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**Cortex Mori Radicis (Root Bark of Mulberry):** Sweet in flavor, cold in nature. It primarily treats internal injury, *Wulao Liuji* (a general term for various deficiency and exhaustion syndromes), emaciation, metrorrhagia (*Bengzhong*), and pulselessness (*Maijue*). It tonifies deficiency and benefits Qi. **Leaf:** Primarily treats the elimination of chills and fever, promoting sweating. **Black Fungus of Mulberry (*Sanger*):** Primarily treats leukorrhea with red and white discharge and sweating in women, blood disorders, *Zhengjia Jiju* (abdominal masses and accumulations), tonifies Yin, harmonizes Yin-Yang and cold-heat conditions, and treats infertility. **Fungus of Five Grains (*Wumuer*), also known as *Nuoe*:** Benefits Qi, prevents hunger, lightens the body, and strengthens the will. Grows in mountain valleys.

*Bencao Jing Mingyi Zhe Lu* records: *Sanger*, also named *Sangjun* or *Mumai*. Produced in Jianwei Commandery. Harvested during the rainy season in June, then sun-dried immediately.

Commentary: *Shuowen Jiezi* states: "Sang" refers to the leaves eaten by silkworms. "Mu'er" is fungus. "Xun" refers to mulberry fungus. *Erya* states: Some mulberry trees have berries (*Shen*). She Ren says: Mulberry trees are half with berries and half without; those without are called *Zhi*. Guo Pu says: "Ban" means half. There is also *Nvsang* and *Sangsang*. Guo Pu says: In common parlance, mulberry trees that are small with long branches are called *Nvsangshu*. There is also *Shansang*; Guo Pu says its wood resembles mulberry and can be used to make bows and cart axles. Regarding "Sangliuhuaotiao," Guo Pu describes it as having flexible, drooping branches.

**Bamboo Leaf (*Zhuye*):** Bitter in flavor, neutral in nature. It primarily treats cough with rebellious Qi (*Ke Ni Shangqi*), spasm and stiffness of tendons, aversion to sores/ulcers, and kills small insects. **Root:** When decocted into soup, it benefits Qi, stops thirst, tonifies deficiency, and directs Qi downward. **Juice:** Primarily treats wind pathogens. **Fruit:** Opens the spirit (*Shenming*), lightens the body, and benefits Qi.

*Bencao Jing Mingyi Zhe Lu* records: Produced in Yizhou.

Commentary: *Shuowen Jiezi* states: "Zhu" is a grass that grows in winter. It is an ideogram; the lower part refers to *Ruo* (bamboo leaf/sheath).

**Evodia Fruit (*Wuzhuyu*):** Pungent in flavor, warm in nature. It primarily warms the Middle Jiao, directs Qi downward, alleviates pain, treats cough with rebellious Qi, chills and fever, eliminates dampness, treats *Xuebi* (blood bi-syndrome characterized by numbness and pain due to poor blood circulation), expels wind pathogens, and opens the *Coulí* (pores and skin texture). **Root:** Kills three types of parasites. Also named , grows in mountain valleys.

*Bencao Jing Mingyi Zhe Lu* records: Produced in Yuanju County. Harvested on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, dried in the shade.

Commentary: *Shuowen Jiezi* states: "Zhu" refers to Evodia, belonging to a category. "Yu" refers to Evodia. "Jian" refers to Evodia. The *Han Laws* record: Kuaiji Commandery presented one dou of Evodia. *Guaya* states: , , Dang, Yue, and Evodia are all the same substance. *Sancang* states: refers to Evodia (quoted from *Taiping Yulan*). *Erya* states: Jiao, , Chou . Guo Pu says: Evodia fruits cluster together like rooms; in Jiangdong, they are also called , resembling Evodia but smaller, with a reddish color. *Liji* states: Three sacrificial animals use . Zheng Xuan's commentary: Jian is Evodia; the *Han Laws* mention Kuaiji presenting it; *Erya* calls it . *Fanzi Jiran* states: Evodia originates from the Sanchu region. Tao Hongjing says: *Liji* names it , while the common people call it Zi. This is likely because they did not recognize the character , mistaking it for a miscellaneous character, yet it remains a transmitted name.