味甘，寒，无毒。主气癃，止痛，利水道小便，除湿痹。久服，轻身、耐老。一名当道
（《御览》有云∶一名牛舌，《大观本》作牛遗，黑字）。生平泽。
《名医》曰∶一名 ，一名虾蟆衣，一名牛遗，一名胜 ，生真定邱陵阪道中，五月
五日采，阴干。
案∶《说文》云∶ ，一曰 。一名马 ，其实如李，令人宜子，《周书》所说，《广
雅》云∶当道，马 也；《尔雅》云∶ ，马 ；马 ，车前。郭璞云∶今车前草，大叶
长穗，好生道边，江东呼为虾蟆衣。又 ，牛 。孙炎云∶车前，一名牛边，《毛诗》云∶
采采 ，《传》云∶ ，马 ；马 ，车前也。陆玑云∶马 ，一名车前，一名当道。
喜在牛迹中生，故曰车前当道也，今药中车前子是也，幽州人谓之牛舌草。
味辛。主邪气，辟毒疫温鬼，强志。主淋露（《御览》引云∶主气不足。《大观本》作黑
字）。久服，不梦寤魇寐（《御览》引云∶一名密青。一名∶轻身，致神仙，《大观本》俱作
黑字）。生山谷。
《名医》曰∶一名蜜香，生永昌。
（旧作薯蓣，《御览》作署豫，是）
味甘，温。主伤中，补虚羸，除寒热邪气，补中，益气力，长肌肉。长肌肉。久服，耳
目聪明，轻身、不饥、延年。一名山芋，生山谷。
《吴普》曰∶薯蓣，一名诸署（《御览》作署豫，作诸署，《艺文类聚》亦作诸）。齐越
，名山芋，一名修脆，一名儿草（《御览》引云，秦楚，名玉延，齐越，名山芋；郑赵，名
山芋，一名玉延）。神农∶甘，小温；桐君、雷公∶甘（御引作苦），无毒。或生临朐钟山。
始生，赤茎细蔓；五月，华白；七月，实青黄，八月，熟落，根中白，皮黄，类芋（《御览》
引云∶二月、八月采根。恶甘遂）。
《名医》曰∶秦楚名玉延，郑越名土诸。生嵩高，二月、八月采根，曝干。
案∶《广雅》云∶玉延，薯豫，署蓣也。《北山经》云∶景山草多薯豫。郭璞云∶根似羊
蹄，可食，今江南单呼为薯，语有轻重耳；《范子计然》云∶薯豫，本出三辅，白色者，善；
《本草衍义》云∶山药，上一字犯宋英庙讳，下一字曰蓣，唐代宗名豫，故改下一字为
Flavor is sweet, nature is cold, non-toxic. It primarily treats Qi stagnation leading to urinary retention (Qi Long), relieves pain, promotes urination and water passage, and expels dampness and Bi syndrome (Bi Syndrome). Long-term consumption lightens the body and delays aging. Also known as Dangdao (According to *Taiping Yulan*: also known as Niushé; *Daguan Bencao* writes "Niuyi", original text has missing characters). Grows in marshes.
*Mingyi Bie Lu* records: Also known as [missing character], also known as Xiamayi, also known as Niuyi, also known as Sheng [missing character]. Grows in the hills, slopes, and roads of Zhending Commandery. Collected on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, dried in the shade.
Textual Research: *Shuowen Jiezi* states: [missing character], another name is [missing character]. Also known as Ma Xi, its fruit resembles plums, and it facilitates fertility (making one suitable for having children), as mentioned in *Zhou Shu*. *Guangya* states: Dangdao is Ma Xi; *Erya* states: [missing character] is Ma Xi; Ma Xi is Cheqian (Plantago seed). Guo Pu comments: The current Cheqian grass has large leaves and long spikes, likes to grow by the roadside, and is called Xiamayi in Jiangdong. Additionally, [missing character] is Niu [missing character]. Sun Yan comments: Cheqian is also known as Niubian. *Mao Shi* says: "Gathering gathering [missing character]", *Mao Zhuan* explains: [missing character] is Ma Xi; Ma Xi is Cheqian grass. Lu Ji comments: Ma Xi is also known as Cheqian, also known as Dangdao. It likes to grow in cow tracks, hence the name Cheqian and Dangdao. The Cheqian Zi used in medicine today is this plant; people in Youzhou call it Niushé Cao.
Flavor is pungent. It primarily treats pathogenic factors, wards off toxic epidemics, warm diseases, and evil spirits, and strengthens the will. It primarily treats Lin syndrome (Lin Syndrome) and leakage (as cited in *Taiping Yulan*: primarily treats Qi deficiency; *Daguan Bencao* has missing characters). Long-term consumption prevents nightmares and sleep terrors (as cited in *Taiping Yulan*: also known as Miqing. Another name: Lightens the body, leads to immortality; *Daguan Bencao* all have missing characters). Grows in valleys.
*Mingyi Bie Lu* records: Also known as Mixiang, grows in Yongchang.
(Old version wrote Shuyu, *Taiping Yulan* writes Shuyu, which is correct)
Flavor is sweet, nature is warm. It primarily treats internal injury, tonifies deficiency and emaciation, eliminates cold-heat pathogenic factors, tonifies the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner), benefits Qi and strength, and promotes muscle growth. Long-term consumption makes ears and eyes clear, lightens the body, prevents hunger, and extends longevity. Also known as Shanyu, grows in valleys.
*Wu Pu Bencao* records: Shuyu is also known as Zhu Shu (*Taiping Yulan* writes Shuyu, writes Zhu Shu; *Yiwen Leiju* also writes Zhu). In Qi and Yue regions, it is named Shanyu, also known as Xiucui, also known as Ercao (as cited in *Taiping Yulan*: In Qin and Chu regions, it is named Yuyan; in Qi and Yue regions, it is named Shanyu; in Zheng and Zhao regions, it is named Shanyu, also known as Yuyan). Shennong: Sweet flavor, slightly warm; Tongjun and Leigong: Sweet flavor (cited in *Taiping Yulan* as bitter), non-toxic. Some grow in Zhongshan, Linqiu. When first sprouting, stems are red with fine vines; in May, flowers are white; in July, fruits are greenish-yellow; in August, they mature and fall; roots are white inside, yellow skin, resembling taro (as cited in *Taiping Yulan*: Roots collected in February and August. Averse to Kansui).
*Mingyi Bie Lu* records: In Qin and Chu regions, it is named Yuyan; in Zheng and Yue regions, it is named Tuzhu. Grows in Songgao Mountain, roots collected in February and August, sun-dried.
Textual Research: *Guangya* states: Yuyan is Shuyu, which is Shuyu. *Beishan Jing* states: Jing Mountain's grass is mostly Shuyu. Guo Pu comments: Roots resemble sheep's trotters, edible; currently in Jiangnan, it is simply called Shu, just a difference in pronunciation weight; *Fanzi Jiran* states: Shuyu originally came from the Three Fu region, white ones are superior; *Bencao Yan Yi* states: Shan Yao, the first character offended the naming taboo of Emperor Yingzong of Song, the second character is Yu; Emperor Daizong of Tang was named Yu, so the second character was changed to