夫欲取手足经穴。先以指按井穴经渠。缓缓从指所之。而上则筋肉自分。到肘中大筋
尺泽之处乃为流注之溪谷。内经。所谓。分肉之间。溪谷之会。以荣卫舍大气者。是也。如
络穴别走他经者。则须据其经考之。
骨度篇曰。肩至肘。长一尺七寸。肘至腕长一尺二寸半。腕至中指本节。长四寸。本节
按正误曰。自大椎下脊中。至肘尖。为一尺七寸妄。
\r手部总图一\p06-d22a21.bmp\r
\r手部总图二\p06-d22a22.bmp\r
手太阴肺及臂。凡十八穴。
少商（灵枢）一名鬼信。（千金）手大指内侧。去端如韭叶。（素问）为井。（灵枢）爪甲上与
肉交者。（同上）禁灸（圣济 资生）
按凡去爪甲如韭叶者。去其爪甲所与肉交形似韭叶者也。故古典。言爪甲上与肉交者。
不悟。以为去爪甲容韭叶许。误矣。何则甲后容韭叶。则过第一节也。妄哉。折衷云。甲乙少
泽穴下曰。在手小指端。去爪甲。一分。据之则韭叶之分寸。当为一分。凡爪甲上。谓甲后
。手之上下。指尖头为下。前后指尖头。为前手指之内外。以伏掌言之。外台甄权曰。大拇
指甲。外畔当角。是以反掌言之。与古说不合。外。恐写讹。圣济曰。唐刺史成君绰。忽颔
肿大如升。喉中闭塞。水粒不下三日。甄权以三棱针。刺之。微出血立愈。
鱼际（素问）手鱼也。为荥。（灵枢）手大指本节后。内侧。散脉中（甲乙）禁灸。（入门）
按鱼者。谓手鱼腹也。此穴。世人多取掌后横纹内侧。误矣。灵枢曰。鱼际者。手鱼也
曰。曰鱼曰鱼际云者。谓掌骨之前。大指本节之后。其肥肉隆起处。统谓之鱼。鱼际则其间
之穴名也。又孙真人脉论曰。从肘腕中横纹至掌鱼际后纹。却而十分之。所谓鱼际。指鱼腹
白肉际也。凡鱼腹四边。皆可谓鱼际也。脉论所说者。非穴名也。折衷曰。凡手足拇指之节
数。原与诸指不同。故于诸指也。第三节为本节也。于拇指也。第二节为本节也。即入门。
所谓鱼际。在大指二节后。内侧散脉中。是也。独张氏以为本穴在寸口之前。鱼之后。以侧
腕高骨。强为本节。非也。十四经钞曰。经曰。入寸口上鱼循鱼际。出大指之端。是可见经
脉流行之次序然滑氏取穴于鱼腹下腕骨上。故于本文上鱼下。为句。学人其再详之。
太渊（素问）一名鬼心。（千金）鱼后一寸。陷者中也。为 （灵枢）掌后。（甲乙）横纹头。
（明堂）
按鱼后鱼腹后也。鱼际后。有腕骨。阻腕骨。是即一寸弱。故此穴取腕后也。聚英曰。
太泉。非是。说见渊液。大成。作掌后内侧。横纹头。非也。十二原篇云。阳中之少阴。肺
也。其原出于太渊不与本输篇合。
经渠（灵枢）寸口中也。动而不居。为经。（灵枢）陷者中。（甲乙）脉中。（圣济）禁灸。（
甲乙）
按动而不居。谓动脉也。入门云。寸口下。近关上脉中。非矣。
列缺（灵枢）一名童玄。（折衷引医统今本不见）腕上分间。去腕寸半。别走阳明也。（
灵枢）骨罅宛宛中。（外台引甄权）旁关骨上侧。（增注）为原。（千金）
按分间。谓分肉间也。寸半。旧作半寸。字倒错也。据甲乙订之。外台甄权曰。腕后臂
。交叉头。两筋骨罅。宛宛中。三寸二字。误也。资生。作以手交叉头指末。神应经。作
手侧腕上寸半。以手交。中指头末。两筋两骨罅中。发挥。从之。而中指作头指。注曰。当
食指。折衷曰。第二指为头指。即食指也。又谓之盐指。发挥注曰。头指。当作食指非也。
类经。引滑氏。作食指末。聚英。医统。吴文炳。共引滑氏。作头食指末。大成。作食指尽
处。入门。作盐指。宝鉴。引资生作中指。今试之。不当寸半处。不可从也。此穴当阳明经
之分。甲乙曰。太阴之络。是脱别走阳明之四字也。外台注曰谨按铜人针经。甲乙经。九墟
经无五脏所过为原穴。惟千金方。外台秘要方。有之。盖是林亿之注也。乃今原穴。皆记各
穴下。又抄十二原篇征古时有原穴。原穴见太渊下。与千金不同。
孔最（甲乙）太阴之 。去腕七寸。（甲乙）陷者宛宛中。（明堂）
按去腕。千金。千金翼。外台。明堂等。作腕上。入门。宝鉴作腕侧上。金鉴云。上骨
间。未知所指。不可从甲乙。有专金二七水之父母八字。千金外台。共不载。是五行家之文
。非皇甫氏之文。注语误入本文。注云。此处缺文。非也。
尺泽（素问）一名鬼受。（千金）一名鬼堂。（千翼）肘中之动脉也。为合。（灵枢）肘中约上
。（甲乙）臂屈横纹中。两筋骨罅陷者。宛宛中（外台引甄权）大筋外。（入门）禁灸。（甄权）
按尺。甲乙作天。刊误。明堂。作释。臂屈下。有伸字。聚英作屈肘。吴文炳。肘中作
肘后。约上谓横纹约上也。
侠白（甲乙）天府下。去肘五寸。动脉中。手太阴之别。（甲乙）尺泽。上五寸。（冈本）
