经曰∶南方赤色，入通于心，开窍于舌。故曰∶舌乃心之苗。又曰∶七情气郁，心经蕴热，
则舌肿满不得息。心热则舌裂而疮；肝热则舌木而硬；脾热则舌滑而苔。又曰∶少阴气至则啮舌
；少阳气至则啮颊；阳明气至则啮唇。若产后血竭，舌如黄土，或色干白。子死则舌黑，母死则
唇黑。心脉洪大，舌病；浮滑，舌喑。
主方 （心热） 生地（酒洗） 木通 黄连 升麻 玄参 栀子 甘草（等分） 加竹
叶二十片，灯心三分，水煎。
食后临睡服。
玄犀散 心脾热壅，木舌肿胀。
玄参 升麻 大黄 犀角（无，用黄连） 生地 黄芩 黄柏（等分） 甘草（减半） 水煎
服。
升柴汤 心脾虚热上攻，舌疮、舌强、颊肿。
柴胡 升麻 芍药 栀子 木通 大青 黄芩（各七分） 石膏（钱半）
水煎服。甚者，加熟附子三分，从治。
绛雪 舌疮、口疮、咽喉肿痛等证。
软石膏（ ，飞） 玄明粉（各二钱） 朱砂（飞） 硼砂（各一钱） 冰片（二分）
上研细匀，频掺患处，咽下不妨。喉痛，芦管吹入。
碧雪 一切热壅，舌疮，舌根紧强，腮颊肿痛，咽肿，皆心、脾火。
蒲黄 青黛（画家用者） 软石膏（ ） 硼砂（明亮） 甘草（各一钱） 冰片（二分）
玄明粉或焰硝（淡者加一钱，咸不用）
各研极细末，入冰匀，频掺咽下，或蜜和丸噙化。
简便方 舌疮。
薄荷 蒲黄 青黛研末，等分和敷，加冰片尤妙。
舌上细孔出血∶黄连、黄柏、栀子，酒煎服。蒲黄末敷。
木舌肿大杀人∶枯矾、百草霜等分研，捻糟茄自然汁调灌。或蓖麻油纸捻蘸点烟熏，舌消缩
。
舌下有筋∶刺破，锅煤敷。
虚阳上浮舌疮∶吴萸（醋炒） 干姜（炮。各五钱） 木鳖（五个。去壳）研，五分，水调
纳脐中，外纸贴。
The medical classics state: The south corresponds to the red color, its qi connects with the Heart, and opens into the tongue. Therefore it is said: The tongue is the sprout of the Heart. It is also stated: When the Qi of the Seven Emotions becomes stagnant, and Heat accumulates in the Heart Meridian, the tongue will swell and become full, obstructing respiration. Heart Heat causes the tongue to crack and develop sores; Liver Heat causes the tongue to feel numb and stiff; Spleen Heat causes the tongue to be slippery and coated. It is further stated: When Shaoyin Qi arrives, one bites the tongue; when Shaoyang Qi arrives, one bites the cheek; when Yangming Qi arrives, one bites the lip. If blood is exhausted after childbirth, the tongue may appear like yellow earth or dry white. If the fetus dies, the tongue turns black; if the mother dies, the lips turn black. A Hongda (Surging and Large) pulse at the Heart position indicates tongue disease; a Fuhua (Floating and Slippery) pulse indicates tongue aphasia (speech impairment).
Main Formula (for Heart Heat): Shengdi (Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, washed with wine), Mutong (Caulis Akebiae), Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis), Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae), Xuanshen (Radix Scrophulariae), Zhizi (Fructus Gardeniae), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae) in equal parts. Add 20 leaves of Zhuye (Leaf of Bambusa) and 3 fen of Dengxin (Medulla Junci), decoct in water. Take after meals and before sleep.
Xuanxi San (Black Rhinoceros Horn Powder): Treats Mu She (Wood Tongue) swelling caused by Heat stagnation in the Heart and Spleen.
Prescription: Xuanshen (Radix Scrophulariae), Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei), Xijiao (Cornu Rhinocerotis; if unavailable, use Huanglian [Rhizoma Coptidis]), Shengdi (Radix Rehmanniae), Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae), Huangbai (Cortex Phellodendri) in equal parts; Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae) in half dose. Decoct in water and take.
Shengchai Tang (Bupleurum and Cimicifuga Decoction): Treats tongue sores, tongue stiffness, and cheek swelling caused by Deficiency Heat of the Heart and Spleen attacking upward.
Prescription: Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri), Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae), Shaoyao (Radix Paeoniae Alba/Zhi), Zhizi (Fructus Gardeniae), Mutong (Caulis Akebiae), Daqingye (Folium Isatidis), Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae) each 7 fen; Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) 1 qian 5 fen. Decoct in water and take. For severe cases, add 3 fen of Shufuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) for counter-treatment (reverse therapy).
Jiangxue (Crimson Snow): Treats tongue sores, mouth ulcers, and sore throat swelling.
Prescription: Ruan Shigao (Prepared Gypsum Fibrosum, calcined and levigated), Xuanmingfen (Natrii Sulfas) each 2 qian; Zhusha (Cinnabar, levigated), Pengsha (Borax) each 1 qian; Bingpian (Borneolum Syntheticum) 2 fen.
Grind all ingredients into fine powder and mix uniformly. Sprinkle frequently on the affected area; swallowing is harmless. For throat pain, blow the powder into the throat using a reed tube.
Bixue (Green Snow): Treats all types of Heat stagnation, tongue sores, tightness and stiffness of the tongue root, swelling and pain of the cheeks and malar region, and throat swelling, all attributed to Fire of the Heart and Spleen.
Prescription: Puhuang (Pollen Typhae), Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis, artist grade), Ruan Shigao (Prepared Gypsum Fibrosum), Pengsha (Borax, clear quality), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae) each 1 qian; Bingpian (Borneolum Syntheticum) 2 fen; Xuanmingfen (Natrii Sulfas) or Yanxiao (Saltpeter/Natrii Nitras; use 1 qian if mild/sweet nature, avoid if salty nature).
Grind each ingredient into extremely fine powder, mix with Bingpian (Borneolum Syntheticum), sprinkle frequently into the throat to swallow, or mix with honey into pills for holding in the mouth to dissolve.
Simple Prescription: For tongue sores.
Prescription: Bohe (Herba Menthae), Puhuang (Pollen Typhae), Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis) ground into powder, mixed in equal parts and applied externally. Adding Bingpian (Borneolum Syntheticum) is especially effective.
Bleeding from fine pores on the tongue: Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis), Huangbai (Cortex Phellodendri), Zhizi (Fructus Gardeniae) decocted in wine and taken orally. Apply Puhuang (Pollen Typhae) powder externally.
Mu She (Wood Tongue) swelling leading to death: Kunfan (Alumen) and Baicaoshuang (Carbonis Herba) in equal parts ground into powder, mixed with natural juice extracted from sugarcane dregs (Zaojia) and administered via gavage. Alternatively, apply paper wicks soaked in Ricinus oil (Bimayou) with the powder, ignite, and smoke the tongue until it subsides.
Tendon under the tongue: Prick to bleed, apply Guomei (Soot from cooking pots).
She chuang due to Floating Deficient Yang: Wuyu (Fructus Evodiae, stir-fried with vinegar), Jiangjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparatum, processed) each 5 qian; Mugua (Semen Momordicae) five fruits (shelled). Grind into powder, take 5 fen, mix with water, place in the umbilicus, and cover with paper externally.