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(Huo Xiang, Patchouli Herb) The flavor is pungent, sweet, and warm; it is non-toxic. It primarily treats wind-water toxic swelling, expels foul qi, stops cholera-like vomiting and diarrhea, and alleviates heart and abdominal pain. (From *Bie Lu*)

The flavor is bitter, slightly cold; it is non-toxic. It primarily treats phlegm-fullness, chest and hypochondriac stagnation, knotted qi in the heart and abdomen, wind-induced headache, expels phlegm, directs qi downward, treats chills and fever from Cold Damage (*Shanghan*), promotes the elimination of old pathogenic factors and generation of new healthy qi, brightens the eyes, and benefits essence. (From *Bie Lu*)

(Bai Zhu, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) The flavor is pungent, and warm; it is non-toxic. It primarily treats postpartum blood syncope with jaw lock, colic caused by incomplete expulsion of evil blood in the abdomen, and fetal death retained in the uterus; all are treated by decocting with wine. It also treats gu poison. (From *Kai Bao Ben Cao*)

(Gan Cao, Licorice Root) The flavor is sweet, and slightly cold; it is non-toxic. It clears heat in the chest and fills the skin and hair. Long-term use tonifies qi and promotes the growth of beard and eyebrows. (From *Bie Lu*)

(Fu Ling, Poria) The flavor is sweet, and neutral; it is non-toxic. It primarily treats spleen deficiency diarrhea and dysentery, stops frequent urination, and astringes essence. Long-term use enables one to withstand cold and keeps the body light and agile.

(Yuan Zhi, Polygalae Radix) The flavor is sweet, and neutral; it is non-toxic. It primarily wards off misfortune, treats wind vertigo and wind deficiency, five exhaustion with dry mouth, stops palpitations and fright, excessive anger, forgetfulness, opens the mind and benefits intelligence, calms the soul and spirit, and nourishes the spirit. (From *Bie Lu*)
Zhang Yinan stated: Poria growing near pine roots is called Fu Ling, while that embracing pine roots is called Fu Shen; generally, Fu Ling is superior.
Fu Ling Pi (Poria Peel) and Fu Shen Mu (Fu Shen Wood) were later incorporated into usage, each having specific indications, but they are essentially dregs without essential qi, and thus not worth emphasizing.

(Mu Xiang, Aucklandiae Radix) The flavor is pungent, and warm; it is non-toxic. It primarily warms the spleen and stomach, stops cholera, resolves distension, treats various wind toxins, dental caries/gum disease, and can activate the aromatic properties of other herbs. (From *Kai Bao Ben Cao*)

(Hua Jiao, Zanthoxyli Pericarpium) The flavor is pungent, and warm; it is toxic. It primarily treats cough and counterflow qi caused by evil pathogens, warms the middle jiao, drives out dead flesh in bones, joints, and skin, treats bi-syndrome pain from cold-dampness, directs qi downward, and long-term use prevents graying of hair, keeps the body light, and increases longevity. (Remove closed-mouth Sichuan pepper and Jiao Mu [Sichuan Pepper Seed]. Mix Jiao Mu with Ba Dou [Croton Seed], Chang Pu [Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma], Song Zhi [Pine Resin], and Huang La [Yellow Beeswax] to form a suppository, insert into the ear to treat deafness.)

(Fang Feng, Saposhnikoviae Radix) The flavor is pungent, and slightly warm; it is non-toxic. It treats wind-water toxic swelling and expels evil wind. (From *Bie Lu*)

(Wu Yao, Linderae Radix) The flavor is pungent, and warm; it is non-toxic. It primarily treats sudden heart and abdominal pain from cold invasion, gu poison, zhu-wu ghost qi (sudden severe illness attributed to supernatural causes), indigestion of retained food, epidemic pestilence, cold qi attacking the back and spine from between the bladder and kidneys, women's blood and qi disorders, and various intestinal parasites in children. (From *Shi Yi*)