味辛温。主伤寒温疟寒热。破症瘕结聚坚积。留饮痰癖。大腹水胀。荡练五脏六腑。
开通闭塞。利水谷道。去恶内。除鬼毒蛊注邪物。杀虫鱼。一名巴叔。生川谷。
如菽如豆。蜀栈凌云。棱尖雄辨。细紧雌分。房开双瓣。线起纵纹。疗牛肥鼠。物性偏
欣。
李时珍曰。此物出巴蜀。形如菽豆故名。有棱及两头尖者是雄。紧小者是雌。用之得宜。
皆
有功效。苏颂曰。木高一二丈。五六月结实作房。一房有二瓣。或一子或三子。戎州出者壳
上有纵纹。隐起如线一道至二三道。牛经。巴豆研油灌之。疗牛疫。陶弘景曰。鼠食之肥。
物性相耐如此。
味辛温。主邪气咳逆温中。逐骨节皮肤死肌寒湿痹痛下气。久服之。头不白。身轻增
年。生川谷。
使者含丸。馨香下抑。叶叠滑坚。枝森刺棘。浮艳衣红。摇光瞳黑。一合一开。茂州嘉
植。
清异录。一名含丸使者。服椒诀。其气馨香。其性下行。苏颂曰。本似茱萸而小。有针
刺
。叶坚而滑。寇宗 曰。凡用蜀椒。去里面黄壳。取红用。李时珍曰。其子光黑。如人之瞳
子。他椒不似之。四川志。各州俱有。以茂州出者为佳。其壳一开一合者最妙。孟郊诗。嘉
植鲜危柯。
味辛咸温。主风痹死肌。邪气风头。泪出。利九窍。杀精物。生川谷。
长垂脂浓。短具牙形。铁封蕃茂。篾束飘零。熏烟溽散。调酒风停。苍鳞百岁。去垢常
青。
李时珍曰。一种长而肥浓多脂。一种小如猪牙。不结实者。树凿一孔。入生铁三五斤。
泥封
之。即结实。其树多刺。难以上采。以篾束之。一夜自落。寇宗 曰。溽暑久雨。合苍术烧
烟辟邪疫。简要方。中风口噤。温酒调服少许。张耒诗。不缘去垢须青荚。自爱苍鳞百岁根
。
[Ba Dou]
Taste: Acrid, Warm. Indications: Mainly treats chills and fever caused by Shanghan (Cold Damage) or Wen Nue (Warm Malaria). Breaks up Zheng Jia (abdominal masses), accumulations, and hard consolidations; eliminates retained fluid retention and Tan Pi (phlegm-rheum癖); treats massive abdominal distension with water swelling. It cleanses the Five Zang and Six Fu organs, opens blockages, promotes urination and defecation, removes malignant internal toxins, expels evil influences such as Gui Du (ghost poison), Gu Zhu (gu poison invasion), and other pathogenic factors, and kills parasites and fish. Also known as Ba Shu. Grows in river valleys. The fruit resembles soybeans. In Shu, plank roads reach the clouds. Those with sharp edges and pointed ends are considered "male" (stronger potency); those that are fine and tight are "female." The pod splits into two valves, with longitudinal lines on the surface. Used to treat cattle obesity and rat diseases, reflecting the principle of mutual restraint among substances.
Li Shizhen stated: This substance originates from Ba and Shu regions and is named for its resemblance to soybeans. Those with ridges and pointed at both ends are male; those that are tight and small are female. When used appropriately, all possess efficacy. Su Song stated: The tree grows one to two zhang high. Fruits form pods in the fifth and sixth lunar months. Each pod has two valves, containing one or three seeds. Those from Rongzhou have longitudinal wrinkles on the shell, raised like one to three threads. The *Niu Jing* (Classic of Cattle) records that grinding Ba Dou into oil and administering it orally cures cattle plague. Tao Hongjing stated: Rats become fat after eating this, demonstrating how natures mutually counteract each other.
[Shu Jiao / Sichuan Pepper]
Taste: Acrid, Warm. Indications: Mainly treats cough and counterflow qi due to evil pathogens, warms the Middle Jiao, drives out dead flesh in bones, joints, and skin, alleviates cold-damp Bi syndrome pain, and directs qi downward. Long-term use prevents graying of hair, lightens the body, and extends lifespan. Grows in river valleys. The pill held by envoys emits a fragrant aroma that sinks downward. Leaves are layered, hard, and smooth; branches are dense with thorns; the exterior is gaudy red, shaking with luster like black pupils. Opening and closing, the excellent plant of Maozhou appears.
*Qing Yi Lu* records: Also known as Han Wan Shi Zhe (Envoy Holding Pill). According to the method of consuming pepper, its aroma is fragrant, and its nature moves downward. Su Song stated: Originally resembling Cornus officinalis but smaller, with thorns; leaves are hard and slippery. Kou Zongshi stated: When using Shu Jiao, remove the yellow inner husk and use only the red part. Li Shizhen stated: Its seeds are glossy and black, resembling human pupils; other peppers do not resemble this. *Sichuan Zhi* records: Found in all prefectures, with those from Maozhou being superior. Those shells that open and close once are most exquisite. Meng Jiao’s poem says: "Excellent plants rarely have dangerous branches."
[Zao Jia / Chinese Tamarisk Pod]
Taste: Acrid, Salty, Warm. Indications: Mainly treats Wind-Bi syndrome, dead flesh, head wind caused by evil pathogens, tearing, unblocks the Nine Orifices, and kills spirit entities. Grows in river valleys. Long pods are thick and fatty; short ones resemble pig teeth. Sealed with iron to promote growth, bound with bamboo strips to cause falling. Smoky vapor disperses in humid air; mixed with wine, wind-pathogens cease. Old scales last a hundred years, shedding dirt while staying green.
Li Shizhen stated: One type is long, plump, and fatty; another is small like pig teeth and does not bear fruit. For non-fruiting trees, drill a hole, insert 3–5 jin of raw iron, seal with mud, and fruits will develop. These trees are thorny and difficult to harvest; binding them with bamboo strips causes them to fall overnight. Kou Zongshi stated: During prolonged heat and rain, burning Zao Jia together with Cang Zhu smoke repels evil epidemics. *Jian Yao Fang* records: For stroke causing jaw lock, mix a small amount with warm wine and administer. Zhang Lei’s poem says: "Not because removing dirt requires green pods, but loving the old scales of a hundred-year root."