味苦微寒。主风寒湿痹。洗洗寒气。除热。目中青翳白膜。久服头不白。轻身。生川
谷。
小木芩高。溯源秦产。钗股黍苗。羸愈蜗 。两鬓春新。双眸月满。试泛碧流。详披青
简。
李时珍曰。木小而岑高。故又名 皮。或云本出秦地。白居易诗。根稀比黍。苗稍刚同
钗股
。（自注祝苍华发神也）淮南子。 木色青翳。而裸愈蜗 。此皆治目之药。王建诗。春来
黑
发新。苏轼诗。观书眼如月。苏恭曰。取皮渍水成碧色。着纸皆青色者真。庾肩吾诗。羽陵
青简出。
味辛温。主风邪气。温中。除寒痹。坚齿发。明目。久服轻身。好颜色。耐老增年。
通神。生川谷。
五行五义。光散衡星。通神御湿。贻我怀馨。调浆介寿。涂屋蕃丁。月正元日。作颂镌
铭。
东坡诗注。吴真君服椒歌。其椒应五行。其仁通五义。春秋运斗枢。玉衡星散为椒。孝
经援
神契。椒姜御湿。诗。贻我握椒。宋书传。臧焘幽兰怀馨。僧。宗林诗。调浆美着。骚经上
。成公绥铭。永介眉寿。汉官仪。椒房取其实。蔓延四民。月令正月之旦。子孙各上椒酒。
刘臻妻有元日献椒花颂。
味酸平。主心下邪气。寒热温中。逐寒湿痹。去三虫。久服轻身。一名蜀枣。生山
谷。
名亦茱萸。性殊治疗。梅叶绿稠。杏枝红闹。 棘同酸。荆桃袭貌。春气半含。雀酥同
调。
寇宗 曰。山茱萸与吴茱萸甚不相类。治疗大不相同。未知何缘命名。孟子。其性与人
殊。
苏颂曰。叶如梅有刺。二月开花如杏。四月实如酸枣。薛能诗。辞林绿尚稠。遁斋闲览。
张子野曰。得非红杏枝头闹尚书耶。尔雅注。荆桃今樱桃。李时珍曰。陶弘景注。山茱萸及
樱桃皆言似胡颓子。凌冬不雕。即雀酥也。吴人呼为半含春。俨如山茱萸。酸涩亦同。
[Qinpi]
Bitter in taste, slightly cold in nature. It primarily treats Wind-Cold-Damp Bi syndrome (a condition characterized by pain, numbness, and limited mobility of limbs and joints caused by the invasion of Wind, Cold, and Damp pathogens). It eliminates the biting cold sensation on the body surface. It clears internal heat. It treats green nebulae and white membranes in the eyes. Long-term consumption prevents graying of hair. It makes the body feel light. It grows in river valleys.
The small tree stands tall; tracing its origin to the Qin region. Its branches are as hard as hairpins and as slender as millet seedlings. It cures debility and improves oculocutaneous albinism-like conditions (Woguang). The temples become black like new spring hair, and the eyes shine bright like a full moon. One may try boating on the green waters, carefully perusing the green bamboo slips (referring to medical texts).
Li Shizhen said: The tree is short but the branches stand high, hence it is also called Cenpi. Some say it originally originated from the Qin region. Bai Juyi's poem states: "The roots are sparse like millet, the shoots are stiff like hairpins." (Self-note: Blessing Canghua Fa Shen, meaning wishing for hair to remain black). *Huainanzi* records: "The wood color is green, it treats eye nebulae, and cures Woguang." These are all herbs for treating eye diseases. Wang Jian's poem states: "In spring, black hair grows anew." Su Shi's poem states: "Reading books, the eyes are bright like the moon." Su Gong said: "Take the bark, soak it in water until it turns emerald green; if it dyes paper blue-green, it is authentic." Yu Jianwu's poem states: "The green bamboo slips of Yuling emerge."
[Sichuan Pepper / Zanthoxylum]
Pungent in taste, warm in nature. It treats pathogenic Wind Qi. It warms the Middle Jiao (Spleen and Stomach). It removes Cold-Bi. It strengthens teeth and hair. It brightens the eyes. Long-term consumption makes the body feel light, promotes a rosy complexion, delays aging, and increases longevity. It enhances spiritual clarity. It grows in river valleys.
Five Elements and Five Meanings; radiance scatters across the Heng Star (the fifth star of the Big Dipper). Enhances spiritual clarity to resist dampness, leaving fragrance in my bosom. Mixing with liquid to pray for longevity, smearing houses to multiply descendants. On the first day of the first lunar month, compose odes and engrave inscriptions.
Dongpo's poem notes quote Wu Zhenjun's Song of Taking Pepper: "This pepper corresponds to the Five Elements, its kernel understands the Five Meanings." *Chunqiu Yun Dou Shu* says: "The Jade Heng Star dissipates into pepper." *Xiaojing Yuanshenqi* says: "Pepper and ginger resist dampness." *Shijing* says: "He gave me a handful of pepper." *Song Shu Zhuan* records: "Zang Tao harbors the fragrance of orchids" (metaphor for noble character). Monk Zonglin's poem states: "Mixing the liquid is beautiful." The *Sao Jing* contains... Cheng Gong Sui's inscription states: "Forever assisting in long life (Meishou)." *Hanguan Yi* records: "The Pepper Chamber takes its fruit, spreading to the four directions." *Yueling* records: "On the first day of the first month, descendants each offer pepper wine." Liu Zhen's wife presented an Ode to Pepper Flowers on New Year's Day.
[Mountain Dogwood / Cornus officinalis]
Sour in taste, neutral in nature. It treats evil Qi under the heart, alternating chills and fever, warms the Middle Jiao. It expels Cold-Damp Bi. It eliminates three types of parasites. Long-term consumption makes the body feel light. Also known as Shu Zao (Shu Date). It grows in mountain valleys.
The name is also Zhuyu, but its nature and therapeutic effects are significantly different. Plum leaves are dense and green; apricot branches are bustling with red flowers. Thorns share the sour taste; Jingtao (cherry) mimics its appearance. Spring qi is half-contained, harmonized like Quesu.
Kou Zongshi said: Shan Zhuyu and Wu Zhuyu are very dissimilar, and their therapeutic effects are largely different; I do not know why they share the name. *Mencius* says: "Its nature differs from humans."
Su Song said: Leaves resemble plum trees and have thorns; flowers bloom in the second lunar month resembling apricot blossoms; fruits mature in the fourth lunar month resembling sour dates. Xue Neng's poem states: "Leaving the forest, green leaves are still dense." *Dunzhai Xianlan* records: Zhang Ziyewei said: "Could it be the 'Red Apricot Branches Bustling' Scholar?" *Erya Zhu* says: Jingtao is now Cherry. Li Shizhen said: Tao Hongjing's annotation states: Both Shan Zhuyu and Cherry are said to resemble *Paliurus ramosissimus*, remaining evergreen through winter, which is also Quesu. People in Wu call it Banhan Chun, looking exactly like Shan Zhuyu, with a similar sour and astringent taste.