按侠。吴文炳。作夹。寿世保元曰。先于两乳头上。涂墨合两手直伸夹之。染墨处。即
是穴也。恐有差。不可从。
天府（素问）腋内动脉（灵枢）腋下三寸。臂 内廉。动脉中。（甲乙）举臂取之。（圣济）禁
灸（甲乙）
按资生。类经曰。以鼻取之。入门。作举手以鼻取之。吴文炳。金鉴。作以鼻尖点墨
法也。欲据此法须急举手。缓则当侠白。故不取捷法。吴文炳。并大成。作肘腕上五寸。非
手厥阴心主及臂。凡十六穴。
中冲（灵枢）中指爪甲上。与肉交者。（素问）为井。（灵枢）去爪甲如韭叶陷者中。（甲乙）
爪甲角。（次注）内端。（大全）
按内经。甲乙。诸书。无内外侧字。次注。聚英。言爪甲角。亦无内外文。大全。言内
。原于邪客篇。稻垣道恒筋骨铜人图曰。手厥阴中冲穴。古来不辨中指之内外。灵枢二篇曰
。劳宫。掌中中指本节之内间也。劳宫在内间。则中冲。亦当在中指内侧也。七十一篇曰。
心主之脉。出于中指之端。内屈。循中指内廉。以上留于掌中。既曰端内。曰内廉明是中指
内侧。爪甲角。按本 篇曰。心出于中冲。手少阴也是厥阴而言少阴。张介宾曰。以心与心胞
本同一脏。其气相通。皆心所主。又引邪客篇曰。手少阴之脉。独无 。然而此篇既论井荥
经合。则不当为无 之解也。金匮真言论曰。南风生于夏。病在心。俞在胸胁。又论俞者。
可见也。只与邪客篇。异例也。本 一篇。不及手厥阴。乃知脱少阴一条。传写误以厥阴作
少阴。邪客篇。明言心主之脉出于中指端。内屈循中指内廉以上。厥阴起中指者。可知也。
又经筋篇曰。手心主之筋起于中指。手少阴之筋。起于小指之内侧。此篇不曰脉。而曰筋。
其所通亦不同。张曰经脉营行表里。经筋出入脏腑。然而终篇不论此事。盖臆说。古人皆言
内经。不出于一时一人之手。若灵枢无异论。然间亦有可疑者焉。至心与心主之两脉。多不
吻合。盖以不出一口之论也。
劳宫（灵枢）一名五里。（甲乙）一名鬼路。（千金）一名掌中。（类经）掌中。中指本节之内
间也。为荥。（灵枢）掌中央。动脉中。（甲乙）横纹。（资生）
按掌中。手掌中央也。明堂经。作手心中。以无名指屈指头着处是也。发挥曰。资生经
指。以今观之莫若屈中指无名指两者之间取之为允。今按资生经曰。屈无名指着处是。与滑
氏所引不同。入门曰。屈中指取之。皆捷法也。予试之。间有不合者。不可用也。屈指使掌
凹。直中指内间。横纹中。陷者。此穴也。捷法不可悉废。亦不可深泥也。十三鬼穴。鬼路
。即劳宫也。详于间使。
大陵（灵枢）一名心主。（脉经）一名鬼心。（大全）掌后两骨之间。方下者也。为 。（灵
枢）手腕第一约理中。当中指。（肘后）
按千金注。以鬼心为太渊。大全。为大陵。折衷。引千金亦为大陵。盖以千金。掌后横
鬼心。有两说。未知孰是。姑存二说。方下谓陷中也。脉经曰。心主在掌后横理中。肘后曰
。心主云云。其纹以肘后为详。故系之本注。又以心主为一名。千金曰。吐血。呕逆灸手心
主五十壮千金翼云大陵是也。甲乙千金翼。外台。资生。发挥。作两筋间。陷者中。千金。作
两骨间。次注。作掌后骨两筋间。类经。聚英。医统。金鉴作掌后骨下横纹中。义同十二原
篇曰。阳中之太阳心也。其原出于大陵。是心包经。而为心之原者。说已见。
内关（灵枢）去腕二寸。出于两筋之间。（灵枢）络别走少阳。（甲乙）与外关相对。（类经）
大陵后二寸。（入门）为源（千金）
按灵枢曰。刺两关者。伸不能屈。两关者。内关外关也。谓伸肘而取之也。千金注曰。
外台。作五寸。今本作二寸。
间使（灵枢）一名鬼路（千翼）两筋之间三寸之中也为经（灵枢）掌后三寸。陷者中。（甲乙）
大陵后三寸。（入门）
按三寸之中言掌后三寸。两筋之中间也。肘后作两腕后。两字衍。鬼路。千金翼云。从
纹上三寸。两筋间。针度之。名鬼路。此名间使。大全。歌括。类经并为一名。千金。十三鬼穴
。为劳宫者。恐非也。千金风癫篇。作腕后五寸臂上两骨间。千金翼。诸风篇作二寸误。
门（甲乙）手心主之 。去腕五寸。（甲乙）掌后。（千金）大陵后五寸。（入门）
按千金注曰。外台云。去内关五寸今本无此语。
曲泽（灵枢）肘内廉下。陷者之中也。屈而得之。为合。（灵枢）大筋内侧。横纹中。动脉。
（神应）
按屈者。屈肘也。甲乙。作屈肘。入门。作肘腕内横纹中央。非也。
天泉（甲乙）一名天温。（甲乙）曲腋下。去臂二寸。举臂取之。（甲乙）
按温。外台。资生
臂
寸。自曲泽随分肉。而上。则至腋下退二寸。此穴也。千金。并翼方。外台。作举腋取之。无
手少阴心及臂。凡十八穴。
