味辛，温。主疽疡、疥瘙、热气，恶创、癞疾、死肌，堕眉，杀痔虫，去黑子息肉。一
名恶 。生山谷。
《名医》曰∶一名希 。生中山。
按∶恶灰，疑当为垩灰。希、石，声之缓急。
味辛，大热。主寒热，鼠 蚀创，死肌，风痹，腹中坚。一名青分石，一名立制石，一
名固羊石（《御览》引云∶除热，杀百兽。《大观
《吴普》曰∶白巩石，一名鼠乡。神农、岐伯∶辛，有毒；桐
君∶有毒
名太白，一名泽乳，一名食盐。又云∶李氏∶大寒，主温热）。
《名医》曰∶一名白巩石，一名太白石，一名泽乳，一名食盐
案∶《说文》云∶巩，毒石也，出汉中。《西山经》云∶皋涂之山，有白石焉，其名曰巩，
可以毒鼠。
《范子计然》云∶巩石，出汉中。色白者，善。《淮南子·地形训》云∶白天，九百岁，
生
白巩。高诱云∶白巩，巩石也。又《说林训》云∶人，食巩石而死；蚕，食之而肥。高诱云∶
出阴山。一曰能杀鼠。案∶《
味辛，微寒，主土逆胃反，惊痫 疾，除热下气。炼化还成九光。久服，通神明（《御
览》引作吐下，云久服成仙）。生平泽
《名医》曰∶一名铅华。生蜀郡。
案∶《说文》云∶铅，青金也。陶弘景云∶即今熬铅所作黄丹也。
味辛，寒。主伏尸毒螫，杀三虫。一名解锡。锡镜鼻∶主女子血闭，症瘕，伏肠，绝孕。
生山谷（旧作二种，今并）。
《名医》曰∶生桂阳。
案∶《说文》云∶锡，银、铅之间也。
[Duan Shi (Calcined Stone)]
Pungent in flavor, warm in nature. It primarily treats carbuncles and sores (ju yang), scabies and itching (jie sao), heat qi disorders, malignant ulcers (e chuang), leprosy-like diseases (lai ji), necrotic muscle tissue (si ji), eyebrow loss, kills hemorrhoid worms, and removes black moles and polyps. Also known as E Hui. Grows in mountain valleys.
*The Divine Farmer's Materia Medica* states: Also known as Xi Hui. Grows in the Zhongshan region.
Note: "E Hui" is suspected to be "E Hui" (lime ash). The characters Xi and Shi differ only in the speed of pronunciation.
[Fen Xi (Powdered Tin / Lead White)]
Pungent in flavor, extremely hot in nature. It primarily treats alternating chills and fever (han re), rat-infested ulcers (shu shi chuang), necrotic muscle tissue, wind-bi syndrome, and hard masses in the abdomen. Also known as Qing Fen Shi, also known as Li Zhi Shi, also known as Gu Yang Shi (*Taiping Yulan* cites: clears heat, kills poisons of hundred beasts. *Daguan Bencao* cites...)
Wu Pu states: Bai Gong Shi, also known as Shu Xiang. Shen Nong and Qi Bo consider it pungent and toxic; Tong Jun considers it toxic. Also known as Tai Bai, also known as Ze Ru, also known as Shi Yan. Furthermore, Li Shi considers it extremely cold and primarily treats warm-heat disorders.
*The Divine Farmer's Materia Medica* states: Also known as Bai Gong Shi, also known as Tai Bai Shi, also known as Ze Ru, also known as Shi Yan.
Case Note: *Shuo Wen Jie Zi* states: Gong is a poisonous stone, produced in Hanzhong. *Xi Shan Jing* states: On Gao Tu Mountain, there is white stone named Gong, which can poison rats.
*Fan Zi Ji Ran* states: Gong Shi is produced in Hanzhong. Those that are white in color are superior. *Huainanzi · Di Xing Xun* states: ... nine hundred years... produces Bai Gong. Gao You comments: Bai Gong is Gong Shi. Additionally, *Shuo Lin Xun* states: Humans die after eating Gong Shi; silkworms become fat after eating it. Gao You comments: Produced in Yin Shan. Another view is that it can kill rats. Case Note: *...
[Qian Hua (Lead White)]
Pungent in flavor, slightly cold in nature. It primarily treats stomach regurgitation caused by earth qi counterflow (tu ni wei fan), convulsive epilepsy (jing xian) disorders, clears heat, and directs qi downward. After refining and processing, it becomes Jiu Guang Dan. Long-term consumption allows one to connect with spiritual clarity (*Taiping Yulan* cites "vomiting and purging," stating long-term use leads to immortality). Grows in marshes and flatlands.
*The Divine Farmer's Materia Medica* states: Also known as Qian Hua. Grows in Shu Commandery.
Case Note: *Shuo Wen Jie Zi* states: Qian is green metal. Tao Hongjing states: It is the Huang Dan (red lead/tetralead trioxide) made by roasting lead today.
[Xi (Tin)]
Pungent in flavor, cold in nature. It primarily treats fu shi du (latent corpse poison/toxins) and insect stings, kills three types of parasites (san chong). Also known as Jie Xi. Xi Jing Bi (Tin mirror nose): Primarily treats amenorrhea (xue bi) in women, zheng jia masses (abdominal lumps), fu chang (intestinal stagnation), and infertility (jue yun). Grows in mountain valleys (Old editions listed two varieties, now combined).
*The Divine Farmer's Materia Medica* states: Grows in Guiyang.
Case Note: *Shuo Wen Jie Zi* states: Xi is a metal between silver and lead.