang, Shigao, Danshichidou, Huangbai, Huanglian, Zhizi, Qin.
Renshen Baidu San (Ginseng Rescue the Extremities Powder)
Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, stir-baked with bran), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Sheng Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Chiling (Poria Cocos with Red Core).
Guiding herb: Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens). Decoct in water and take orally.
[Formula Song] Rash difficult to vent due to qi deficiency, Renshen Baidu San has miraculous merit, Shen, Xiong, Qiang, Du, Qian, Zhi, Jie, Chai Hu, Gan Cao, Chi Fu Ling.