少冲（甲乙）一名经始。（甲乙）手小指内廉之端。去爪甲如韭叶。手少阴脉之所出也。为
井（甲乙）爪甲角。（资生）
按凡手指言内外者。以伏掌而取之。故此穴取小指爪甲角对无名指处。直少府后也。灵
枢。缺少阴一条。本输篇曰。心出于中冲。手少阴也。说既见。
少府（甲乙）小指本节后。陷者中。直劳宫。为荥。（甲乙）掌内。（大全）
按本。千金。作
粗。金鉴曰。小指本节末。外侧。非也。
神门（甲乙）一名兑冲。一名中都。（甲乙）一名锐中。（聚英）掌后锐骨之端（灵枢）陷者中
。为俞。（甲乙）当小指。（次注）动应于手（同上）
按甲乙经。作兑骨千金。外台等同。兑锐。通凡
骨。为腕下踝骨。后世诸
。
曰。起骨下。阳谷。注曰。锐骨下。养老注曰。踝骨上。岂一踝骨而有
法。定之先取掌后横纹后一寸。当小指间
则神门自在掌后
误矣。缪刺篇云。少阴锐骨之端。次注曰。谓神门穴也。今取心经于掌内侧小指无
侧腕为小肠经。说见于后。俗医之取此四穴。唯布四指以
少阴 （甲乙）掌后脉中。去腕五分。（甲乙）当小指。无名指间（增注）
按甲乙。少阴上。有手字。外台。次注。作少阴 。千金并翼方。资生。圣济无少字。
通里（灵枢）掌后一寸。别走太阳。（灵枢）陷者中。（明堂）直阴 后。（增注）
按里。千金。千金翼。作理。掌。甲乙。作腕。经脉篇云。去腕一寸半。马莳曰。半字
衍。观下掌后一寸可见。是也。诸书共无半字。类经。作腕侧。非也。说见下。
灵道（甲乙）掌后一寸五分。为经。（甲乙）
按甲乙或曰。一寸诸书皆载之。掌后一寸。此通里也。千金不载或曰一说是也。
少海（甲乙）一名曲节（甲乙）肘内廉。节后。陷者中动脉应手为合。（甲乙）与小肠经小海
挟肘内大骨相对。（增注）
禁灸。（甄权）
按小海。少海。二穴唯隔一骨内外耳。故诸医聚讼纷纷。小海注曰。挟肘内大骨外廉。
曰。挟肘内大骨内侧。其义较然着明。故增注曰。与小肠经小海。挟肘内大骨相对。小肠经
支正。既取外廉。则小海。又在大骨外可知也。故甲乙。少海注云。肘内廉。节后。可见已
。外台。所引甄权曰。穴在臂侧曲肘内。横纹头。屈手向头而取。是少海穴。欲取此经。仰
微屈腕又微屈肘。内向。自掌后神门穴就分肉缓缓到肘内。过大骨。又内侧数寸。留腋下中
央。聚毛里是极泉也。取小肠经。亦屈腕屈肘若前法自后溪缓缓随外侧。到肘内。挟大骨出外
廉是小海穴也。俱以分肉探之奚疑。故取小海。唯过肘内大骨。取陷者中。则不拘甄氏所谓
横纹头。自得之也。千金翼。铜人。资生。入门。类经。聚英。医统共从甄氏说。如次注。明堂。
资生。发挥。吴文炳。聚英。医统并云肘内大骨外。去肘端五分。冈本氏以为小肠经小海穴
注混于此。是也。
青灵（明堂）肘上三寸。伸肘举臂取之。（明堂）禁刺。（入门）
按甲乙。千金。外台。不载此穴近时针灸书皆有。入门作青灵泉。发挥。无伸肘字。吴
To select acupoints on the hands and feet, first press with a finger on the Jing-Well points and Jingqu (Jing-River point). Slowly push along the direction of the fingers. Moving upward, the muscle fibers naturally separate. Arriving at the large tendon in the center of the elbow, specifically at the Chize (Sea of Water) point, this is where the Qi and Blood flow into the valleys. As stated in the *Nei Jing* (Inner Canon): "Between the separated muscles, the convergence of the valleys, where Ying and Wei Qi reside with the Great Qi," refers to this situation. For Luo-Connecting points that branch off to other meridians, one must verify according to the specific meridian.
