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Sweet in taste, cold in nature. Primarily treats blood stasis and blood masses (abdominal masses) approaching death. Promotes the discharge of blood and stops bleeding. Facilitates urination. Long-term consumption makes the body light and delays aging. Also known as Maijujiang (Wheat-branch Ginger). Also known as Xiamalan (Toad Blue). Also known as Shishou (Pig Head). Grows in mountains, rivers, and marshes.

The meanings of "Shishou" and "Zhilu" are difficult to summarize concisely. The odor is repulsive like fox musk. Its efficacy is praised as "Deer-Living Grass." Facial wrinkles are not caused by blowing. It sticks to clothes and does not easily detach. It unblocks and resolves blood stasis and scabs. Harvested during summer (Changying).

*Erya* records: "Shishou." Famous physicians call it: "Also known as Zhilu." Harvested in the fifth month. Tao Hongjing's preface mentions: Research and summarization are tedious and abbreviated. Li Shizhen states: The tender seedlings are green. They resemble wrinkled-leaf *Brassica rapa* var. *chinensis* or mustard greens. They have a slight fox-like odor. Also known as Zhumiancao (Wrinkle-Face Grass). The fruit resembles mugwort seeds. The fox-like odor adheres most strongly to human clothing. Su Gong states: It is the Deer-Living Grass. *Erya* states: Summer is called Changying.

Salty in taste, neutral in nature. Primarily treats Qingmang (blindness or severe visual impairment). Treats eye nebulae, eyelid redness and swelling, white membranes, red eyes, pain, and tearing. Long-term consumption benefits essence, improves vision, and makes the body light. Grows in mountains, rivers, and marshes.

Excellent seeds from Longmen. Fragrant mist fills the fields. Countless golden coins [flowers]. Emerald feather-like leaves are just becoming uniform. Green drapes over fine horns. Green prints on clustered hoof-shaped leaves. A black-sweet sleep awakens. Brightness resolves dimness.

Famous physicians state: Grows in Longmen. Huang Tingjian's poem: "The Lord and Heaven enrich with good seeds." Wu Kuan's poem: "Fragrant mist in the fields is just dense." Du Fu's poem: "Leaves fill branches with emerald feather canopies. Flowers bloom like countless golden coins." Li Shizhen states: The pods resemble newly formed fermented soybeans. Inside each pod are dozens of seeds. Irregularly connected. Shaped like horse hooves. Greenish-blue. Named for its brightening eye efficacy. Su Shi's poem: "After a black-sweet sleep." Yu Chunxi's poem: "Midnight loses dimness."

Bitter in taste, slightly cold in nature. Primarily treats evil qi in the heart and abdomen. Intestinal murmurs sounding like flowing water. Cold-heat accumulations. Breaks down malignant masses and eliminates soft masses. Stops vexation and fullness, benefits Qi. Also known as Chancacao (Cicada Grass). Grows in valleys and mountains.

Self-embracing red heart. Square stems with overlapping green layers. Single stalks with clustered roots. One branch with five leaves. Intestinal wheel-noises cease. Body moves lightly and leaps. Red and purple flowers fall profusely. Moth shapes connect.

Wu Rong's poem: "Imperial grace embraces red heart to repay." Su Song states: Stems are square with ridges. Green in color. One shoot has several roots. Li Shizhen states: One branch has five leaves. Small flowers form spikes like moth shapes. Red-purple in color. Lu Guimeng's poem: "Sorrow turns like a well-wheel." Su Shi's poem: "Lightly leaping, body moves lightly up the mountain." Xiao Bing states: Treats wind-induced soft feet, can chase running horses. Hence named Benmacao (Running-Horse Grass). *Liezi* states: Physical connection constitutes affairs.