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The *Classic of Medicine* (Huangdi Neijing) states: "Sweating therapy will cure sores." It also states: "Releasing the exterior should not avoid hot-natured herbs." Therefore, in the initial stage of sores and ulcers, resolution through dispersion is considered the most superior approach. Internally administering diaphoretic formulas and externally applying garlic moxibustion are both effective methods. However, one must carefully examine the meridian location of the lesion, the deficiency or excess of the physical constitution and pulse, as well as the depth and size of the lesion, while incorporating guiding herbs. For areas such as the head, back, waist, neck, buttocks, and posterior thighs, which belong to the Taiyang Meridian (Greater Yang Meridian), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) and Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome) are appropriate. The area connecting the spine and ribs is close to the Shaoyang Meridian (Lesser Yang Meridian), where Baidu San (Decoction for Resolving Toxins) is suitable. For patients with a robust physique and a forceful pulse, formulas with draining and purgative properties such as Loulu Tang (Loulu Decoction) and Wuli Dahuang Tang (Five Benefits Rhubarb Decoction) are appropriate. In cases of Qi deficiency, Renshen (Ginseng Root) and Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome) serve as the main agents; in cases of Blood deficiency, Renshen (Ginseng Root) and Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root) are primary. These are supplemented by detoxifying herbs and guiding herbs to implement tonification and purgation techniques. The Shaoyang Meridian alone is treated according to the same principles as Qi and Blood deficiency. Herbs such as Gualou (Trichosanthes Fruit), Shegan (Belamcanda Rhizome), Shanjia (Pangolin Scales), Chansu (Toad Venom), Lianqiao (Forsythia Fruit), Dingdu (Scutellaria Barbata Herb), Niubangzi (Arctium Fruit), Jinyinhua (Lonicera Flower), and Miebiezi (Momordica Seed) are all internal resolution (dispersing sores via internal medication) herbs.

In cases of carbuncles and malignant sores where Qi and Blood are deficient, pathogenic factors penetrate deeply and spread diffusely without forming distinct protrusions, making it difficult to suppurate. Alternatively, after ulceration, there may be scant pus, thin and clear pus, hardness without softening, or redness at the base without a large opening for pus discharge; these are all signs of dual deficiency of Qi and Blood. One must employ internal support (Neituo) methods, using tonifying herbs as the sovereign agent, blood-activating and pathogen-expelling herbs as the minister agents, acrid-aromatic qi-moving herbs as the assistant agents, and adding warm-natured herbs to counteract deficiency-cold. There are also cases presenting within one or two days with deep and fine pulses accompanied by restlessness, weak viscera, cold skin, and mental agitation. When external manifestations appear deep-seated, one should select from various internal support formulas and combine them with warm-natured decoctions for treating following the apparent syndrome.

When a sore or ulcer penetrates and pus and blood discharge, even severe cases may feel relief. Only when absolutely necessary should knife and needle incisions be used. If the condition is mild and slow-progressing, medicinal pastes or pills can be used to break the abscess. Later formulations such as Tizhen Wan (Needle-Replacement Pill) can be used to cauterize the head of the sore and expel pus.

The *Classic of Medicine* states: "All pain, itching, sores, and ulcers belong to Heart Fire." Subsequent texts provide various formulas for pain relief. In cases of severe pain, bitter-cold herbs should be the primary choice. For those with weakness, Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Decoction to Supplement the Middle and Enrich the Qi) combined with bitter-cold herbs should be used, dosed according to severity. For Blood heat, Siwu Tang (Four Substance Decoction) combined with Niubangzi (Arctium Fruit), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), and Lianqiao (Forsythia Fruit) is indicated; if the pathology is located below, add Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark). For obese individuals, add Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome), Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root), Jingjie (Schizonepeta Spike), and Baizhi (Angelica Dahurica Root). If constipation is present, add Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome). Adding Xiangru (Frankincense) and Moyao (Myrrh) to these prescriptions will alleviate pain.