The *Gu Du Pian* (Bone Measurement Chapter) states: From shoulder to elbow, the length is 1 chi 7 cun; from elbow to wrist, 1 chi 2.5 cun; from wrist to the proximal phalanx joint (Ben-Jie) of the middle finger, 4 cun.
Commentary: According to corrections, it is erroneous to claim that the distance from the Dazhui point down the spine to the tip of the elbow is 1 chi 7 cun.
[Hand General Diagram 1]
[Hand General Diagram 2]
The Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian and arm have a total of eighteen acupoints.
Shaoshang (from *Ling Shu*), also known as Guixin (from *Qian Jin Fang*). Located on the radial side of the thumb, approximately the width of a leek leaf away from the nail corner. (*Su Wen*) It is the Jing-Well point. (*Ling Shu*) At the junction of the nail and flesh. (Ibid.) Moxibustion is contraindicated (*Sheng Ji Zong Lu*, *Zi Sheng Jing*).
Commentary: The phrase "away from the nail like a leek leaf" refers to the area of flesh exposed after removing the nail edge, shaped like a leek leaf. Ancient texts saying "junction of nail and flesh" were misunderstood by some as retaining a nail segment the size of a leek leaf, which is incorrect. Why? If the nail bed behind the nail were that wide, it would extend beyond the first phalanx, which is absurd. The synthesized view holds that the *Jia Yi Jing* description for Shaoshuo says: "At the tip of the little finger, one fen away from the nail." Based on this, the width of a leek leaf corresponds to one fen. "Above the nail" refers to the nail bed. Regarding orientation: fingertips are "down"; anterior/posterior directions refer to the fingertip; medial/lateral sides of fingers are defined with the palm facing down. The *Wai Tai Mi Yao* cites Zhen Quan: "On the outer edge of the thumb nail, at the angle." This assumes a reversed palm view, conflicting with ancient descriptions. The character "outer" is likely a transcription error. *Sheng Ji Zong Lu* records: Chancellor Cheng Junyue of the Tang Dynasty suddenly suffered massive submandibular swelling, throat blockage, and inability to swallow water or food for three days. Zhen Quan punctured this point with a three-edged needle, releasing a small amount of blood, resulting in immediate recovery.
Yuji (from *Su Wen*), referring to the thenar eminence ("Fish"), is the Ying-Spring point. (*Ling Shu*) Located posterior to the base of the thumb, within the dispersed vessels on the medial side. (*Jia Yi Jing*) Moxibustion is contraindicated. (*Ru Men*)
Commentary: "Fish" refers to the thenar eminence. Many people mistakenly locate this point at the medial end of the distal palmar crease. The *Ling Shu* states: "Yuji is the hand fish." The terms "Fish" and "Yuji" refer to the fleshy bulge anterior to the metacarpal bone and posterior to the first metacarpophalangeal joint, collectively called "Fish." "Yuji" is the specific acupoint name within this area. Sun Simiao's Pulse Theory states: "From the transverse crease at the elbow/wrist to the crease behind the palmar fish, divided into ten parts." Here, "Yuji" refers to the boundary of the white flesh of the thenar eminence. Any border of the thenar eminence can be called Yuji. The Pulse Theory does not refer to an acupoint name. The synthesized view notes: The number of phalanges in the thumbs differs from other fingers. For other fingers, the third phalanx is the proximal joint; for the thumb, the second phalanx is the proximal joint. Thus, *Ru Men* states: "Yuji is located posterior to the second joint of the thumb, in the dispersed vessels on the medial side." Zhang Shi alone believed the point was anterior to Cun Kou and posterior to the Fish, forcing the prominent bone of the ulnar styloid process to serve as the proximal joint, which is incorrect. *Fourteen Meridian Notes* states: "The Classic says: Entering Cun Kou, ascending the Fish, following Yuji, exiting the tip of the thumb." This illustrates the sequence of meridian flow. However, Master Hua took the point below the Fish and above the pisiform bone, leading to ambiguity in parsing the text "ascending the Fish." Scholars should investigate further.
Taiyuan (from *Su Wen*), also known as Guixin (from *Qian Jin Fang*). One cun posterior to the Fish, in the depression at the center, is the Shu-Stream point. (*Ling Shu*) Posterior to the palm. (*Jia Yi Jing*) At the head of the transverse crease. (*Ming Tang*)
Commentary: "Posterior to the Fish" means posterior to the thenar eminence. Behind Yuji lies the pisiform bone, obstructing the path; the distance is slightly less than one cun from the wrist bone, so this point is taken posterior to the wrist. *Ju Ying* states: "Taiquan" is incorrect; see Yuan Ye. *Da Cheng* describes it as "medial posterior palm, head of transverse crease," which is wrong. *Twelve Yuan Points Chapter* says: "Yang-Zhong-Shao-Yin is the Lung. Its Yuan-Source point originates at Taiyuan." This conflicts with the Ben Shu Chapter.
Jingqu (from *Ling Shu*) is in Cun Kou, where the pulse moves continuously without resting, and is the Jing-River point. (*Ling Shu*) In the depression. (*Jia Yi Jing*) Within the vessel. (*Sheng Ji Zong Lu*) Moxibustion is contraindicated. (*Jia Yi Jing*)
Commentary: "Moves continuously without resting" refers to the arterial pulse. *Ru Men* states: "Below Cun Kou, near Guan, within the pulse," which is incorrect.
