(《素问·热论》连前篇)
帝曰∶其病两感于寒者,其脉应与其病形何如?岐伯曰∶两感于寒者,病一日则巨阳与少阴俱病,则头痛口干而烦
满。(两感者,表里同病也。足太阳与少阴为表里,故在太阳则为头痛,在少阴则为口干烦满。)二日则阳明与太阴俱病,
则腹满身热,不欲食谵言。(阳明太阴为表里,二经同病也。谵言,妄言也。阳明病则身热谵言,太阴病则腹满不欲食。
谵音占。)三日则少阳与厥阴俱病,则耳聋囊缩而厥,水浆不入,不知人,六日死。(少阳厥阴表里同病也。少阳病则为
耳聋,厥阴病则为囊缩而厥。至是则三阴三阳俱受病,故水浆不入,昏不知人,于六日之际当死也。)帝曰∶五脏已伤,
六腑不通,荣卫不行,如是之后,三日乃死何也?(如此之后,三日乃死,谓两感传遍之后,复三日而死也。盖即六日
之义。)岐伯曰∶阳明者,十二经脉之长也,其血气盛,故不知人;三日其气乃尽,故死矣。(阳明为水谷气血之海,胃
气之所出也,故为十二经脉之长,且为多气多血之经,若感于邪,其邪必甚,故不知人。凡两感于邪者,三日之后,胃
气乃尽,故当死也。按∶门人钱祯曰∶两感者,本表里之同病,似若皆以外邪为言,而实有未必尽然者,正以内外俱伤,
便是两感。今见少阴先溃于内,而太阳继之于外者,即纵情肆欲之两感也。太阴受伤于里,而阳明重感于表者,即劳倦
竭力、饮食失调之两感也。厥阴气逆于脏,少阳复病于腑者,必七情不慎、疲筋败血之两感也。人知两感为伤寒,而不
知伤寒之两感,内外俱困,病斯剧矣。但伤有重轻,医有肾不肖,则死生系之。或谓两感之证不多见者,盖亦见之不广,
而义有未达耳。此言最切此病,诚发人之未发,深足指迷,不可不录也。)
(Continuing from the previous chapter of *Suwen: Re Lun*)
The Yellow Emperor asked, "What are the pulse and clinical manifestations of a disease caused by simultaneous contraction of cold in both exterior and interior meridians (Lianggan Yu Han)?" Qibo replied, "In cases of Lianggan Yu Han, on the first day, the Taiyang meridian (Taiyang Meridian Disease) and Shaoyin meridian (Shaoyin Meridian Disease) are affected simultaneously, resulting in headache, dry mouth, and vexation with fullness. (Lianggan refers to simultaneous disease of exterior and interior. The Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian and Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian are exterior-interior pairs; thus, disease in Taiyang manifests as headache, while disease in Shaoyin manifests as dry mouth and vexation/fullness.) On the second day, the Yangming meridian (Yangming Meridian Disease) and Taiyin meridian (Taisin Meridian Disease) are affected simultaneously, resulting in abdominal fullness, feverish body, anorexia, and delirious speech. (Yangming and Taiyin are exterior-interior pairs, suffering simultaneous disease. Delirious speech refers to妄言 [delirium]. Yangming disease causes fever and delirium, while Taiyin disease causes abdominal fullness and anorexia. 'Zhan' is pronounced like 'zhan'.) On the third day, the Shaoyang meridian (Shaoyang Meridian Disease) and Jueyin meridian (Jueyin Meridian Disease) are affected simultaneously, resulting in deafness, retraction of the scrotum, and cold extremities (Jue). If water and grain cannot be taken in and consciousness is lost, death will occur on the sixth day. (Shaoyang and Jueyin are exterior-interior pairs, suffering simultaneous disease. Shaoyang disease causes deafness, while Jueyin disease causes scrotal retraction and cold extremities. By this time, all three Yin and three Yang meridians are diseased; thus, inability to ingest fluids and loss of consciousness indicate that death should occur around the sixth day.) The Yellow Emperor asked, "If the five Zang organs are damaged, the six Fu organs are obstructed, and Ying and Wei Qi circulation ceases, why does death occur three days after such a state? (Death occurring three days after this state means that after the Lianggan pathogen has circulated through all meridians, death occurs three days later. This aligns with the principle of death on the sixth day.)" Qibo answered, "The Yangming meridian is the leader of the twelve meridians, possessing abundant blood and Qi; therefore, it leads to loss of consciousness. After three days, its Qi is exhausted, leading to death. (Yangming is the sea of water and grain and the source of Stomach Qi, making it the leader of the twelve meridians and a meridian rich in Qi and Blood. If affected by pathogens, the pathogenic factor is severe, causing loss of consciousness. In cases of Lianggan, after three days, Stomach Qi is exhausted, leading to death. Note: My disciple Qian Zhen stated: Lianggan is originally simultaneous disease of exterior and interior meridians. Although it seems to refer solely to external pathogens, it is not necessarily so; rather, it is called Lianggan because both internal and external aspects are injured. For instance, when Shaoyin fails internally first, followed by Taiyang externally, this is Lianggan caused by licentious desires. When Taiyin is injured internally, and Yangming is re-exposed to external pathogens, this is Lianggan caused by overexertion and dietary irregularity. When Jueyin Qi rebels within the Zang, and Shaoyang becomes diseased in the Fu, this is Lianggan caused by emotional impropriety and exhaustion of sinews and blood. People know Lianggan as part of Shanghan (Cold Damage), but do not realize that in Shanghan, Lianggan involves both internal and external distress, making the condition severe. However, the severity of injury and the skill of the physician determine survival or death. Some say Lianggan cases are rare, likely due to limited exposure and lack of deep understanding. This statement is highly relevant to this disease, truly enlightening previously unenlightened insights, sufficient to guide the confused, and must be recorded.)"