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Fei Wei (Lung Atrophy), refers to the condition where the large lobes of the lung fail to expand normally. Its characteristic external symptom is coughing and spitting out white foam. *Zhubing Yuanhou Lun* (Treatise on the Pathogenesis and Manifestations of All Diseases) sometimes also mentions symptoms such as the desire to cough but inability to do so, vomiting with regurgitation, and urinary abnormalities; Cheng Wuji, in his commentary on *Shanghan Lun* (Treatise on Cold Damage), took throat discomfort and spitting of pus and blood as symptoms of Fei Wei, which are not accurate indicators. Only the quote from Xu Renze cited in *Waitai Miyao* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies): "Spitting white foam like snow, fine bubbles thick and sticky." These eight characters deeply capture the implicit meaning of Zhang Zhongjing's words and are the most appropriate. What Niao Yuanfang and Cheng Wuji described belong to accompanying symptoms, which may or may not be present, and cannot be assumed to always exist. Fei Wei disease should be classified under the "Six Extremities" (Li Ji), specifically as one type of Qi Extreme (Qi Ji). It mostly occurs after prolonged coughing or following bone-steaming consumption (Gu Zheng). In severe cases, the white foam contains blood, and sometimes even pus. Therefore, *Jin Gui Yao Lue* (Essential Prescriptions of the Golden Cabinet) states: Coughing and spitting pus and blood, with a rapid and deficient pulse indicates Fei Wei; a rapid and excess pulse indicates Fei Yong (Lung Abscess). Zhang Zhongjing distinguished diseases with similar symptoms (both having pus and blood) by differentiating their pulses, showing that pus and blood are not exclusive to Fei Yong. For details, see my work *Zheng Yuan*.

Periorbital edema, pulsation of the neck vessels, and occasional cough are common to both Zheng Shui (True Water Retention) and Feng Shui (Wind Water). However, when these symptoms are present, pressing the swollen area results in immediate rebound if it is Zheng Shui, whereas it does not rebound immediately if it is Feng Shui; this serves as the distinction. Furthermore, only when accompanied by coldness in the thighs and abdominal distension can it be confirmed as established Zheng Shui, indicating that Zheng Shui is more severe than Feng Shui. *Ling Shu: Shui Zhang* (Spiritual Pivot: Water Swelling) records: When water disease begins, there is slight swelling above the eyelids, resembling the appearance after just waking up; the neck vessels pulse, there is occasional coughing, coldness between the inner thighs, swelling of the calves, and then the abdomen becomes enlarged, indicating that the water pathogen has formed. Pressing the swelling causes the indentation to rebound immediately upon releasing the hand, resembling a state of being wrapped in water. *Jin Gui Yao Lue: Shui Qi* (Water Qi) states: Observing slight swelling above the eyelids, resembling the appearance after just waking up, pulsation of the neck vessels, occasional coughing, and depression upon pressing the hands and feet that does not recover immediately indicates Feng Shui. The textual meaning is very clear. *Zhubing Yuanhou Lun*, regarding edema, relies entirely on *Ling Shu*; regarding Feng Shui, it relies entirely on *Jin Gui Yao Lue*, making appropriate distinctions. However, since Feng Shui can transform into general water disease over time, at which point pressing will also show immediate rebound, *Zhou Hou Bei Fang Ji Fang* (Handbook of Prescriptions for Emergencies) states: In the early stage of water disease, the eyes first swell upwards, with a color resembling an old silkworm, along with pulsation of the neck vessels, coldness in the thighs, fullness in the shins, depression upon pressing that leaves an imprint, and sounds within the abdomen when turning; this is its sign. If not treated immediately, soon the body swells slightly, the entire abdomen becomes distended, and pressing results in immediate rebound, indicating the disease has taken form. This does not contradict the classics. Ge Yi considered Feng Shui as the initial stage of Zheng Shui and generally referred to it as water disease, primarily due to the symptom of coldness in the thighs! In reality, this complements the descriptions in various classic texts.