Lieque (from *Ling Shu*), also known as Tongxuan (cited in *Zhe Zhong*, not found in current *Yi Tong* edition). Located in the intermuscular space above the wrist, 1.5 cun from the wrist, branching off to the Yangming meridian. (*Ling Shu*) In the hollow between the bone gaps. (*Wai Tai Mi Yao* citing Zhen Quan) On the lateral side above the radius. (*Zeng Zhu*) It is the Yuan-Source point. (*Qian Jin Fang*)
Commentary: "Intermuscular space" refers to the space between muscles. "1.5 cun" was incorrectly printed as "0.5 cun" in old editions due to word order reversal; corrected according to *Jia Yi Jing*. *Wai Tai Mi Yao* cites Zhen Quan: "At the intersection of the wrists when crossed, in the hollow between the two tendons and bones." The characters "three cun" are errors. *Zi Sheng Jing* describes: "With hands crossed, pointing to the tip of the finger." *Shen Ying Jing* describes: "1.5 cun above the wrist on the side, crossing hands so the middle finger tips meet, in the gap between two tendons and two bones." *Fa Hui* follows this but changes "middle finger" to "index finger," noting it should be the index finger. *Zhe Zhong* argues: The second finger is the "head finger," i.e., the index finger, also called "salt finger." *Fa Hui* note claims "head finger" should be "index finger," which is deemed incorrect by some. *Lei Jing* cites Master Hua, describing it as the tip of the index finger. *Ju Ying*, *Yi Tong*, and Wu Wenbing cite Master Hua, describing it as the tip of the "head-index finger." *Da Cheng* describes it as the end of the index finger. *Ru Men* calls it "salt finger." *Bao Jian* cites *Zi Sheng Jing* calling it the middle finger. Current testing shows it is not at 1.5 cun, so these descriptions cannot be followed. This point belongs to the division of the Yangming meridian. *Jia Yi Jing* says: "Luo-connecting of Taiyin," omitting the four characters "branches off to Yangming." *Wai Tai* commentary states: "According to *Tong Ren Zhen Jing*, *Jia Yi Jing*, and *Jiu Xu Jing*, there are no Yuan-Source points for the five zang organs. Only *Qian Jin Fang* and *Wai Tai Mi Yao* have them." This is likely Lin Yi's commentary. Currently, Yuan-Source points are recorded under each acupoint, copying *Twelve Yuan Points Chapter* to prove ancient Yuan-Source points existed. The Yuan-Source point appears under Taiyuan, differing from *Qian Jin Fang*.
Kongzui (from *Jia Yi Jing*) is the Xi-Cleft point of Taiyin, 7 cun from the wrist. (*Jia Yi Jing*) In the hollow depression. (*Ming Tang*)
Commentary: "From the wrist," *Qian Jin Fang*, *Qian Jin Yi Fang*, *Wai Tai Mi Yao*, *Ming Tang*, etc., read "above the wrist." *Ru Men* and *Bao Jian* read "lateral upper wrist." *Jin Jian* says "between upper bones," unknown reference, cannot be followed. *Jia Yi Jing* contains characters related to Metal/Water parents, absent in *Qian Jin* and *Wai Tai*, indicating these are Five Elements theory additions, not Huangfu Mi's original text. Commentary erroneously entered the main text. Note claiming missing text here is incorrect.
Chize (from *Su Wen*), also known as Guishou (from *Qian Jin Fang*) and Guitang (from *Qian Jin Yi Fang*). The pulsating artery in the center of the elbow, is the He-Sea point. (*Ling Shu*) Above the flexion crease in the elbow. (*Jia Yi Jing*) In the transverse crease of the flexed arm, in the depression between the two tendons and bones, hollow and deep. (*Wai Tai Mi Yao* citing Zhen Quan) Lateral to the large tendon. (*Ru Men*) Moxibustion is contraindicated. (Zhen Quan)
Commentary: "Chi" is written as "Tian" in *Jia Yi Jing* (printing error). *Ming Tang* writes "Shi." There is a superfluous character "shen" (extend) after "bi qu" (arm flex). *Ju Ying* reads "flex elbow." Wu Wenbing reads "posterior elbow" for "elbow center." "Yue shang" refers to above the flexion crease.
Xiabai (from *Jia Yi Jing*) is below Tianfu, 5 cun from the elbow, in the pulsating artery, the Luo-Connecting branch of Hand-Taiyin. (*Jia Yi Jing*) 5 cun above Chize. (Okamoto)
Commentary: "Xia" is written as "Jia" by Wu Wenbing. *Shou Shi Bao Yuan* states: Apply ink to both nipples, extend both arms straight to clamp, the ink-stained spot is the point. This may be inaccurate and should not be followed.
Tianfu (from *Su Wen*) is the pulsating artery inside the armpit. (*Ling Shu*) Three cun below the axilla, on the medial aspect of the arm, in the pulsating artery. (*Jia Yi Jing*) Take with arm raised. (*Sheng Ji Zong Lu*) Moxibustion is contraindicated. (*Jia Yi Jing*)
Commentary: *Zi Sheng Jing* and *Lei Jing* state: Use the nose to locate. *Ru Men* adds "raise arm and use nose." Wu Wenbing and *Jin Jian* describe the "nose-tip ink dot method." To use this method, one must raise the arm quickly; otherwise, if slow, one locates Xiabai instead. Therefore, this quick method is not preferred. Wu Wenbing and *Da Cheng* state "5 cun above elbow/wrist," which is incorrect.
