味辛，寒。主疝瘕肠泄，膀胱热结，溺不下。咳逆，温疟，癫痫，惊邪狂走。久服，坚
骨髓、益气、轻身。一名梨盖。生川谷。
《吴普》曰∶房葵，一名梨盖，一名爵离，一名房苑，一名晨草，一名利如，一名方盖
，神农∶辛，小寒；桐君、扁鹊∶无毒；岐伯、雷公、黄帝∶苦，无毒。茎叶如葵，上黑黄
。二月生根，根大如桔梗，根中红白。六月，花白，七月、八月，实白，三月三日采根（
《御览》）。
《名医》曰∶一名房慈，一名爵离，一名农果，一名利茹，一名方盖，生临淄，及嵩高
太山少室，三月三日采根，曝干。
案∶《博物志》云∶防葵，与野狼毒相似。
味苦，平。主心腹，去肠胃中结气，饮食积聚，寒热邪气，推陈致新。久服，轻身、明
目、益精。一名地熏。
《吴普》曰∶茈葫，一名山菜，一名茹草，神农、岐伯、雷公∶苦，无毒，生冤句。二
月、八月采根（《御览》）。
《名医》曰∶一名山菜，一名茹草。叶，一名芸蒿，辛香可食，生宏农及冤句。二月、
八月采根，曝干。
案∶《博物志》云∶芸蒿，叶似邪蒿，春秋有白 ，长四、五寸，香美可食。长安及河
内并有之。《夏小正》云∶正月采芸。《月令》云∶仲春，芸始生；《吕氏春秋》云∶菜之美
者，华阳之芸，皆即此也。《急就篇》有云∶颜师古注云∶即今芸蒿也，然则是此茈胡叶矣。
茈、柴，前声相转。《名医》别录前胡条，非。陶弘景云∶《本经》上品有茈胡而无此。晚来
医乃用之。
[Fang Kui]
Taste: Acrid (Xin). Nature: Cold. Indications: Mainly treats hernia masses (Shan Jia), intestinal diarrhea, heat accumulation in the Bladder leading to inability to urinate. Treats cough and rebellious Qi, warm malaria (Wen Nue), epilepsy, and madness caused by frightful pathogens. Long-term use strengthens the bone marrow, benefits Qi, and lightens the body. Another name is Li Gai. Grows in rivers and valleys.
Wu Pu states: Fang Kui, also known as Li Gai, Jue Li, Fang Yuan, Chen Cao, Li Ru, and Fang Gai. Shennong: Acrid, slightly cold; Tong Jun and Bian Que: Non-toxic; Qi Bo, Lei Gong, and Huang Di: Bitter, non-toxic. The stems and leaves resemble those of Malva verticillata (Kui), with blackish-yellow upper parts. Roots emerge in February, large like Pei Mu (Platycodonis Radix), red and white inside. Flowers are white in June, fruits are white in July and August. Harvest roots on the third day of the third month (Taiping Yulan).
Ming Yi Bie Lu states: Also known as Fang Ci, Jue Li, Nong Guo, Li Ru, and Fang Gai. Grows in Linzi, as well as Songshan, Taishan, and Shaoshi Mountain. Harvest roots on the third day of the third month and dry them in the sun.
Commentary: Bowuzhi states: Fang Kui resembles Ye Lang Du (Stellerae Chamaejasmi Radix).
[Chai Hu]
Taste: Bitter. Nature: Neutral. Indications: Mainly treats disorders of the Heart and Abdomen, removes stagnant Qi in the intestines and stomach, eliminates food accumulation, expels pathogenic Cold and Heat, pushes out the old and brings forth the new. Long-term use lightens the body, brightens the eyes, and benefits Essence. Another name is Di Xun.
Wu Pu states: Zi Hu, also known as Shan Cai and Ru Cao. Shennong, Qi Bo, and Lei Gong: Bitter, non-toxic. Grows in Yuanju. Harvest roots in February and August (Taiping Yulan).
Ming Yi Bie Lu states: Also known as Shan Cai and Ru Cao. The leaves, also known as Yun Hao, are acrid, fragrant, and edible. Grows in Hongnong and Yuanju. Harvest roots in February and August and dry them in the sun.
Commentary: Bowuzhi states: Yun Hao leaves resemble Xie Hao. In spring and autumn, there are white flowers, four or five cun long, fragrant and delicious for consumption. Found in Chang'an and Henei. Xia Xiaozheng states: Collect Yun Hao in the first lunar month. Yue Ling states: In mid-spring, Yun Hao begins to grow; Lüshi Chunqiu states: The most beautiful vegetables are the Yun Hao from Huayang; all refer to this. Ji Jiu Pian records it, and Yan Shigu annotates: It is the current Yun Hao. Thus, these are the leaves of this Zi Hu. "Zi" and "Chai" have similar initial sounds. The separate record for Qian Hu in Ming Yi Bie Lu is incorrect. Tao Hongjing states: Ben Jing Shang Pin has Zi Hu but not Qian Hu. Later physicians began using it.