The Hand-Jueyin Pericardium Meridian and arm have a total of sixteen acupoints.
Zhongchong (from *Ling Shu*) is at the junction of the nail and flesh on the middle finger. (*Su Wen*) It is the Jing-Well point. (*Ling Shu*) In the depression, away from the nail like a leek leaf. (*Jia Yi Jing*) Inner end of the nail angle. (*Ci Zhu*, *Da Quan*)
Commentary: *Nei Jing*, *Jia Yi Jing*, and other books do not mention "inner/outer" sides. *Ci Zhu* and *Ju Ying* mention "nail angle" without inner/outer distinction. *Da Quan* mentions "inner," originating from *Xie Ke Pian*. Inagawa Michitsune's *Gu Jin Tong Ren Tu* states: Historically, the inner/outer distinction of the middle finger for Zhongchong was not clarified. Two chapters in *Ling Shu* say: "Laogong is in the inner space between the middle finger and its proximal joint." Since Laogong is in the inner space, Zhongchong should also be on the medial side of the middle finger. Chapter 71 states: "The Heart Protector meridian emerges from the tip of the middle finger, curves inward, follows the medial aspect of the middle finger, and stays in the palm." "Emerges from tip inward" and "follows medial aspect" clearly indicate the medial side of the middle finger. Nail angle: According to this chapter, "Heart emerges from Zhongchong." Hand-Shaoyin is referred to as Jueyin. Zhang Jiebin states: Heart and Pericardium are essentially one organ, their Qi connects, both are governed by the Heart. Citing *Xie Ke Pian*: "The Hand-Shaoyin meridian has no Shu points." However, since this chapter discusses Jing-Well, Ying-Spring, Jing-River, and He-Sea points, it should not be interpreted as having no Shu points. *Jin Gui Zhen Yan Lun* states: "South wind arises in summer, disease affects the Heart, Shu points are in chest and hypochondrium." Discussing Shu points is visible. This differs only from *Xie Ke Pian*. This chapter omits Hand-Jueyin, implying a missing Shaoyin entry, likely a transcription error changing Jueyin to Shaoyin. *Xie Ke Pian* explicitly states the Heart Protector meridian emerges from the middle finger tip, curves inward, follows the medial aspect. That Jueyin starts at the middle finger is clear. Also, *Jing Jin Pian* states: "Heart Protector sinew starts at the middle finger; Hand-Shaoyin sinew starts at the medial side of the little finger." This chapter speaks of sinews, not meridians, and their pathways differ. Zhang states meridians circulate Ying Qi in interior/exterior, sinews enter/exit zang-fu. However, the chapter does not discuss this matter, likely speculation. Ancients said *Nei Jing* was not written by one person at one time. Although *Ling Shu* has consistent arguments, there are doubts. The two meridians of Heart and Heart Protector often do not match, likely because they did not originate from the same source.
Laogong (from *Ling Shu*), also known as Wuli (from *Jia Yi Jing*), Guilu (from *Qian Jin Fang*), and Zhangzhong (from *Lei Jing*). In the palm, in the inner space between the middle finger and its proximal joint, is the Ying-Spring point. (*Ling Shu*) In the center of the palm, within the pulsating artery. (*Jia Yi Jing*) Transverse crease. (*Zi Sheng Jing*)
Commentary: "Palm center" is the center of the palm. *Ming Tang Jing* says "center of hand," locating it where the bent ring finger tip touches. *Fa Hui* says: Observing today, it is best to take the point between the bent middle and ring fingers. Now, *Zi Sheng Jing* says: Where the bent ring finger touches, which differs from Master Hua's citation. *Ru Men* says: Bend the middle finger to locate. These are all quick methods. I tested them, and sometimes they do not align, so they cannot be used. Bend fingers to make the palm concave, directly between the medial side of the middle finger, in the transverse crease, in the depression—this is the point. Quick methods should not be completely discarded, nor should they be rigidly adhered to. Thirteen Ghost Points: Guilu is Laogong. Detailed under Neiguan.
Daling (from *Ling Shu*), also known as Xin Zhu (from *Mai Jing*) and Guixin (from *Da Quan*). Between the two bones posterior to the palm, square and depressed, is the Shu-Stream point. (*Ling Shu*) In the middle of the first flexion line of the wrist, corresponding to the middle finger. (*Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang*)
Commentary: *Qian Jin Fang* commentary identifies Guixin as Taiyuan. *Da Quan* identifies it as Daling. *Zhe Zhong* cites *Qian Jin Fang* also as Daling. Because *Qian Jin Fang* has two interpretations for "Guixin at posterior palm transverse crease," it is unclear which is correct, so both are preserved. "Square and depressed" means in the depression. *Mai Jing* says: "Heart Protector is in the posterior palm transverse line." *Zhou Hou* says: "Heart Protector... its line is detailed in Zhou Hou." Thus attached to this note. Also, Heart Protector is another name. *Qian Jin Fang* says: For hematemesis and vomiting, moxa Heart Protector 50 moxa cones. *Qian Jin Yi Fang* states Daling is this point. *Jia Yi Jing*, *Qian Jin Yi Fang*, *Wai Tai Mi Yao*, *Zi Sheng Jing*, *Fa Hui* describe it as "between two tendons, in the depression." *Qian Jin Fang* says "between two bones." *Ci Zhu* says "between two bones and two tendons posterior to palm." *Lei Jing*, *Ju Ying*, *Yi Tong*, *Jin Jian* say "in the transverse crease posterior to palm, below the bone," meaning the same. *Twelve Yuan Points Chapter* says: "Yang-Zhong-Tai-Yang is the Heart. Its Yuan-Source point originates at Daling." This indicates the Pericardium meridian serves as the Yuan-Source for the Heart; explanation seen previously.
Neiguan (from *Ling Shu*) is 2 cun from the wrist, emerging between two tendons. (*Ling Shu*) Luo-Connecting, branches off to Shaoyang. (*Jia Yi Jing*) Opposite Waiguan. (*Lei Jing*) 2 cun posterior to Daling. (*Ru Men*) Source point (Yuan) (*Qian Jin Fang*)
Commentary: *Ling Shu* says: "Puncturing the two Guan points results in inability to flex when extended." The two Guan points are Neiguan and Waiguan. This implies taking the point with the elbow extended. *Qian Jin Fang* commentary notes: *Wai Tai Mi Yao* says 5 cun, current text says 2 cun.
Jianshi (from *Ling Shu*), also known as Guilu (from *Qian Jin Yi Fang*). In the middle of the three cun between two tendons, is the Jing-River point. (*Ling Shu*) 3 cun posterior to the palm, in the depression. (*Jia Yi Jing*) 3 cun posterior to Daling. (*Ru Men*)
Commentary: "Three cun in the middle" refers to 3 cun posterior to the palm, in the middle of the two tendons. *Zhou Hou* writes "two wrists posterior," with "two" being superfluous. "Guilu": *Qian Jin Yi Fang* says: 3 cun above the crease, between two tendons, needle through, named Guilu. This name is Jianshi. *Da Quan*, rhyme schemes, and *Lei Jing* list them as one name. *Qian Jin Fang* lists thirteen ghost points, identifying Laogong as Guilu, which is likely incorrect. *Qian Jin Fang* Wind-Epilepsy Chapter says "5 cun posterior to wrist, between two bones on arm." *Qian Jin Yi Fang* Wind Chapters say 2 cun, which is an error.
Ximen (from *Jia Yi Jing*) is the Xi-Cleft point of Hand-Jueyin, 5 cun from the wrist. (*Jia Yi Jing*) Posterior to palm. (*Qian Jin Fang*) 5 cun posterior to Daling. (*Ru Men*)
Commentary: *Qian Jin Fang* commentary says: *Wai Tai Mi Yao* says: 5 cun from Neiguan. This phrase is absent in the current text.
Quze (from *Ling Shu*) is in the depression below the medial margin of the elbow, obtained by flexion, is the He-Sea point. (*Ling Shu*) Medial to the large tendon, in the transverse crease, pulsating artery. (*Shen Ying*)
Commentary: Flexion means flexing the elbow. *Jia Yi Jing* writes "flex elbow." *Ru Men* writes "center of transverse crease between elbow and wrist," which is incorrect.
Tianquan (from *Jia Yi Jing*), also known as Tianwen (from *Jia Yi Jing*). Below the curved armpit, 2 cun from the arm, take with arm raised. (*Jia Yi Jing*)
Commentary: "Wen," *Wai Tai Mi Yao*, *Zi Sheng Jing*... Arm... cun, from Quze following the muscle separation upward, then retreat 2 cun to the armpit, this is the point. *Qian Jin Fang* and *Yi Fang*, *Wai Tai Mi Yao* write "take with raised armpit," missing...
The Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian and arm have a total of eighteen acupoints.
Shaochong (from *Jia Yi Jing*), also known as Jingshi (from *Jia Yi Jing*). At the end of the medial margin of the little finger, away from the nail like a leek leaf, where the Hand-Shaoyin meridian emerges, is the Jing-Well point. (*Jia Yi Jing*) Nail angle. (*Zi Sheng Jing*)
Commentary: When fingers specify inner/outer, it is based on the prone palm position. Thus, this point is taken at the nail angle of the little finger opposite the ring finger, directly posterior to Shaofu. *Ling Shu* lacks the Shaoyin entry. *Ben Shu Chapter* says: "Heart emerges from Zhongchong." Hand-Shaoyin. Explanation seen previously.
Shaofu (from *Jia Yi Jing*) is in the depression posterior to the proximal joint of the little finger, directly opposite Laogong, is the Ying-Spring point. (*Jia Yi Jing*) Inside the palm. (*Da Quan*)
Commentary: Ben... *Qian Jin Fang* writes... Coarse. *Jin Jian* says: End of the proximal joint of the little finger, lateral side, which is incorrect.
Shenmen (from *Jia Yi Jing*), also known as Duichong, Duzhong (from *Jia Yi Jing*), Ruizhong (from *Ju Ying*). At the end of the sharp bone posterior to the palm (*Ling Shu*) in the depression, is the Shu-Stream point. (*Jia Yi Jing*) Corresponding to the little finger. (*Ci Zhu*) Pulse responds to the hand. (Ibid.)
Commentary: *Jia Yi Jing* writes "Duigu." *Qian Jin Fang*, *Wai Tai Mi Yao* are the same. Dui and Rui are interchangeable... Bone, referring to the ankle bone below the wrist. Later generations... Say: Starting from the bone below, Yanggu note says: Below the sharp bone, Yanglao note says: Above the ankle bone. How can one ankle bone have... Method. Determine by first taking 1 cun posterior to the posterior palm transverse crease, corresponding to the space between the little finger... Then Shenmen is naturally posterior to the palm... Error. *Miao Ci Pian* says: "End of the sharp bone of Shaoyin." *Ci Zhu* says: Refers to Shenmen acupoint. Now, taking the Heart meridian on the medial side of the palm, little finger no... Side wrist is the Small Intestine meridian, explanation seen later. Popular doctors taking these four acupoints only spread four fingers to...
Shaoyin... (from *Jia Yi Jing*) In the pulse posterior to the palm, 0.5 cun from the wrist. (*Jia Yi Jing*) Corresponding to the space between the little finger and ring finger. (*Zeng Zhu*)
Commentary: *Jia Yi Jing*, before Shaoyin, has the character "Hand." *Wai Tai Mi Yao*, *Ci Zhu* write "Shaoyin..." *Qian Jin Fang* and *Yi Fang*, *Zi Sheng Jing*, *Sheng Ji Zong Lu* lack the character "Shao."
Tongli (from *Ling Shu*) is 1 cun posterior to the palm, branching off to Taiyang. (*Ling Shu*) In the depression. (*Ming Tang*) Directly posterior to Yin... (*Zeng Zhu*)
Commentary: "Li," *Qian Jin Fang*, *Qian Jin Yi Fang* write "Li" (line). "Palm," *Jia Yi Jing* writes "Wrist." *Jing Mai Pian* says: "1.5 cun from wrist." Ma Shi says: "The character 'ban' (half) is superfluous." Observing the following "1 cun posterior to palm" confirms this. All books lack the character "ban." *Lei Jing* writes "lateral wrist," which is incorrect. Explanation seen below.
Lingdao (from *Jia Yi Jing*) is 1.5 cun posterior to the palm, is the Jing-River point. (*Jia Yi Jing*)
Commentary: *Jia Yi Jing* or says: 1 cun. All books record this. 1 cun posterior to palm is Tongli. *Qian Jin Fang* does not record it. Or says one interpretation is correct.
Shaohai (from *Jia Yi Jing*), also known as Qujie (from *Jia Yi Jing*). Medial margin of the elbow, posterior to the joint, in the depression, pulsating artery responds to touch, is the He-Sea point. (*Jia Yi Jing*) Opposite Xiaohai of the Small Intestine meridian, clamping the large bone inside the elbow. (*Zeng Zhu*)
Moxibustion is contraindicated. (Zhen Quan)
Commentary: Xiaohai and Shaohai are separated only by the inner/outer aspect of one bone, causing much debate among physicians. Xiaohai note says: Clamping the lateral margin of the large bone inside the elbow. ... Says: Clamping the medial margin of the large bone inside the elbow. The meaning is clear. Thus *Zeng Zhu* says: Opposite Xiaohai of the Small Intestine meridian, clamping the large bone inside the elbow. Since the Branch Point (Zhizheng) of the Small Intestine meridian takes the lateral margin, Xiaohai must be outside the large bone. Thus *Jia Yi Jing* Shaohai note says: Medial margin of elbow, posterior to joint, visible already. *Wai Tai Mi Yao* cites Zhen Quan: Acupoint is on the side of the arm, inside the flexed elbow, at the head of the transverse crease, take with hand bent towards head to obtain Shaohai. To take this meridian, look up, slightly flex wrist and elbow, face inward, slowly from Shenmen posterior to palm along muscle separation to inside elbow, pass the large bone, then several cun medially, stay in the center of the armpit, in the hair cluster is Jiquan. To take the Small Intestine meridian, also flex wrist and elbow as before, slowly from Houxi along the lateral side to inside elbow, clamp the large bone exiting the lateral margin is Xiaohai. Both explore via muscle separation, why doubt? Thus to take Xiaohai, only passing the large bone inside the elbow, taking the depression, disregards Zhen's "head of transverse crease," naturally obtained. *Qian Jin Yi Fang*, *Tong Ren*, *Zi Sheng Jing*, *Ru Men*, *Lei Jing*, *Ju Ying*, *Yi Tong* all follow Zhen's view. Like *Ci Zhu*, *Ming Tang*, *Zi Sheng Jing*, *Fa Hui*, Wu Wenbing, *Ju Ying*, *Yi Tong* all say lateral to the large bone inside the elbow, 0.5 cun from elbow end. Okamoto believes the note for Xiaohai of the Small Intestine meridian is mixed here, which is correct.
Qingling (from *Ming Tang*) is 3 cun above the elbow, take with extended arm and raised arm. (*Ming Tang*) Puncture is contraindicated. (*Ru Men*)
Commentary: *Jia Yi Jing*, *Qian Jin Fang*, *Wai Tai Mi Yao* do not record this point. Recent acupuncture books all have it. *Ru Men* writes Qingling Quan. *Fa Hui* lacks "extended arm." Wu...